The World Alzheimer's Day | What can we do in respect for the demented elderly?

This is a disease that seriously endangers the physical and mental health of the elderly and affects the quality of life in late years. This is also a disease that makes the family and society a serious spirit and economic burden -Alzheimer's disease. Since the first discovery and recording of the disease in the world, human beings have struggled with Alzheimer's disease for more than 110 years. September 21 is "World Alzheimer's Day". Although medical scientific and technological workers have been committed to the study of the disease and clinical treatment has made some progress, letting society and the public further realize that they must have more humanistic care for the elderly, giving them respect and patient patience to give them respect and sufficient patience to give them respect and sufficient patience. It is also very important, and this, we still have a long way to go.

There are nearly 10 million patients, 5 times the burden of overcard

I forgot as soon as I took the medicine. I couldn't find the way home when I went out, and her personality became irritable. Sometimes even even my wife and children did not know it. It is all the daily life of Grandpa Zhang.

"My dad has been a tall teacher in college for a lifetime. Now I do nothing, so I still do math topics." The daughter of nearly 70 years teased his dad to play: "Dad, 9+7+6-5 How much is it? "" Equal to 17! "The old man didn't think about it, and the answer blurted out, stunned the reporter at the scene.

Grandpa Zhang's wife told reporters that the old man's memory was particularly good when he was young, and he was unforgettable. However, after retirement, he slowly remembered that he became worse, until he developed until today. "Forgot to say something in front of you, but the past thing is still remembered. He can talk about what he experienced decades ago, and even brought the name of the student, but you can’t remember the breakfast. What. Hey! Fortunately, my body is still tough now, and I can serve him. I can't move any day in the future. What should I do? "The old man said that his face was full of face.

"Grandpa Zhang is suffering from 'Alzheimer's Diseases', which is usually called 'Alzheimer's disease'." Chief Physician Zheng Huifen, director of the Department of Neurology, Jiangsu Province, told reporters about Alzheimer's disease, too much More misunderstandings still exist. People mention it again and again, just use it as a natural phenomenon of human aging. What's more, it is often linked to such shameful vocabulary such as "foolishness", "crazy" and "old -fashioned".

Grandpa Zhang not only forgets, but also has a very strange temper and stubborn personality. He will also get angry at the people around him. The family calls him "old child". "Well during the day, I accompanied him to walk downstairs, visit the park, and bask in the sun. I must keep in separation. The most worried is that at night, I was afraid that he would get up and fell in the middle of the night. "My wife said. Although her daughter came to help take care of her dad every three differences, after all, she was no longer young. She was not in good health in the past seventy -seventh year, and her young grandson had to take care of her, so the burden was not light.

In our country, this is a huge group. Data show that in 2020, there are 15.07 million elderly dementia patients at the age of 60 and above. In China, there are 5 "dementia" patients over the age of 60, and as the average life expectancy of my country's population increases, there are about 300,000 new cases per year. Alzheimer's disease causes a total of 1140.6 billion yuan per year, which is 5 times that of the cancer economy burden.

"Old confused" is not for granted

"Patients with Alzheimer's disease may just forget about important dating or activities." Mu Xiaodong, deputy chief physician of the Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, said that with the development of the disease, patients will feel that reading will become extremely difficult; they will even do it. There are some things that ordinary people are unshase, such as putting things in an inappropriate place, putting the iron in the refrigerator, or putting the watch in a bowl ...

Mu Xiaodong said that many people think that dementia is not a disease, but for granted that people are old, and confusion is normal. Some people think that dementia is a shameful thing. Many patients and their families are unwilling to face this issue. Controlling basic diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease can help reduce the incidence of Alzheimer's disease. In addition, exercise more, maintaining a happy mood, and reducing the incidence of the disease.

There is still lack of research on the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, and the specific cause is not very clear. Most studies believe that the degeneration of its brain nervous system is closely related. It also has a certain relationship with gender, age and genetic. Generally speaking, the higher the age, the higher the incidence, and the more women are more than men. Zheng Huifen said that Alzheimer's disease can actually be prevented, at least it can be delayed and slowed down. For example, when you are young, you can control the "three highs" and ensure that sleep can reduce the opportunity of Alzheimer's disease.

"Without the health of blood vessels without the health of the brain, you can avoid or slow down the occurrence of dementia. The increase in the same type of cysteine ​​in the blood is also susceptible to the disease." Zheng Huifen said, in addition, psychological factors can also lead to dementia. Some elderly people are easily "dementia" after being hit by puppets and cheating. The prevalence of dementia at the age of 60 and above is about 6.0%. For decades, scientists around the world have been committed to the study of the disease. It has been proposed that the cognitive obstacles that "may transform into dementia" through early identification and intervention are expected to block or slow down the occurrence of dementia. Sports and brain activity, brain trauma, sleep, depression, decreased hearing, and less social activities are considered to be a risk factor for cognitive disorder intervention.

The number of professional institutions is small, and there are fewer patients with Alzheimer's disease. This label means that they are gradually losing their ability to take care of themselves. Data show that 38.21%of patients in my country are partially dependent on the care of others, while 36.48%of patients are completely dependent on others. Half of them are taken care of by their same old daughters, and the rest are taken care of by their children or other relatives.

"Due to the insufficient public cognition and the particularity of the disease, the number of care institutions of Alzheimer's disease professional care institutions is very small, and social careers such as nurses and nanny are also facing huge gaps." In addition to the general care in daily life, special care in safety, mental illness and psychological are needed.

"There are 22 dementia old people in our hospital, and most of them are dementia caused by Alzheimer's disease." Tang Rulian, deputy dean of Boji Elderly Apartment, Quanshan District, Xuzhou City, said that some elderly people can walk and walk, and It is a better situation to eat and express the need for urination by yourself. Some elderly people have lost their exercise ability, and they have a long -term bed with nasal feeding. This puts forward higher requirements for nurses. "Many demented elderly people will accompany the mental problems. They do not sleep or sleep for a short time at night. They will not only consume great consumption of themselves, but also consume the energy of the nursing staff."

Tang Rulian noticed that when many family members sent the elderly, they said, "I can't stand it anymore", "The nanny I asked at home have run away." It's not easy.

Tang Rulian mentioned that, unlike the vibrant elderly, the labor cost of care demented elderly people is quite high. The proportion of nurses and elderly people is 1 to 2 or 1 to 3, and the elderly institutions have increased a lot of operating costs. In addition, the care of the elderly is also very difficult. Many elderly people have not fully lost their ability to move, but it is easy to walk and fall, and the risk of falling or fractures is very high. "The emotions of many elderly people are also unstable, and the situation of irritability, attacking others or self -injury occur, and it has a lot of care difficulty."

Many elderly people can only be "managed" at home in the early stages of illness, and it is difficult to get professional care. There are a total of 10 pension institutions in Quanshan District, but only one of the Boji Elderly Apartments has 50 dementia beds in dementia. "Many institutions have no partition management. In fact, they are not good for the demented and vibrant elderly people."

Li Lun, an elderly apartment nursing at the Boji elderly apartment, watched the three -year -old dementia in his 80s in 24 hours. One was in bed and two barely left. She lived with the three old people. These elderly people often get up in the middle of the night and have little sleep. Whenever this time, Li Lun will get up and coax them to sleep for a while. Every day is almost bright every day, you need to help the elderly dress and wash, take them to eat, and do some finger exercises and activities during the day.

What impressed Li Lun was a grandma Zhang who had taken care of for nearly four years. At first, Grandma Zhang's son took the initiative to separate with her daughter -in -law and lived in her grandmother Zhang's house. After two years of persistence, her condition developed to her son. Unable to take care of it, you can only send it to the institution. "These family members are not easy, and there are very few such sons." Li Lun said.

Respecting the demented elderly requires the support of the social system

Everyone will be old, and every family has an elderly person. Alzheimer's disease is essentially an elderly degenerative disease. Experts said that they should give enough policy care, humanistic care, and social system support to this sick group. We tomorrow.

"In the process of career caregivers for the elderly caregiver, it should not be centered on tasks. For example, the mechanical processing care of meals must be eaten at the point. There is a quality of life. "Cao Jiawei, teacher of the School of Pension Service and Management of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, noticed that whether it is a family or institution, when you care for Alzheimer's sick elderly, he often has" I am good for you "and" coax children " "The mentality instead of the elderly to do various things. Cao Jiawei suggested that in the case of ensuring the safety of the patient, he encouraged him to have independent choices in the scope of power and perception permitted.

For the family or caregivers of Alzheimer's disease, they often bear greater psychological pressure and dilemma. "We can always hear on the plane. Before helping others wearing oxygen masks, we must wear our own oxygen mask first. With the caregiver, this principle is also universal." If the quality is not good, it will eventually lead to great psychological pressure. At the same time, your own life, work, and social operations will have an indirect impact, and you should pay more attention to the health of the caregiver.

How to make Alzheimer's patients live more quality? "Because each patient's disease course is different, it is difficult to establish large institutions and projects from a social level, which is suitable for everyone. Only by reducing the loss rate of nursing staff, strengthening the training of emotional communication skills of nursing staff, and providing individualized services for the elderly. "Cao Jiawei said that social workers and nursing majors are not only aimed at the elderly. The elderly majors are relatively lacking in the country. How to combine majors with pension issues is still in its infancy, and there are more problems to be solved.

Xinhua Daily · Jiaojiao Reporter Zhong Chongshan Wang Tian Jiang Mingrui

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