The person in charge of the World Trade Department of the Ministry of Commerce introduced the specific situation of the 12th ministerial meeting of the WTO

The 12th Ministerial Meeting of the WTO (hereinafter referred to as MC12) was successfully held in Geneva, Switzerland from June 12-17. The meeting reached a package of agreements on the reform of the WTO, the response to the epidemic, the safety of the food, the food security, the fishery subsidy, and the e -commerce, and the results were rich. At the current difficulty of the global turbulence and multilateral trading system, the results of the meeting are not easy to achieve the results of the meeting. It will revive the confidence of all parties in the multilateral trade system, reflect the unity of members of the WTO, jointly cope with global challenges, promote the world economic recovery of the world economic recovery Determination. To this end, the relevant person in charge of the World Trade Department of the Ministry of Commerce introduced the situation of the Package agreement reached by the MC12.

1. Meeting results documents

The results of the conference results are the members of the WTO's 10th Ministerial Meeting in 2015, Kenya Nairobi, and reached a consensus document of negotiation after 7 years.

In the conference results documents, all parties reiterated to strengthen the multilateral trade system with the World Trade Organization as the core, emphasizing the important role of international trade and WTO in promoting the global economic recovery, enhancing the well -being of the people, and achieving sustainable development. The WTO Agreement is indispensable. All parties have stated that they will support the necessary reforms of the WTO to ensure that the reform process is driven by members, open, transparent, tolerant, and solve all members' attention, and authorize the Prime Minister Council and its subordinate agencies progress. The parties promise to have a well -operated dispute resolution mechanism that can be used by all members by 2024. In addition, members have made political commitments to the World Trade Organization's joining work, service trade, and related contents of the least developed countries.

Second, the minister of the new crown vaccine intellectual property obligations decide

MC12 reached the "Minister of Intellectual Property Agreement" ("Decision") ("Decision"). The "Decision" helps meet the global "vaccine gap", enhance the vaccine and affordability of the vaccine in the development of members, and promote the construction of a community of human health and health.

The "Decision" allows the protection obligation to exempt members of the new crown vaccine during the development of members. Development members can authorize production and export new crown vaccines to members of other qualified development without the permission of patent rights. Members who have enjoys greater flexibility in the way of implementing authorization, reporting obligations, and providing appropriate remuneration to patent persons. For example, members can be authorized through legislation, administrative orders, emergency laws and other methods. To report to the WTO, we can consider humanitarianism and non -profit aims when determining the rewards of rights holders. The "Decision" also stipulates whether to discuss the diagnosis and treatment of patent protection obligations within 6 months. "Decision" encourages members of the development of new crown vaccine capacity to give up and enjoy exemption. In order to support vaccine intellectual property exemption negotiations to reach an early agreement, China actively announced before this ministerial meeting to announce the treatment provided by the decision to enjoy the exemption decision. Contribute with affordability.

3. Declaration of the Minister of the Epidemium

MC12 reached the "Declaration of the Preparation for the Preparation of the New Crown Pneumonia Epidemic and Future Epidemium in the WTO" ("Declaration"). The "Declaration" covers all comprehensive measures to respond to the epidemic. By improving the transparency of the policy, the cancellation of export restrictions as much as possible, promoting trade facilitation, playing the role of service trade, supporting tolerance recovery, strengthening cooperation with international organizations, implementing future action plans, etc. Methods to actively promote the response to the new crown epidemic and prepare for the epidemic situation that may occur in the future.

Fourth, fishery subsidy agreement

The World Trade Organization Fisheries Subscribe Negotiations is part of the World Trade Organization's Dorha Development Round negotiations and has been carried out for 21 years. The negotiation aims to help the sustainable development of marine fishery resources by formulating new subsidy rules to restrict harmful fishery subsidies. After densely negotiated and hard work, the MC12 finally reached the "Fisheries Subsidy Agreement" ("Agreement"). The "Agreement" is the first WTO agreement to achieve the goal of sustainable environmental development.

The Agreement contains two core discipline. First, it is forbidden to provide subsidies to illegal, unpaid reporting, and non -controlling (IUU) fishing. The main contents include prohibiting members from granting or maintaining IUU fishing related subsidies and requesting members to inform the legislative and law enforcement measures for this to clarify related coastal members and ship flags. State members and regional fishery management organizations can make IUU fishing determinations. The IUU fishing determination must be based on relevant facts and follow the legitimate procedures, and the time limit for the IUU fishing subsidy ban shall comprehensively consider the nature, severity, and repetitiveness of IUU fishing.

Second, it is forbidden to provide subsidies for excessive fishing fish population fishing. The main content includes fishing subsidies related to excessive fishing fish groups related to excessive fishing fish. ; Or, in the case of adopting other maintenance measures that promote the recovery of fish population, it is allowed to provide relevant fishing subsidies; it is clear that the relevant coastal members and regional fishery management organizations are determined by scientific evidence. Report the situation of fish population, fishing activities and maintenance measures.

In addition, the "Agreement" also sets some other relevant disciplines, including subsidies for fishing activities without jurisdictions, reminders of subsidies for subsidies for flag -changing fishing boats and unknown fish fishing activities, allowing disaster relief subsidies, etc. Essence In order to implement the authorization of negotiations, the Agreement provides special and different treatments for development members. Within two years after the agreement is effective, the relevant subsidies provided by the development of members are not applicable to the World Trade Organization dispute resolution procedures. Fisheries funds that provide technical assistance and capacity building support. The fund is voluntarily funded by members and cooperates with the UN Food and Agriculture Organization and the International Agricultural Development Fund in the implementation. V. Declaration of Minister of Food Safety

In order to actively respond to the current global grain security issues, MC12 passed the "Declaration on the Emergency Corresponding to Food Safety Issues" ("Declaration"). Each member of the members pays attention to the interruption of food and agricultural products in the "Declaration", excessive fluctuations in international grain prices, and related trade restrictions, emphasizing that trade is the same as domestic production, and plays an important role in improving global food security. Each member of the members promised to take steps to facilitate the trade of agricultural products, improve the operation of the global food and agricultural market, and improve long -term toughness; reiterate the prohibition or restrictions on exports that do not meet the rules of the WTO; The trade distortion of emergency measures is minimized as much as possible, and the rules of the WTO are in line with the WTO; encouraging providing grain assistance to poor countries to help the least developed countries and net import developing countries to improve agricultural production capacity; emphasizing sufficient grain reserves help help help For members to achieve the importance of domestic food security goals and quickly sharing policy information that may affect the trade of agricultural products.

6. The Minister of the World Grain Planning Office of the Grain Planning Department's food exemption or restrictions decided to decide

In the context of the current global grain risks intensifying and hungry, the humanitarian grain assistance provided by the World Grain Program is even more urgent. Each member of the members reached the "Decision on the Forbidden or Restrictions of the Food Purchase of Grain Plan for Food Plan for Food Planning for Food Plan" at the meeting, and promised not to implement export prohibition or restrictions on the implementation of humanitarian grain procurement of the World Grain Program.

7. The Minister of the "E -commerce Work Plan" decided

Since 1998, the World Trade Organization has begun to make temporary temporary tariffs on electronic transmission with the decision of the "E -commerce Work Plan". However, it is necessary to continue to maintain the approach after the negotiation of the ministerial conference. During the MC12 period, the Minister of the Member reached the "Decision on the" E -commerce Work Plan ", which stated that it would revive the work of the E -Commerce Work Plan, emphasize the development dimension, strengthen the discussion of temporary tariffs for electronic transmission, and regularly review relevant research on research. The report and agreed to continue the practice of temporary tariffs on electronic transmission to the next ministerial meeting.

8. Minister of the small economy work plan decided

The "Minister of the Small Economy Work Plan" reiterated the previous minister's promise, reviewing the work carried out since 2018, including solving the challenges faced by small economies in the field of trade facilitation; Attract opportunities and challenges in investment; natural disasters on the economic and trade impact of small economies. The work plan indicates that the Trade and Development Commission continues to work at a special meeting of small economies and further reviews the relevant proposals submitted by members in detail; calls on the Prime Minister Council to propose action proposals for the trade related issues of small economies, and instruct the World Trade Organization Secretariat as the Secretariat of the WTO as the Secretary of the World Trade Organization. After the epidemic of small economies, the economic recovery provides information and fact analysis.

Nine, the "Intellectual Property Agreement related to trade", the minister of the non -violation of the complaint and the scene of the scene decision

"Decisions of the" Agreement of Intellectual Property Agreement related to trade "(" Decisions of the Minister of the Likes and Scenario "(" Decision "), which is clearly suspended in the" Trade -related Intellectual Property Agreement "(" TRIPS Agreement ") item continued Applicable to non -violations and scenarios, the TRIPS Council continued to review the scope and model of non -violations and scenarios, and submitted suggestions to the next ministerial meeting. During this period, the members did not file such lawsuits under the TRIPS Agreement.

10. Declaration of Minister of Health and Botanical Health

Since the WTO in 1995, since the "Sanitation and Plant Health Measures Agreement" ("SPS Agreement"), the evolution of the global agricultural pattern has brought new opportunities and challenges to food and animal and plant trade. The "MC12 Health and Plant Health Declaration: Cathed the Modern SPS Challenge" ("SPS Declaration") on the meeting focused on the relationship between the "SPS Agreement" and the new challenges of agricultural fields such as population growth, climate change, innovative agricultural technology, and sustainable development. The SPS Commission should discuss such challenges. The SPS Declaration is an important multilateral result that helps to promote the related work of the SPS Commission to advance with the times, adapt to the new development and changes in the agricultural field, and assist all members to respond to global agricultural challenges more effectively.

Source: Department of Commerce World Trade

Edit: Wang Ya

Repeating school: Wang Jinyong, Li Dandan, Wang Ya, Zhang Yingxue

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