Quanlin Tanhua 说 Liu said to win money (tenth) The sustainable money of the Sui and Tang dynasties

In February 581 AD, the Emperor Jingdi of the Northern Zhou Dynasty made it to the prime minister Yang Jian, and the Northern Zhou died. Yang Jianding's country name "Sui", Dingdu Daxingcheng (now Xi'an, Shaanxi Province). In 589, the Da Sui watched south, destroyed the last dynasty of the Southern Dynasties, which had been separated for a long time, Chen Dynasty, and unified China. The Sui Dynasty was one of the greatest dynasties in Chinese history and one of the strongest times in China recognized in the world. At this time, the Chinese Empire Guotai people, the economic prosperity, the prosperity of the culture, the prosperity of the culture, the stability of the society, the sharp hukou, the rapid increase in the field, the accumulation of full accumulation, the stronger soldiers, the vulgarity, and the vulgarity. The vast and magnificent of the Great Sui Rural areas surpassed all the previous dynasties. According to the "Zizhi Tongjian" records: "It is the world in the world that there are 1,90 counties in the world, 1,255 counties, and 89 million households in the world. Strange. East -west is 9,300 miles, 14,815 miles north and south.

Yang Jian

However, the foundation of the Sui Dynasty only lasted for 37 years. By 617, Li Yuan rebelled in Taiyuan. The following year, Emperor Sui Gong was forced to Zen. Gao Zu's second son, Qin Wang Li Shimin's military can be prominent. After flattening the heroes, he launched the Xuanwu Gate in 626. He killed Prince Li Jiancheng and Qi Wang Li Yuanji to control Changan. Li Yuan knew the situation, so Zen made the emperor and became the emperor. Li Shimin succeeded, namely Tang Taizong. After Li Shimin was the emperor, he governed the world with the world, naked, saved it, persuaded the farm and mulberry, so that the people could rest and recuperate. Guotai Min'an appeared in the governance situation of politics, economic recovery, and cultural prosperity. The governance of Zhenguan.

Li Yuan

Li Shimin

During the Sui and Tang dynasties, especially the Tang Dynasty, the economy was greatly developed, the society was stable, and the country came to the DPRK. Against such a large society, the prosperity of culture is possible.

The Sui Dynasty enjoyed the country for 37 years, and it flashed in the long history. Whether the Sui Dynasty has been cast over and wins the money, from the historical records and existing objects, there is no conclusive evidence.

Xi'an Hejia Village Cellar and Ancient Coins in the past and other countries

On October 5, 1970, a Tang Dynasty cellar was found in Xinghuafang, Tang Chang'an, south of Xi'an, Shaanxi. The favorite utensil has a silver tank of plain noodles with more than 400 coins in the can. There are cloth coins used in South Korea during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, knife coins used by Qi Kingdom, half of the Qin Dynasty, five baht in the Han Dynasty, coins during the Wang Mang period, and the straight and five baht of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. , Six Bahba money, and Kaiyuan Tongbao money in the Tang Dynasty. In addition, there are East Roman gold coins, Persian silver coins, and so on. Among them, Gold and Silver Kaiyuan Tongbao is similar to today's commemorative currency, not currency for circulation. When the Tang Dynasty celebrated the "New Year's money", it was called "Nianyu" in the Tang Dynasty. Give "Nianyu" to give jade or money. When Tang Xuanzong's birthday, he will also sprinkle money down in Chengtianmen. In the canned coins of Hejia Village, there was a gilt gold and Yongan five men who won the money.

Author Tibetan Northern Wei Gong Jin Yong'an five men overwhelmed money

Shaanxi calendar Hojia Village unearthed Tang 鎏 Jin Yong'an five men overwhelmed money

Hejia Village Cellar Tibetan Noodle Silver Silver Bar

This kind of Yong'an five men's text, one side of the four spiritual patterns overwhelming money, the source is earlier than the Tang Dynasty, so this Yongan five men's money should be imitated. In the early days of Yongan's five men, the money should be cast in the Wei and Jin dynasties. It is characterized by large and thick, and the production is more exquisite. However, the five men's money made in the Tang Dynasty has been thin and light and shallower than the same kind of money in the Wei and Jin dynasties, but it shows that since the Tang Dynasty, the money began to cast and produced, at least popular in the royal and society. The gold, the gold, and the silver of the reward, the money of the lottery, and the silver also have the nature of overwhelming money.

Shaanxi calendar Hojia Village unearthed Tang Jin Kaiyuan Tongbao money

Author Tibetan Silver Kaiyuan Tongbao Money

The winning money of the Cowherd Weaver Girl's Pattern is a more important type of winning money in the Tang Dynasty.

"On the right Qixi money, the old spectrum is four points, weighing thirteen baht, the meat is Zhou Guo, the text (pattern) is the opposite shape of the glory and weaving, put on the flower, put it as a grass, and the system is very ancient. Quality, Li Xiaomei said that the owner is not good. "

Fascinating

Hong Zun is "Quan Zhi"

Seeing Qixi Qixi has a few types of light back, back and backflowers, and the front is two characters through each other, and the cowherd embraces the right side of the right; The upper and lower jewelry has the prevalence of peony and lotus, which is also the evidence of Buddhism.

The five generations of the post -Tang poet Yang Yan said: "If you don't have the bull, you must invite the weaving woman to get the golden shuttle.

Tang Qixi won money

Tang Qixi Back Flower Flower Tattoo Money

Tang Qixi Guangguang back money

Tang Qixi carried money

When I compiled the "Chinese Coin Dictionary Win Money", I included four different types of "cowboy weaver" money. The burden of holding a bang is a cowboy, and the weaver girl with a slightly shy arms. The designer may be accustomed to watching the history of the male officials and women in the palace. When creating, they are used as a model. This male and female protagonist is a big belly. It is like a farmer who is engaged in the crops and the weaver of the mulberry, but this is the true record of the ancients.

Western Han Morning Girl Statue Statue in the Shanglinyuan site of Xi'an

The Western Han Dynasty Shanglin Garden ruins have found two statues of glory and weaver. The locals are called Shi Gongshi. In the past, it was considered that the cattle and weaving girls turned into myths in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and now it is shaped by the Chi Xi Han. The story of the Cowherd Weaver Girl is a myth, which is not so much myth. It is better to entrust folk young men and women's desire for free love and marriage, so it has the most extensive mass foundation. Qian Qianqian created the precedent of expressing the characters on the overwhelming money, so it is of great significance in the history of overwhelming money.

Author Zangtang supports people money

The Tang Dynasty was the heyday of Buddhism. Buddhist beliefs appeared on the coins logically. Xianghua supported money was a more representative of them. Sitting posture, each of which holds flower branches, and wearing flowers below, it is also decorated with flowers, which means fragrant flowers, and the back of the face is wide and exquisite. This Tangzhu's fragrant flower supporting money is the predecessor of the incense flowers prevailed in the Song Dynasty.

Author Tibetan East of the West East of the Tang Dynasty, the East of the East of the East Hegong Qian

He also appeared in the Tang Dynasty with He Shouqian with the Queen Mother of the West and the East King as the protagonist. The fairy cranes and the spirit turtles are symbols of longevity, so this money is obviously the cultural connotation of longevity. This is also the pioneer of the immortal He's life money prevailing in the Song Dynasty. This money is exquisitely regular and rare.

Tang Qi Jin Kaiyuan Tongbao engraved money

There is a Tang generation, and the carving money has risen quietly. In the border Guo and money part of the money, the patterns are described by line drawing. The themes are mostly related to Buddhism. Qianyuan Chongbao's money often shows a phenomenon of portrayal patterns in the curtain. Most of them are the subjects of male love and women. They use line drawing methods. The strokes are extremely delicate, accurate, vivid and vivid. There is no different, it is a kind of aesthetic fashion at the time. This kind of money has been separated from the practical significance of currency and should also be attributed to the category of overwhelming money.

This kind of carving money we can see now is quite exquisite from the level of production, not rude, or the rise of the drama. Therefore, this kind of portrayal of money may be specially made, so it should be deserved to should All kinds of society needs.

In the Tang Dynasty, there was also a kind of Kaiyuan Tongbao and Changping five baht Kuan Guo Huaqian money. The pattern elements on the money were very close to the style of the copper mirror of the same era.

Tang Kaiyuan Tongbao butterfly pattern

Tang Changping's five baht butterfly pattern

Tanghua 鸾 Phoenix pattern bronze

The Qian Yuanzhongbao money cast in the Tang Dynasty also saw a secret drama money. On the front is Qianyuan Chongbao's four money, and there were four secrets of men and women on the back, which were made in the form of high relief.

Tang Qianyuan Chongbao's Money Money

The appearance of secret drama money is also a variety of influence on future generations. After the Tang Dynasty, from the Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, the casting of the secret drama money has not stopped.

In the late Tang Dynasty, some of the previously fought about Qianwen's money, such as Kuan Guo Da Kai Yuan Tongbao Bai Dragon and Phoenix Money, the shape of the dragon and phoenix is ​​simple and refined, the front is wide Guo, the back of the back is narrow, and the dragon and phoenix pattern is made in the form of high relief. More common.

Five Dynasties Kuan Guo Da Kai Yuan Tongbao Back Dragon Phoenix Money

There are also two types of Zhou Yuantongbao's backlogs and phoenixes, which are made of high relief carving.

Five Dynasties Zhou Yuantong Bao Bai Dragon and Phoenix Money

Zhou Yuanqian's overwhelming money varieties also saw the story of Qian Qian at the high relief week. Zhou Chuzhe also called Zhou Jian to kill the magpies. From the Southern Song Dynasty Liu Yiqing's "New Words of the World · Self -New", it was about a young man called Zhou Ji. When he was young, he was fierce and powerful. Harmony in the countryside. Coupled with the dragon in the Yixing River, the tigers on the mountain, the people are harmed together, and the local people are called the three harms, and the Zhou Dynasty is regarded as the first harm. Later, some people deliberately slashed the tiger and dragon at the Zhou Dynasty, hoping that they would do their best. I did not expect that Zhou went up the mountain to kill the tiger, and went down the river to kill the dragon. , Celebrate each other. Unexpectedly, Zhou finally killed the dragon and returned safely. He heard that people in the villagers celebrated each other and thought that they had died. Only then did they realize that they had been treated as a scourge like a tiger dragon. Therefore, repentance was new. So he went to Wu County to go to the university, Lu Ji and Lu Yun brothers. At that time, Lu Ji was not there, and when he saw Lu Yun, he told Lu Yun and said that he wanted to correct his mistake, but I'm afraid he was too late, and there would be no achievements in his life. Lu Yun said: Confucius said that he had heard the way, and he died in the evening! People are afraid that they will not be ambitious, and your future is very promising. Zhou was changed from the new, and eventually became a loyal minister. Zhou's self -inspirational story has a huge impact on future generations. Until today, the Peking Opera stage is still performing "Three Harm", and it is all famous. Moving this story to the coin also created the precedent of inspirational categories.

Five Dynasties Zhou Yuantongbao Back Zhou Chu Money

By the way, Zhou Yuantongbao is still a legendary ancient money. Zhou Yuantongbao was the most cast in the Five Dynasties and the most refined quality. It began to cast in the second year of Zhou Shizong (AD 955) in the later Zhou Zhou Shizong. Related to the Buddha statue. In the evening of the Five Dynasties of the Late Tang Dynasty, the economic stagnation, the economic stagnation, and the lack of copper materials, and the casting of money became a big problem. money. This move was strongly opposed by Buddhists and some courtiers, but Chai Rong moved out of the allusions of Buddhism to feed tigers, saying that since the younger son of the past king of Shakyamuni, the child of the king of the past world, the young man, the young man of the king of the world. In the urgency, if the Buddha is here today, this kind of thing that is good at the world will be as good as the real body of the year, let alone some bronze statues. What is it a pity? Everyone has nothing to say. Later generations turned into money with the dedication of the bronze Buddha by the millennium incense, and it was rumored that Zhou Yuantongbao had a relationship with the Buddha. This kind of attachment will spread to the more and more, and even think that Zhou Yuantong can cure all diseases. For example, the Qing Dynasty Wang Yan's "Autumn Lantern" contains: In the early years of Shunzhi, Xiaogan had a disease malaria. Someone picked up a Zhou Yuantongbao in ancient money, and he became healed. The value of meta -value rose to consistent. The book "Book Shadow" also said that the woman holds this money in hand, which can be cured and produced. There is also a kind of Cuju money in the late Tang Dynasty, which is very rare in winning money. This money is cast with high relief methods. It has a good copper, exquisite production, and deep -back. Three Cuju people and a "Ju" ball were arranged on all sides of the money. The ground is decorated with a tattoo. These three people are slightly fatter, and they know they are the nobles of the princes. The three of them have played a multiplayer game. From the perspective of the characters on the copper coins, it also shows that the campaign of Cuju is not among ordinary people. Popularity. Cuju Qian has rarely passed on to the world, less than bronze mirrors.

Author Tibetan Night Tang Cuju Qian

Cuju Qian Tuo

Tang Hao painted Han, Tang, Yuan Cuju diagram

According to the "Warring States Policy · Qi Gu" and "Historical Records of the Biography of Su Qin" records: more than 300 BC on the Cuju activity: "... Linzi is very rich, and the people have played drums and played the piano. Fighting chickens and walking dogs, six Bo Cuju. "Cuju was also called playing in the old name. Cuju was its ancient name and a game played by the ancients. "Hanshu · Yi Wen Zhi" has "Cuju Jing", which shows that its drama is very old. In "The Biography of History · Huo Yan", Sima Qian also introduced Ju's production method: "July opera takes the skin, and the internal reality is used." It is solid and durable. In the late Tang Dynasty, an inflatable ball appeared, and the ball was sewed with multiple pieces of skin, which was inflated inside. On the famous Southern Song Cupa Mirror, there are faintly visible block sutures on the ball played by a man and a woman. The emergence of inflatable balls is a major development of ancient Chinese football.

The Cuju activities of the Han Dynasty have been standardized. First, the professional book "Cuju" appeared, which is the earliest football professional book in my country and the world's first sports professional book; the second is to form a professional competition rules.

Cuju arrived in the Sui and Tang dynasties and appeared on the court. "Sui and Tang Dynasties": "Attach the horse Yang Shen to the ground to build the stadium." "Tang Shu · Liu Wu Biography": "That is, the migration army Shandong opened the stadium." Cuju is more than the spring, and the cold food festival is the most prosperous. Bai Juyi has a poem: "You can't afford the dust of the ball, the fire is sunny." It is for evidence. "Things" said: "The ball, the two played against each other, the three -person kick kicked as the officialdom, and the club was called a club.

In the Song Dynasty, Cuju game appeared. "Five Lantern Festival Yuan": "Shimen Yun: 'Mo Lai stops me." "Song History · Li Zhi": "Playing the ball, the army in the army, the Taizong Ling has the instrument. There are divisions of the land, the vertical wood is the goal, Gao Zhangyu, the first moment of the golden dragon, down the stone lotus seat, and the performance. Dragon Guan Splendid's clothing holds Ge Shu, Zhou Wei Stadium. "At this point, Cuju game is very similar to modern football. The goal, goalkeeper, and referees of scores are already available.

In short, compared with the Han Dynasty, the Five Dynasties of the Sui and Tang Dynasties were much less than that of the money, but many of them belonged to the pioneering, such as Qixi money, Buddhist support money, and Queen's east prince He Shouqian. It has a direct impact on the later Song Dynasty fairy Buddha's money. Gao relief production methods also directly impact on the craftsmanship of later Song, Liao, and Jin.

Note: The picture part comes from the "Chinese Coin Dictionary Win Money" and the author's own collection. Part of the adoption from the Internet, thank you here!

About the Author

Liu Chunsheng, a cultural scholar, pseudonym Qi Geng, the owner of Yi Zhai and Hanfengtang. Member of the Chinese Writers Association, former member of the Chinese Coin Society and member library, member of the executive director and expert committee of the Beijing Coin Society, and a member of the "China Coin Dictionary" compilation committee and editor -in -chief. He is the novel "Tian Yu", the cultural prose collection "Exploration Flower Collection", "Love Luliang Mountain", monograph "Ancient Chinese Hollow Capital Capital Appreciation", and "Hundred Money". The editor -in -chief published the first "China Coin Dictionary · Winning Money Editor", published more than 1.5 million words in literature and academic articles. Original public account "Culture History。".

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This article has been published by the author authorized Leyi Association

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