Disaster prevention and mitigation: Building a line of defense to protect the people's lives and well -being ｜ Welcome to the 20th Congress • Meteorological Achievements ⑫

Ten years, what does it mean for China's meteorological disaster prevention and disaster and mitigation?

It is the jump of benefits -the economic losses caused by meteorological disasters accounted for GDP ratio from 0.65%in 2012 to 0.29%in 2021; public meteorological service satisfaction increased year by year, with a record high in 2021, reaching 92.8 points.

It is an enhancement of capabilities -establishes a multi -department shared national emergencies and early warning information release system, and the public coverage rate of meteorological early warning information reaches 95.1%; artificial rainfall covers more than 5 million square kilometers, and the hail area reaches more than 500,000 square meters. kilometer.

In the past ten years, demand has been changing: from "strengthening the construction of disaster prevention and mitigation systems, improving the defense capabilities of meteorology, geology, and earthquake disasters" to "sound public safety systems" and "enhanced disaster prevention and reduction capacity"; And information release work "to" the first line of defense of meteorological disaster prevention and disaster prevention and mitigation. " The meteorological department has always adhered to the people's supremacy and life first, and has built a system with a meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation system with Chinese characteristics, and has made positive contributions to my country's economic and social development and the well -being of the people's well -being.

Consolidate mechanism Tighten the emergency linkage mechanism chain

The south in June was trapped by heavy rain, and the precipitation volume exceeded the historical pole in many places. Taking meteorological warning as the lead, the disaster prevention and mitigation chain quickly tightened the reality.

In Yingde, Guangdong, the Municipal Meteorological Bureau implements a town early warning mechanism to remind the masses in response to local characteristics such as villains, small and medium -sized reservoirs, remote mountainous areas and other local characteristics, or to enable large speakers, gongs and drums and other methods to remind the masses. In front of the Beijiang Hongfeng, it provides a strong support for resource scheduling and mass transfer; in Liuzhou, Guangxi, the "three stops" mechanism jointly explored by the municipal emergency management and meteorological department immediately launched immediately, In the state of disaster, the early quantity of the disaster; once the heavy rain red warning was released, the "Laoshan Property" established by the District Housing and Construction Commission notified the group "full" in 128 communities through the release of the heavy rain red warning, minimizing the impact of heavy rain ...

These vivid practices are the live footsteps of the achievements of the achievements of the "party committee leadership, government -led, departmental linkage, and social participation".

In the past ten years, the meteorological department-

Promoting high positions, the "beam pillar" that stabilizes the top -level design. With the issuance of the "China Meteorological Administration on Strengthening the Construction of Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mergence", "Notice on Promoting the Construction of Meteorological Disaster Early Warning Mechanisms", "Guiding Opinions for the China Meteorological Administration to promote high -quality development of meteorological protection services" and other documents, etc. Driven by the Party Group of the China Meteorological Administration attached great importance to and vigorously promoted, there have been 155 cities and 675 counties across the country to include public weather services and meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation related work into the government to purchase public service catalogs; The list of meteorological disaster prevention, disaster prevention and mitigation and public service rights and responsibilities are included in the list of local government power and responsibility; multiple provinces revised and established a new meteorological disaster emergency plan or related emergency system, 2090 counties formulated meteorological disaster defense plans, 28,000 towns and villages will be meteorological disasters, and the meteorological disasters will be meant. The defense was included in the government's comprehensive disaster prevention and mitigation system, and 154,700 villages (Tun) formulated an emergency action plan for meteorological disasters.

Categorize policies and optimize the "chain" of departmental linkage. At present, the China Meteorological Administration has established an inter -liaison system of the national meteorological disaster warning service department composed of 30 departments. The two -way sharing department of meteorological disaster information has reached 508. Meteorological and development and reform, public security, natural resources, transportation, water conservancy, water conservancy, agricultural and rural areas, emergency management, sports and other departments work closely, to prevent control and control, geological disaster weather risk early warning, traffic emergency linkage, flood disaster prevention and rivers and lake and library dispatch , Agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation, meteorological early warning and emergency response linkage, sports event activities safety supervision and other important areas, and establish a normalized meeting and emergency linkage mechanism. The meteorological departments of various places have also explored the establishment of a department -linking mechanism for the rhythm of local disaster prevention and reduction work, such as Shenzhen's "31631" meteorological forecasting mechanism, Guizhou "three names" early warning linkage work mechanism, Zhejiang "grid+meteorological" model , Hunan's "631" progressive warning mode, Fujian "1262" fine -town and rural meteorological disaster warning linkage mechanism, etc.

On June 18, 2022, the Zhaoping County Meteorological Bureau of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region organized party members and cadres to inspect and maintain meteorological warning and automatic meteorological stations to ensure that the "last mile" of disaster prevention and mitigation at the grassroots level was unblocked. The picture shows the pioneer team of the Party Meteorological Bureau of Zhaoping County Meteorological Bureau conducting inspection and maintenance map/Mao Qi

Mobilize all parties to condense the combination of disaster prevention and disaster and mitigation. To create a social atmosphere of meteorological disasters and risk identification and prevention, it is necessary to strengthen social awareness and mobilize social forces. On the one hand, the meteorological department makes full use of the meteorological all -media matrix, selects and cultivates experts in meteorological science popularization, and makes an authoritative voice as soon as possible before the catastrophic weather. The village, and the awareness of the awareness of disaster prevention and disaster avoidance in schools, enterprises, communities and other. In recent years, the popularization rate of the national meteorological science knowledge has steadily increased, reaching 80.76%in 2021. At the same time, it has fully mobilized the grassroots forces. There are currently 653,000 information officers, 1009 standardized meteorological disasters defense towns, and joint emergency management department and China Earthquake bureau created 6397 6397 National comprehensive disaster reduction demonstration community.

Before the typhoon "Plum Blossom" landed, all parties in Haiyan County, Zhejiang Province were waiting. In order to ensure the safety of the people's lives, starting at 15 pm on September 13, 2022, according to the weather early warning information, various towns (streets) in Haiyan County arranged to pick up and drop off vehicles, and safeguarded the 213 construction workers under construction sites in the county. Properly resettlement of Figure Conferry: The Meteorological Bureau of Haiyan County, Zhejiang Province improves capacity to build a disaster risk "watching tower"

Since its entry into this year, most parts of Hubei have been affected by high temperatures and have encountered rare droughts. As early as the flood, the Hubei Provincial Meteorological Bureau reported to the Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Government for decision -making service information that the precipitation during the rainstorm period was too small to prevent high temperature drought in the later period. The Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Government can grasp the floods in one hand and grasp the water storage water and protect the water, adding confidence to the later protection of agricultural water, urban and rural water supply, and ecological water storage.

"Leading" is the new stage of high -quality development, and the Party Central Committee and the State Council put forward higher requirements for meteorological. In order to help disaster prevention and mitigation and disaster relief, at the frontier "position", a disaster and risk "watch tower" was built on the front -edge "position" -

The solid "tower bottom" comes from the increasingly clear cognition of comprehensive meteorological disasters and risks. In addition to the test projects that promote various analysis of disaster weather mechanisms, the party group of the China Meteorological Administration adheres to the comprehensive risk census work of meteorological disasters, establishes a census organization system with horizontal connection and vertical collaboration, and has formed the national province as the core, the city and county, the city and county Participating census backbone team. As of September 15, the pilot "conference battle" and 11 key counties, "one province, one county" and "one province, one city" and other meteorological disaster risks census data census data achievements. %. At the same time, the application of the census results of the two levels of the country and the province, in terms of quantitative risk pre -evaluation, early warning release standards, extreme heavy rainfall and typhoon risk research, regional climate feasibility demonstration, and manual impact weather operating site layout in major meteorological disasters Essence

On September 13, the staff of the network and equipment guarantee center of Zhoushan Meteorological Bureau of Zhejiang Province checked the operating status of CMACAST Satellite Station and the new generation of weather radar in Zhoushan before the typhoon. /Wen Linwei

The tiles on the towering "tower body" come from enhanced monitoring and forecast capabilities. At present, the meteorological department has basically built a comprehensive meteorological observation system with an appropriate layout and reliable operation. It can "capture" meteorological disasters from the four dimensions of land, sea, sea, and sky; The forecast business system, the accuracy rate of heavy rain warning reaches 89%, the heavy -duty weather warning time is advanced to 38 minutes, and the typhoon path forecast is reduced to 65 kilometers by 24 hours; New technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence support the new architecture of "cloud+end" meteorological information technology, and independently developed China's first -generation global atmospheric/land reconstruction system and product (CRA) business operation ... At the same time, weather, meteorological The department is still moving forward, and 26 meteorological guarantee capabilities are formulated to improve the work plan for enhancement of the watershed, sub -regions, and fields, and guide localities to strengthen the construction of meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities.

The "beacon" at the top of the tower is the key to the rapid transformation of meteorological monitoring and early warning information into the disaster prevention and mitigation of governments at all levels and the public. What kind of warnings do users need, and how to ensure that the warning is "issued, understands, and uses it?" The meteorological department has been working hard: on the one hand, joint efforts are jointly assaulted, and the China Meteorological Administration has cooperated with the State Administration of Radio and Television, Industry and Information Technology to explore the establishment of Meteorological Early Warning Information Emergency Broadcasting and SMS precise targeting pilots. Efficiency and network security issues have achieved results in technology integration, data docking, and system construction. At the same time, as part of the national emergency command platform system, the national, provincial, city, and county The four -level early warning information release center, the early warning public coverage rate reached 95.1%, and the timeliness of early warning release reached 3 to 8 minutes. On the other hand, the blade is inward, and the warning signals around meteorological disasters are not targeted, content irregular, multi -level repeated release, and threshold standards are not suitable for disaster prevention and reduction needs. More adaptable to local conditions.

In the new journey, meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation are targeting "early, accurate, fast, wide, and real", and the original intention is like Pan Pan always put people's security first.

Produced by China Meteorological Administration Xuanke Center (China Meteorological News Agency)

Author: Ye Yihong

edit:

- END -