Environmental protection must be heard 丨 The Yellow River protection and governance battle has a "combat guide"

The "River Ecological Protection and Governance Action Plan" proposes that by 2025, the forest coverage rate of the Yellow River Basin will reach 21.58%, and the soil and water conservation rate will reach 67.74%. Or it is better than the proportion of water bodies III reached 81.9%, and the water quality of the dry flow of the Yellow River reaches category Ⅱ.

The wide lakes are reflected in the sky clouds, with gorgeous flowers on the shore, and the red ducks, gray goose, and swans are swimming on the lake ... %, 26%of the amount of water during the rich water period is the main supply area of ​​the water source of the upper reaches of the Yellow River and the key areas of biodiversity, and it is also an important part of the ecological barrier area of ​​the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau.

In recent years, the Rizhiga grassland wetland environment in the Aba Tibetan Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province has continued to improve, but due to the complexity of terrain, severe climate change, and frequent natural disasters, the wetland atrophy, grassland degeneration, river bank erosion, forest decreased forests in local areas The decline in the decline in important ecological barriers has not been fundamentally changed. In order to promote the protection and restoration of the Yellow River Basin ecosystem including the Rizai Grassland Wetland, 12 departments including the Ministry of Ecology and Environment jointly issued the "Action Plan for the Yellow River Ecological Protection and Governance" (hereinafter referred to as the "Action Plan").

The "Action Plan" proposes that by 2025, the forest coverage rate of the Yellow River Basin will reach 21.58%, and the soil and water conservation rate will reach 67.74%. The proportion of water body reaches 81.9%, and the water body of the surface water is basically eliminated. 90%, the elimination ratio of black odor water in the county -level cities reached more than 90%.

The Ministry of Ecology and Environment stated that the "Action Plan" focuses on the prominent problems of the ecological environment of the river basin, coordinate shortcomings, prevent risks, strong ecology, ability to increase ability, and grasp demonstrations. Essence

The quality of the Yellow River water is less than the national average of the country

The Yellow River is the "mother river" of the Chinese nation. The Yellow River Basin covers Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi and other 9 provinces.

Zhang Bo, chief engineer of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and Director of the Department of Water Ecological and Environment, said that the shortage of water resources is the prominent characteristics of the Yellow River Basin, and the heaviest pollution in the Yellow River is part of the midstream.

How to treat the water environment and solve the problems of pollution? Zhang Bo said that industrial enterprises must enter the park, and the park must build centralized treatment facilities for sewage and stabilize the standard discharge. In addition to the contamination of pollution control in industrial parks, the shortcomings of urban environmental infrastructure must also be accelerated. "Relatively speaking, the economy along the Huang Province is not so developed, and the local finance is not very rich. There are shortcomings in the construction of urban environment infrastructure and the treatment of black and odorous water bodies." Zhang Bo said. The phenomenon of extensive, sewage, garbage along the river, or even direct discharge of rainwater pipelines is common. It is not uncommon, "hidden dirt" in the dry season, "zero deposit and rectification" during the flood season, and the urban surface source pollution is serious.

The central ecological environmental protection inspector has also reported many typical cases of damage to the ecological environment of the Yellow River Basin. For example, Ningxia Pingluo Chemical Industrial Park, with nearly 700,000 tons of treatment, over -standard tail water discharged to the tail reservoir that is only 2.6 kilometers away from the Yellow River, and eventually discharged into the external environment through leak Hidden dangers. The sewage treatment facilities of the industrial park have been operating normally for a long time, and a large amount of unbound sewage is unknown.

In the Shaanxi section of the Yellow River, the inspection team discovered that since 2013, the Korean city of Shaanxi Province has been illegally dumped about 1.26 million cubic meters of solid waste in the Yellow River Castle Channel for a long time, occupying 379 acres of river channels, which seriously affects the security and ecological functions of flooding. Along the Yellow River's first -class tributaries, the problem of illegal dumping of tailing sand in enterprises was prominent.

The Party Secretary of the Environmental Planning Institute of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment said that since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Yellow River governance and protection work has achieved worldwide attention, and the ecological environment of the Yellow River has continued to improve. However, there are still some outstanding difficulties and problems in the Yellow River Basin. Industrial, urban life, agricultural sources, and tailings pair pollution, coupled with the shortage of water resources, high water resources development intensity, and low efficiency of agricultural water use. Some tributary ecological flow is insufficient, and the quality of water environment is generally worse than the national average.

In -depth tackling of the difficulty of ecological protection and governance

"Action Plan is aimed at the difficulty of the difficulty of ecological protection and governance in the Yellow River Basin, and strives to solve the outstanding ecological environment of the people's concern." The Army said.

The "Action Plan" proposes the five major actions of the Yellow River's ecological protection and governance, including promoting the rivers and lakes ecological protection and governance actions, accelerating the "inferiority" of polluting water, ensuring ecological flow, and promoting the inspection and rectification of the sewage outlets in the river; accelerating the clean production of industrial enterprises With pollution control, promote the use of sewage resources; promote the shortcomings of urban sewage collection pipe networks, strengthen the treatment and treatment of sewage sludge, comprehensively improve the urban black and odorous water bodies; strengthen the prevention and control of agricultural surface source pollution, strengthen the prevention and control of farming pollution, and accelerate rural human residential residence Environmental improvement and improvement; maintaining upstream water source conservation functions, strengthening the control of midstream water and soil loss, strengthening the comprehensive management and protection and repair of downstream and estuary, strengthening the protection of biodiversity, and implementing ecological protection and restoration actions. According to the "Action Plan", Tang Wanfeng, the head of the Qinghai Provincial Department of Ecological Environment, said that Qinghai will promote the collaborative governance of the basin environment in all directions and throughout the process to effectively solve the problem of pollution, industrial pollution and urban and rural environment of the basin. Coordinate the promotion of water environment, atmosphere, soil, solid waste pollution pollution joint defense, strengthen the comprehensive rectification of ecological environment in the mining area, comprehensively improve the quality of the watershed environment, and maintain the "Qinghai Qinghai Qinghai in the World".

The Laoshui River is the largest one -level tributary in the Yellow River in Qinghai Province. The Beichuan River, as an important tributary of the Laushui River. In the past, due to the influence of the surrounding industries, domestic sewage and garbage, it was turbid or even on the verge of disconnection. Today, after governance, the Beichuan River has "gorgeous transformation". The reporter has followed the interview team of "China Environmental Protection Century Bank" and walked into the Beichuanhe Wetland Park in Xining City. Seeing the pedestrian trails in the park adopts advanced water seepage materials, the rain sewage collection pipe network project was built along the river ... former sewage shortage wasteland wasteland The beach has become a green landscape ecological corridor that integrates functions such as ecological protection, ecological green space, and tourist attractions. Walking along the river, the green grass is like the grass, the birds are fragrant, and the lake and mountains are intoxicated. Qinghai Province also purified the water of the Beichuan River through step -by -step precipitation and plant adsorption, thereby improving the water quality of the Lishui River.

Data show that the water quality of the section IV of the Qinghai River in the Qinghai River is 100%, and the water quality of type III accounted for more than 50%.

Scientific and technological support to solve major ecological environment issues in the basin

Strengthening scientific and technological support is an important guarantee measure proposed by the Action Plan. The Army said that the ecological environment of the Yellow River Basin is complicated, the goals of ecological protection and governance are high, and strive to fight the tackling of the Yellow River ecological protection and governance. It is necessary to strengthen regional cooperation, scientific and technological research, and market system research and support guarantees during the implementation process to ensure that the task of tackling tasks smoothly goes well. Promote implementation. In particular, we must strengthen the joint research of major issues, focus on the difficulty and key points of the Yellow River Basin, jointly carry out the key and forward -looking technologies such as the quality and comprehensive governance of the watershed water environment and comprehensive governance, the restoration of degenerative ecosystems, the coordination of carbon reduction coordination, and the scientific response to climate change Research research to support the solution of major ecological environment issues in the basin.

The "Action Plan" also requires that the ecological protection of the Yellow River Basin and high -quality development scientific and technological innovation actions, relying on existing scientific research institutions to form a joint research platform for ecological protection and high -quality development of the Yellow River Basin, and promote the "one city, one policy" residence tracking research, etc. Science and technology assistance operations have formed a group of copied and promoted basin ecological environment governance models.

Li Yuedong, deputy director of the Sichuan Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, said that Sichuan will build an integrated ecological monitoring network of the sky, and regularly carry out monitoring of grassland and wetlands; establish an industrial pollution source automation monitoring system and grassland ecosystem change, grassland fire, biological disaster monitoring system; Implement the "environmental governance and ecological protection" major scientific and technological projects of "environmental governance and ecological protection"; establish an ecological environment grid supervision system, and improve the regulatory mechanism of big data law enforcement.

In order to protect the Rizai Grassland Wetland, Sichuan Province has implemented the "integrated protection and restoration projects of the Ruergai Grassland Wetland Wetland Wetland Wetland Wetland Wetland Wetland Wetland Wetland in Sichuan." Repairing projects will receive a central financial subsidy of 2 billion yuan. The project involves 4 counties in Aba, Johgai, Hongyuan, and Songpan in Aba Prefecture. From 2022 to 2024, the project will implement the implementation of 39 sub -projects in 3 years, and from the source, the overall, systematic, and integrated promotion of ecological protection and repair of the area. After the project is implemented, it is expected that the amount of carbon reinforcement will be 45,600 tons and 333 million cubic meters of water conservation each year, and the function of high -cold and wetland ecosystems will be fully restored.

Source: Science and Technology Daily

Author: Li He

Editor in charge: Zhang Zhaonan

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