Urban Safety Series Science ｜ High -rise buildings fire, keep in mind these tips for escaping

Recently, fire escape from high -rise buildings has attracted much attention. Last year, the country received a total of 4057 high -rise buildings, causing 168 people to die, and the number of deaths increased by 22.6%year -on -year. High -rise buildings are high, large in size, many combustible materials, and gathering. Once a fire accident occurs, the fire is relieved and the evacuation of the personnel.

According to data from the Fire Rescue Bureau of the Emergency Management Department, in the past ten years, more than 30,000 high -rise buildings have occurred in my country. In 2021, a total of 4057 high -rise buildings were reported, causing 168 people to die, and the number of deaths increased by 22.6%over the previous year. In addition, the accident was mainly concentrated in residential venues. Last year, high -rise residential fires started from 3438 and 155 deaths, accounting for 84.7%and 92.3%of high -rise buildings.

According to the emergency management department, once the ordinary room fires, the flame will spread to the entire room within 3 minutes. The flue gas is also fatal toxicity. When you are in the fire, you must escape decisively. Some parts of high -rise buildings use a large amount of sponge, foam plastic board, fiber and other decorations during the decoration process. After the fire, a large amount of toxic gases will be generated. During the escape process, watering towels or covering your mouth and nose with clothes, try to close your body close to the ground, stack or bend over to reduce the damage of flue gas.

Generally speaking, when the fire point is located on the upper floor, you must escape downstairs; when the fire point is located on the lower floor, and the fire and smoke have blocked the downward passage, you should escape as soon as possible. At the time of fire, the hot flue gas will slam on the elevator well. At this time, taking the elevator will be swallowed by thick smoke in an instant, forming a chimney effect. In addition, the steel material of the elevator is not fire, and the deformation falls is easy to get stuck.

Before opening the door, you must touch the door lock with the back of your hand. If the temperature of the door handle is high, or there is smoke from the door gap in the door, don't rush to open the door, because the smoke invasion will suffocate. During the fire escape, the smoke -proof staircase was flexibly used to block the flue gas, forming a safe barrier to strive for more escape time. During the escape, remember to ensure that the fire door is closed, otherwise the lower flue gas will rush up the corridor, and it can spread quickly to the top floor within 1 minute.

In the case of being blocked and escaping, it should be actively looking for a shelter, such as the refuge layer in the building, and the fire smoke that is difficult to spread. At this time, the doors and windows need to be closed to block the gaps. If there is a water source, the door and window should be poured to warm the doors and windows and various combustibles to prevent or slow the spread of fire and dense fog. At the same time, actively convey the help signal. During the day, you can swing out of bright clothes. At night, you can use a flashlight and a mobile phone to flash, shake in the window, and send a help signal for help.

The time to delay self -rescue is greedy, which greatly increases the risk and difficulty of escape. Don't shout to prevent inhalation of toxic flue gas, causing throat damage. When you are on fire, don't panic and run around. You can lie down on the ground and roll back and forth, extinguishing the flame on your body.

Wen, Picture/Guangzhou Daily · Xinhua City Reporter: Li Tianyan Guangzhou Daily · Xinhua City Editor: Zhang Yu

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