The exposure of the metal environment is about food safety.

There is such a plot in the TV series "Happiness to Wanjia" a few days ago. Many children of Shuiwei Village repeatedly became sick. Doctors diagnosed blood lead poisoning.

Lead is a heavy metal with a wide range of uses and highly toxicity, which can cause pollution to the environment, and further cause poisoning by inhaling or digestive tract intake and skin contact in the human respiratory tract. For example, people drinking water contaminated with lead and daily necessities with exceeding lead content may cause poisoning.

"Many metal elements exist in environmental media such as atmosphere, water, and soil around us." Zhao Xiuge, an expert in the China Institute of Environmental Sciences, told reporters.

Since the relationship between metal is so closely related to us, how should we make a profit and avoid harm?

The total exposure of the metal environment is mainly dietary

The total environmental exposure level shows obvious regions, urban and rural, gender and age differences

The reporter learned that in order to understand the total exposure level of the metal environment of our residents, to obtain the contribution ratio of the exposure media, clarify the preferential prevention and control order of various pollutants in environmental management, to revise the base health benchmark, carry out precise prevention and control of pollution, and determine the environmental environment. Health risk management focuses on providing a basis. The former Ministry of Environmental Protection included the overall exposure of the crowd environment and incorporated into the "National Environmental Protection" Thirteenth Five -Year Plan "environment and health work plan.

Recently, the reporter was informed that under the guidance of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Chinese Institute of Environmental Sciences has completed the first "study of the general exposure of the metal environment of the typical residents" in my country and formed a series of results.

So, what is always exposed?

In fact, the total exposure of the metal environment is a total of the environmental exposure. The total environmental exposure refers to the total amount of pollutants in a medium in the media such as air, drinking water, soil, and dietary medium exposed by the human digestive tract, respiratory tract, and skin, which reflects the level of multi -media, the level of exposure and multi -channel exposure of crowd pollutants, and multi -channel exposure levels and multi -channel exposure levels. The contribution ratio is a comprehensive indicator of the characteristics of the exposure media concentration and the environmental exposure of the crowd.

"Exposure is actually the meaning of contact. By studying the concentration, distribution of metal in the environmental medium, and the situation of people in contact with them, we can obtain the characteristic value of the crowd. Human behavior mode is to achieve the effect of morality and avoidance. "Zhao Xiuge pointed out.

According to reports, the Chinese Institute of Environmental Sciences chose a typical area in the six major regions in my country, and the urban residents and rural residents of mercury, cadmium, arsenic, lead, chromium, copper, nickel, iron, aluminum, crickets, selenium, selenium, and selenium, and selenium, and selenium, and selenium,, selenium, selenium, selenium, selenium, and selenium, The environment of 15 elements such as manganese, silver, and 种 has been studied.

"The general exposure of the environmental exposure of the metal metal in the region is jointly affected by factors such as the natural and social environment and the environment of the crowd environment. The total environmental exposure medium is mainly diet, and the food we eat comes from the environment. Most of the crops come from soil planting, and aquatic creatures come from water bodies. The pollutants contain these foods directly or indirectly from soil and water bodies. And environmental media such as atmosphere. Therefore, in a sense, the level of pollutant levels in diet is a comprehensive representation of pollutant levels in environmental media such as soil, water and gas. "

It is understood that because the meal is the main medium of the general exposure of the residents' environment of various countries, food safety is also an area that focuses on the major environmental exposure research process of various countries.

How to correctly look at the total level of exposure of the metal environment?

Metal elements are good or bad for the human body, not as long as metal entering the human body will cause diseases

Things have two sides, as well as metal. Although metal exposure exceeds the human body's acceptable limit, it will bring health hazards, but some metals are also necessary trace elements for maintaining some functions of the human body. There are 14 essential trace elements confirmed by the World Health Organization.

Among the 15 elements of the total exposure of metal environment in my country, in addition to 7 elements of mercury, cadmium, arsenic, lead, aluminum, silver, and 钡, other elements are the essential trace elements of the human body.

"The reasonable intake of trace elements necessary for the human body can not only effectively improve the body's immunity, maintain the metabolism and body function of the body, but also reduce the occurrence of certain diseases. At present, the selenium -rich rice and zinc -rich peanuts on the market are more popular. "Zhao Xiuge introduced that the in -depth excavation of the beneficial metal elements and activity in the soil can help achieve the value conversion of ecological products.

Zhao Xiuge told reporters: "We have obtained the general exposure characteristics of the 15 elements of Chinese residents, and initially understood the base value of the total exposure of the metal environment of the residents of our country. Preventing ecological environment risks, improving the quality of ecological environment, ensuring the health of the people, and promoting the construction of beautiful China, and realizing the harmonious symbiosis of human and nature is of great significance. "

What should we do to avoid harmful effects?

Strengthen the management at the entire process at the source, process control, and end governance

In order to avoid metal pollution, my country has strengthened management at the source of the source, process control, and end governance, such as the combination of water pollution, soil pollution, air pollution prevention and control, motor vehicle pollution prevention and control, tailings and heavy metal pollution prevention and control. Get up for collaborative control, continuously improve the monitoring and supervision system, improve the emission standards, encourage supporting related technologies to continuously develop, and achieve positive results in the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution.

However, the relevant person in charge of the Department of Solid waste and chemicals of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment introduced that the situation with unreasonable layout in my country's key industries and the low level of governance have not yet changed. In order to further strengthen the control of heavy metal pollutants and effectively prevent and control the risks of heavy metal environment, in March of this year, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued the "Opinions on Further Strengthening the Prevention and Control of Heavy Metal Pollution", and The focus of prevention and control proposes requirements, and also proposes to use classified management methods to improve the management system of heavy metal pollutants, strict access, optimize the structure and layout of heavy metal industry, highlight the key points, deepen the control of heavy metal pollution in key industries, implement responsibilities, promote information disclosure of information disclosure Co -govern with society.

According to the research of the Chinese Academy of Environmental Sciences, in order to reduce the impact of the exposure of the metal environment on human health and ecological environment, it should be based on the results of the overall exposure of the residents' environmental exposure to carry out the formulation and revision of the environmental health benchmark. At the same time, in the process of formulating relevant environmental standards and precision pollution prevention and control measures, the regional differences that reflect the general exposure of the residents' environmental environment; and the environmental management work system orientation of health risk prevention and control should be established; Health risk prevention awareness and improve the level of citizens' environmental health literacy.

"It is also important to continue to develop related pollution control technology. If you can further reduce the activity of metal in the soil through high -efficiency passivation materials, and achieve long -term metal elements in the soil." Zhao Xiuge pointed out that at present, reducing metal biological activity, new development of new types of research and development There have been good progress in many fields such as degradation materials and special equipment. For example, the key technical system of soil heavy metal pollution control such as soil -eximedation of soil -washing materials has been built, and construction land, agricultural land, etc. Under the situation of exposure, it has been applied to the field of pollution land "while production and restoration" has achieved certain economic benefits.

Source: China Environment

Author: Qiao Jianhua

【Source: China Environment】

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