Song Jing, a repair division of the ancient book: Miaoshou make up a book, guard the treasure of civilization with his fingertips

Disveys the papers of Fengzheng, and the back of the painting core presents the countless folding strips that Song Jing is reinforced by the cracks and creases. Zhou Yunxi/Photo

□ Chinese Women's Daily All -Media Reporter Zhou Yunxi

□ Intern Huangreya

The studio of the Literature Repairing Group of the National Library of China is posted in the studio of the Literature Repair Team of the National Library of China. After half a year of meticulous repair and flat on the wall, Song Jing, a 33 -year -old ancient book repairman, can finally use the stake to unveil the portrait from the wall and re -mount it. Compared with the first time they were sent, the countless broken lines of the painting core were repaired and restored, and the filled colors were integrated with the original work. The Buddha statue in the painting restored the solemn expression.

Song Jing no longer remembers this is the first few works that he repaired. The only thing she cares about is: how to formulate the safest and reliable solution to repair the next ancient book as "old".

Evergreen on the ideal road

Overlooking the Baita, near Beihai Park Taiye Pool, the ancient Chinese library of the Chinese National Library in the ancient capital, is ancient and ancient.

One day in early September, under the autumn sun, Chinese women reported that all media reporters came to the ancient book of the National Library. Push the old door and walk into the Wenjin Tower, and the historical atmosphere coming from the face instantly brought people cool. When the tall door of the studio was opened, the sound of the wooden door hit the copper bell of the roof was particularly crisp. If it wasn't for the reminder of the copper bell, it would be difficult to detect the entry of foreigners when the ancient books restorations in the house were put into work.

After graduating from graduate students, Song Jing was admitted to the National Library of the National Library. It has been engaged in the restoration of ancient books for 5 years. Hundreds of cultural relics participating in the restoration include the imperial pen of Emperor Qianlong and the Empress Dowager Cixi.

The previous year, Hunan's left -behind girl Zhong Fangrong applied for archeological majors with a good score of 676 points. Many people were not optimistic about her choice. But the "unpopular" in the eyes of outsiders is "the direction of the heart" for Song Jing.

During his childhood, Song Jing was keen on various cultural documentary at home and abroad, and he became very interested in the repair of cultural relics. In middle school, she would be a native repair division as the ideal of life. Although the teacher did not know much about cultural relics protection at the time, after knowing her firm goal, she also encouraged her to bravely pursue.

When engaging in cultural security, chemistry requires the foundation of chemistry. During the undergraduate, Song Jing was admitted to Fudan University Chemistry. After graduating, she was admitted by the professional relics protection of cultural relics through the postgraduate entrance examination, and worked hard on the ideal road.

In recent years, the popularity of "I Repairing Cultural Relics in the Forbidden City" has injected a lot of popularity into the major of Song Jing's major and the industry, but for her, the ideal choice is sometimes simple. "There are many 'Zhong Fangrong' around me, some are college entrance examinations, and some have gold medals in the competition, especially most people I have encountered in school, who are interested and loved by cultural relics protection."

After truly investing in work, Song Jing found that the repair of the documentary was filter. Although the picture was beautiful, it ignored the long repair process. "If the whole process of shooting and repair is the truth, some people may be persuaded." But she firmly believes that "because of love, they will accept all the challenges."

"Dreaming is also cultivating ancient books"

At 8:30 in the morning, the ancient book restorations are going to work. After the preparation of the early stage of work is completed, the restoration work generally starts from 10 am until 5 pm, not more than six o'clock at the latest. "The ancient book is a cultural relic unit. In order to ensure the safety of cultural relics in the museum, it cannot work overtime at will, so it must improve the efficiency of work." Song Jing explained.

Because some repair steps can't wait, she must arrange the cycle progress in advance. "You can't put it for too long, and the pigment is used on the same day. If a work plan is too difficult, it may need to be completed the next day, and it cannot be arranged on Friday." This is Song Jing's experience.

Before each repair project starts, Song Jing and colleagues will evaluate the repairs of the cultural relics. They need to think: What problems can be resolved by repairing, which are not? How to repair may pose a threat to the security of cultural relics, where can I abandon repair? During the repair process, where do I need to use more complicated means and simple operation?

The repair of ancient books is often complicated and long, so there is no clear "dead manuscript" date. Sometimes when encountering a severe cultural relic, repair progress will be very slow. "If it is a puzzle, there is a picture on it, and you can also spell it along the content. But if it is a very broken fragment, it can only determine where it belongs to the color or fracture of the edges of the paper."

For Song Jing, the most afraid of seeing is, "After some books are opened, you will find that there are dozens of worm holes in one page, which will be added to the collapse." Some wormholes are not even large. You need to tear a piece of paper to make up, and you have to replenish it as neat as much as possible. In the evening, Song Jing "dreaming is also revising the ancient books."

A few months ago, Song Jing received the task of the "Lake" document of "Yongle Ceremony", but it has not yet started. The main difficulty is the imitation and decoration of raw materials.

"When most of the" Yongle Ceremony "was passed down, the original decoration would have 'injuries'. So we need to use a lot of information, such as pictures and literature, to make judgments, and then determine how it is decorated with the real object, and then it is determined by the real object. Then In order to repairs it in the original decoration form, "Song Jing said.

Fortunately, with the advancement of science and technology, the restoration of ancient books has also been blessed by new technologies.

The primary purpose of the repair of ancient books is to save longer. The higher the similarity of the original materials and the repair materials, the more aging the two can be consistent, and the better the preservation effect of ancient books. Taking the fiber analysis in repair as an example, Song Jing introduced that the ancients could only use experience to judge what materials the ancient books were used to repair. "Like when I first learned to repair, the teacher would ask us to judge the material of a paper." Fiber analysis can be completed by detecting instruments such as microscope, which is accurate and effort.

Not only that, the detection instrument can analyze the thickness, whiteness and density of the paper. "Now, the repair division can imitate paper with high similarity to the original cultural relics according to the data detection results. The similarity can reach 90%or even approach 100%."

The more ancient books that are restored, Song Jing feels "fun".

In repair, Song Jing sometimes encounters "unexpected surprises". With such a painting, after moist, she found some words in the blue background of the painting. It is roughly about the purpose of the author's painting. After the paper is dry, the handwriting is hidden again. This surprise that can communicate with the ancients often makes her feel excited.

Cultivate talents for cultural relics protection cause

A photo on the beams and pillars of the studio, the restorations inside were full of smiles. Song Jing pointed at one of the teachers and said with a smile: "When she arrived at work, she was like a person, and she was particularly improving. ", She concluded:" A little perfection of ancient books repair divisions. "

There is a large bowl next to Song Jing's station. The white solid -like paste sank at the bottom of the bowl, and the water floats on it. Seeing the reporter curious, she reminded: "Never stir, you can easily save it."

Tuning azai is a art of ancient books. If the sticky stickyness is too poor, the paper will not be sticky; if the stickiness is too strong, the paper is easily wrinkled.

In addition to tuning, the basic skills of the repair of ancient books also include paper cutting, brushing paper, and decoration. Song Jing has learned in school, but it needs to be cooked after repeated operation.

"Ancient book repair requirements for the control of the brush are very high. If the control is not controlled when brushing paper, the paper may be broken; but if it is too light and the paper cannot be sticky. There are many different forms of decoration. How to repair it. "Song Jing said, all of them rely on training.

In the first year, Song Jing's main job was the basic training training and observed the teacher's work habits. For example, the teacher would not put the water cup on the workbench, and would not wear high heels during work. "Teachers will not think that this is a knowledge point that needs to teach you, because they have formed habits, but these occupational habits must develop from scratch to make the habit become natural." Song Jing said with emotion.

The repair of ancient books can generally not be "revoked", and any rearrassment will cause secondary damage to cultural relics. Therefore, every step in the restoration of ancient books must be considered to start, which requires solid basic skills. And a mature ancient book repair division starts from the beginning to the master to do it with the master, to the independent reimbursement project, at least two or three years.

The long Chinese civilization has left the ancient books that are smoky. Most of them need to be repaired to see the day again. Some scrolls have been difficult to open for a long time. Due to the large talent gap, many teachers were returned after retiring and dedicated their lives to the cause of cultural relics.

Knowing the difficulty of talent training, Song Jing also joined the talent training team, walked into the campus to carry out lectures and training with his predecessors, and instructed colleges and universities to send practical students. She hopes to infect more young people and find the love of a lifetime in the "unpopular" profession.

- END -