The century -old relationship between Huaiyin and the Railway

In China's urban area, it is so closely related to the construction of the railway. Huaiyin District, Jinan City is very prominent.

At Huaicun Street, Jinan City, it is the place where the century -old factory -the railway factory is located. This factory is no longer a factory in a simple sense. It has become a landmark in Jinan. The name "railway factory" has become a symbol.

The railway factory was founded by Jinan since the business port was opened. It provides maintenance services for locomotives. It is the modern industrial facility at the western end of the commercial port. There are many century -old precious buildings and other heavy industrial symbols in the factory area. This has become a "living cultural relic" that is difficult to find and cannot be copied in Jinan.

In addition to the large manufacturers of all ages, the old buildings and equipment in the factory area can really witness the century -old storm. From the east gate to the railway factory, there are three century -old buildings with exotic mood from the east to west, all of which are German Gothic architectural styles. The first front and side lines are simple and very simple; the second one looks much more gorgeous. It is said that it is the first factory director and the German humanitarian Gamili apartment, so it is strong whether the appearance and internal structure and decoration are strong. German art atmosphere. The most majestic and most beautiful is the three -story small building that is not far from the east gate of the big factory. The temperament makes the entire building dynamic. Walking in, an old -fashioned train displayed by display will reminiscent of that time, and the train from the Jiaodong Peninsula will bring more than the humid sea breeze.

In the Jinan Commercial Port Museum at 370 Fourth Road, there are data records. After the Opium War, the Qing government and Western powers signed the "Nanjing Treaty". Trade has made China a place of dumping of Western powers. Since then, every China and the West signed an important treaty, China has been forced to open several ports for business. Because the treaty port was forced to open in the case of suffering from Western powers, it was originally seen by the Chinese as a symbol of mourning and humiliation, and it was a harmful thing to China. However, with the rapid development of the treaty cities and the prosperity of Chinese and foreign trade, people have a more comprehensive and objective understanding of the treaty port. In the process of foreign exchanges, some enlightened people began to refuse from the past simple row, and turned to realize that the port of business was "half -fidelity" for China, and even "benefits greater than disadvantages." With the extension of the time for business, the folk customs are greatly opened, and people gradually realize that in the face of the powers of the tiger, only China can only take the initiative to open a port to restore the rights and then promote the prosperity of the country.

However, the direct movement of Jinan's port opening lies in the completion of the Jiaoji Railway.

In May 1904, the Jiaoji Railway built by Germany based on the Treaty of Jiao'ao Concession is about to be completed. Chinese insight -sighted people soberly aware that the convenience of German forces will borrow the convenience of railways and expand from Jiaoyao to the hinterland of Shandong. How to preserve sovereignty and take the initiative has become an important major issue facing the local authorities of Shandong. At that time, the Qing court issued a decree from the opening of the commercial port. Shandong governor Zhou Yan and the then Minister of the Beiyang and Governor of the Beiyang and Governor Yuan Shikai discussed in Jinan to open the port. Open a business port. On March 16th of the 30th year of Guangxu (May 1, 1904), one month before the Jiaoji Railway was opened to traffic, Yuan Shikai and Zhou Yan co -named "to find out the situation of Shandong, please open the commercial port." The original memorial was said: "It is found that the Shandong coastal business port is found to the Yantai place. Since the rented Jiaoao in Germany in the 24th year of Guangxu, Qingdao builds a dock and builds the railway. Instantly open the Jinzhen Railway to connect the road of Jiaoji. Jinan is the Yellow River Xiaoqinghe Wharf, and now it is a two -way hub. The terrain is more convenient. The opening of the port of Sandu Aao and Hunan Yuezhou Prefecture was opened to open the port outside the Jinan City in order to benefit from Chinese and foreign and salty. " At the same time, "It is intended to use Weixian and Zhoucun as a commercial port as a business port, as Jinan division, and more business." After the memorial was hit, just two weeks, on the first day of April (May 15), the Foreign Affairs Department was folded, and the Qing court approved the opening of the three places. At this point, Jinan's port opening is officially performed.

It is not difficult for us to see that the opening of the three places such as Jinan was secretly operated in the early days. From the invitation to the Qing court for approval, it was only half a month before and after. The means of the Qing court and the Shandong authorities were amazing. At that time, the Oriental Magazine founded by the Commercial Press commented on this issue, "Germany has admitted to the interests of the entire province of Shandong and repeatedly requested power from the Beijing government. Its harm, then three places in Jinan, Weixian, and Zhoucun Town were used as commercial ports. The gods of their means are fast. "

After Jinan's port was allowed, the Shandong authorities actively planned the opening of the port, and the construction of various items also began. In July 1904, the General Administration of Commercial Port of the Jinan was established to manage the engineering, real estate, industry and commerce administration, taxation, public security and other affairs in the commercial port boundaries in Jinan. The establishment of branches in Weixian and Zhoucun has both affairs.

In order to build the newly opened port into a new city with a carefully planned and civilized and orderly civilization, the 31st year of Guangxu (1905), the Shandong authorities and the Jinan Commercial Port General Administration formulated the "Jinan Commercial Port and other places and other places in Yuezhou, Qinhuangdao and other places. "Constitution", "Jinan Commercial Port Rental Construction Articles of Association", "Articles of Association of Jinan Commercial Port Patrol" and "Jinan Commercial Port Buying Articles of Industry" are extremely detailedly regulated. Especially in terms of construction planning, it is highly based on the railway trend to open up the new commercial port area, divided Jinan into two parts: the old urban area and the new commercial port. The urban pattern has undergone fundamental changes. The Shangbu District is located outside the west gate of the old city of Jinan, the Ten Kings Temple in the east (formerly Jinpu Road Hotel in the northern end of Weiyi Road), the west to Beida Huaihu (now the east of the 12th Road of the Weishi), and the south along Changqing Avenue Nearby), more than 4,000 acres of land to the south of the Jiaoji Railway north are classified as commercial port areas, which are divided into four districts: Fu, Lu, Shou, and Xi. There are Huayang Trade Office, China Business Office, Stacking Office, Western Housing Houses, Consular Settlement Office, and gardens, vegetable markets, barracks, etc., and Chinese businessmen and Chinese businessmen are rented in the boundary to build house stack houses. The articles of association are the design of the port opening system. One of the important contents is to particularly emphasize the autonomy of the port: the "all rights of the Jinan commercial port belong to China, and outsiders are not allowed to interfere." Sovereignty, "strict restrictions, shall not be established by outsiders." It shows that my country's administrative and judicial management rights in the business port are not affected by any foreign interference and restrictions, reflecting the awareness of ethnic sovereignty under the policies of the opening of the port. In the "Charter of the Rental Construction of Jinan Commercial Port", further emphasized that in Jinan Commercial Port, the concession is not allowed to be divided, and the land lease system is canceled. Full. The government can buy it back after the expiration of 60 years. This guarantees all the sovereignty of the country to land. It can be seen from the above that Jinan's business port can be regarded as the "new economic development zone" at that time. This franchise model not only avoids the loss of national interest, but also is conducive to the development of regional socio -economic.

According to the old workers, the Jinan Machine Factory was officially constructed in 1910. At that time, the official factory was called "Jinan Railway Bureau Jinan Machine Factory", which was managed by Germans. Because the factory is located in Daihuashuzhuang in the western suburbs of Jinan, at that time, regardless of the factory outside the factory, it was accustomed to the factory as the "big locust tree factory". It is said that there is a lush century -old locust tree in the center of the site. At that time, the German engineer came to Jinan for exploration when the locust tree blossomed. He saw that the blooming old locust tree was very excited, and immediately laid the first benchmark for the construction of the factory near the old locust tree. By April 1, 1943, when the tree branches were leafy, the Jinan Railway Bureau Jinan Machine Factory was completed and put into operation. At that time, the total area of ​​the factory area was more than 570,000 square meters, and the total area of ​​the plant was more than 30,000 square meters. There were 411 workers. In terms of scale or equipment configuration, compared to the Puzhen Plant and Tianjin Plant built in the same period, Winning. After the factory was completed, the Germans were managed by the Germans. The main person in charge came from Germany, and all the machines in the factory explained that they were German, and the workers could not understand it at all. But with the tough personality of the big locust tree, they supported the backbone of the railway factory, occupying the leading position of the locomotive repair industry in that era. At the beginning of the factory, the monthly repair capacity was three steam locomotives, two passenger cars, and 10 trucks. It was the largest factory in Jinan in the early 20th century. Since then, the name "Railway Factory" has also shouted in Jinan folk, and it is a century.

Indeed, this large factory is no longer a factory in a simple sense, and it has become a landmark in Jinan. During the century, the large factory was renamed more than ten times. Jinan Machine Factory, Jinpu Railway Administration Machine Factory, Jinan Railway Factory, East China Railway Management Administration Jinan Factory, Jinan Railway Bureau Jinan Factory, Jinan locomotive and vehicle repair plant, Ministry of Railway Jinan locomotive factory, Jinan locomotive and vehicle factory ... After the eye -catching clouds, it changes with the advancement of history. Only the title of "railway factory" stays in the vocabulary of the people and is printed in the memory of the city. The factory name has been changed more than 10 times, but everyone remembers the most clearly. The best is the Jinan Railway Factory. Everyone knows the railway factory, and everyone in Jinan knows.

Since the opening of the commercial port, its traffic conditions, economic status and urban functions have begun to transform. With the opening of the Jinpu Railway, the ancient political center of Shandong opened his business dream, and Jinan became the economic center of Shandong Province and an important business center in North China.

More than 100 years later, people can still reflect on the charm of the old commercial port in the ancient streets of Huaiyin and feel the prosperity of the commercial port. Who would have thought that the railway once again showed its magic to this millennium ancient city. In 2007, the Beijing -Shanghai high -speed rail started construction. The high -speed rail at a speed of 300 kilometers per hour screamed through the west of Huaiyin, awakening this sleeping land.

Some people say that this is the second port of Jinan. Relying on the high -speed rail, the west along the old commercial port, the 55 -square -kilometer western Jinan New Town rose strongly in Huaiyin. Jinan International Medical Science Center, Shandong Provincial Guild Culture and Art Center, National Intangible Heritage Expo Park, National Jixi Wetland Park, Shandong International Convention and Exhibition Center, IKEA, Outlet ... A urban sub-center that is positioned "Shandong Portal, Medical Capital"-Huai Yin is showing his youth and vitality to the world.

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