Preventing birth defects, the most critical of 1000 days early in life

Early 1000 days of life

■ Chinese Women's Daily All -Media Journalist Han Yatong

It is understood that there are currently 8,000 to 10,000 species of human birth defects. Birth defects will bring a heavy spirit and economic burden on the family, and preventing birth defects has also become a major medical issue in the world.

"To prevent birth defects from the source, 1000 days in the early days of life are the key window period." A few days ago, the "Healthy Chinese Action Women and Child Health Promotion Action" early -time by the National Health and Health Commission's Population Cultural Development Center and the China Health Promotion Foundation early At the launching meeting of the 1000 -day 'Caring Plan and the September 12th Planted Baby Program ", Professor Duan Tao, chief physician of the obstetrics and gynecology department of Shanghai First Maternal and Baby Health Hospital, said: 'Early 1000 days of life' is a very important stage. Whether it is nutrition, psychological, or external environmental poison, it will increase the incidence of various chronic diseases in children and adolescents after the baby is born. "

Early 1000 days of life is the first key stage of children's development, including from the fetal period (280 days) to the baby's pregnancy to 2 years old (720 days) after the baby's birth. "Opportunity window period" can not only affect the physical development and brain development of the infant period, but also affect the health of children's adults. The UN Nutrition Executive Committee proposed that 1000 days of life were the window period for preventing adult chronic diseases.

The theory of Dohad (the origin of health and disease development) believes that 1,000 days of life in the early days of life are in nutritional imbalances and will have a variety of impacts on the sub -generations.

Duan Tao believes that the impact of bad environments in the pregnancy palace may have continuously influenced generations, such as high blood pressure, type II diabetes, and coronary heart disease in adulthood. "If the mother has depression and anxiety during pregnancy, the risk of depression and anxiety will increase after the child reaches adulthood. Therefore, in the first two years after the baby is born, it is a very important stage. Whether it is our nutritional nutrition Our psychology, or the external environmental poison, will increase the occurrence of various chronic diseases in children and adolescents and adulthood after birth. "

In recent years, the nutritional status of key mothers and infants in my country has been improved, but it still faces many challenges. Women in my country generally lack a variety of trace nutrients, and the lack of proportions during pregnancy is further enlarged. Insufficient calcium intake of pregnant women is particularly prominent. And at this stage, the intake of vitamin D and calcium in infants and young children also has a gap between the recommended intake, increasing health risks.

Mother's nutritional deficiency (calcium, iron, multiple trace nutrients, etc.) may not only cause pregnancy complications, but also have a variety of long -term effects on babies. Professor Yu Kang, director of the clinical nutrition department of Peking Union Hospital, suggested: "From the beginning of pregnancy, you can take composite vitamins containing 0.8 mg of folic acid daily, at least 3 months after pregnancy, those who have condition can continue to take composite vitamins containing folic acid until the breastfeeding period Finish."

"At the same time, pay attention to the joint supplement of diversified nutrients such as iron, calcium, and DHA to meet the needs of the fetus at the same time." Yu Kang said that after the baby is born, it is recommended to scientifically supplement calcium (such as citric acid (such as citric acid, such as citric acid. Calcium) and vitamin D, after 6 months, can also add iron -rich foods rich in food to meet the needs of children's development and nutrition.

In Duan Tao's view, in addition to paying attention to the early 1,000 days, it is also necessary to pay attention to the intervention of bad lifestyles in the early days of life. This is an effective measure to correct the trajectory of the disease. "Therefore, if we want to reduce the occurrence of adult chronic diseases, we must first pay attention to the earliest source, from the palace to the age of two. In addition, from the age of two to enter children and puberty at the age of two, we should go Correct these bad lifestyles. "

"Early 1000 days of life is an important window, which has laid the health trend of our life." Yu Kang said that paying attention to nutritional supplements during pregnancy, breastfeeding, and adding a nutritional supplement to a scientific formula on the basis of reasonable diets ... can all be for all ... can all be for all ... can be for all ... can be for all ... can be for all ... can be for Fetails and children and mothers provide the best health protection. Specifically, the incidence and mortality rate of children can be reduced, the birth defect rate is reduced, the risk of child obesity and non -infectious diseases is reduced, and the future intellectual development, cognitive ability, vision, sports, social ability, height, etc. will generate life for life. Positive influence.

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