Longan litchi hybrid new varieties, value geometry?

"Miscellaneous types, this is a great result. In theory, under the current new plant rights system, I wish the breeder to make a lot of money!"

Not long ago, "the first new variety of longan and lychee hybridization in the world" caused heated discussions. The new variety is called "Crispy" (SZ52). The breeding team led by Liu Chengming, a professor of South China Agricultural University and the technical system of the Longan Innovation Team of the Modern Agricultural Industry in Guangdong Province, has gone through more than ten years of breeding.

There is no shortage of orders for the transfer of new varieties of fruit trees. "Danxia Red" Pear 22 million yuan, "Qin Juan" Apple 12 million yuan, "hfy01" yellow heart kiwi transferred to sea in Australia with a variety right of nearly 200 million yuan in 25 years ...

How much can the new variety of "crispy" be worth it?

The appearance of "crispy" is close to longan, but its flesh is very tender. This is similar to lychee. In addition, the cracks of its peel are obvious and are bumpy, which is also the characteristic of lychee. Many netizens believe that this variety is more suitable for "Long Li".

Longan (mother) X lychee (father)

What do you want to cross with longan as the mother and lychee as the parent?

In terms of classification, longan and litchi are also unpareural, but they belong to the genus Longan and lychee. "Crispy" was originally called "Shi Zi Crispy". It is a new variety selected by the rock and longan as the mother, and the Purple Niang Xili lychee as the parent, and the breeding of the breeding through the inter -genus.

Is this hybridization of lychee or longan? In fact, "crispy" is still a longan variety. "This variety has some advantages of Shi Yan Longan and Zi Niang Xili Litchi. The flesh is tender and crispy, completely residue, and the sugar degree is 20-24%.

Shi Yan Longan (mother's edition) and Zi Niang Xili Litchi (Father's End) hybrid breed "Crispy". This variety is late, fruitful, strong in fruit, strong growth, strong cold resistance, wide adaptability, and great development potential.

The birth of good varieties is not easy. The "crispy" breeding team has consumed more than ten years, choosing different longan and litchi varieties for sexual hybridization. After continuous trial and error, in 2007, the first batch of mixed seedlings were obtained. These small seedlings also had the genetic material of the mother's (Shi Ji Longan) and the father's (Zi Niang Xili), which was a real bastard. After many years of cultivation test, it was not until 2014 that SZ52 single strains were finally selected.

In 2017, the breeding team began regional trials. At present, "crispy" has performed well in Chaozhou, Zhanjiang, Guangzhou Conghua, Qingyuan Lianzhou, Sichuan Luzhou, and Chongqing Yongchuan. Not long ago, the on -site appraisal of the new variety review (evaluation) of Guangdong Province was also passed.

"Crispy" breeding process

New varieties of fruit trees with high value

In the industry, the transfer price of the variety rights of the main grain crops has declined, and the transfer of 10 million yuan in the market's market -oriented reform was not common. However, due to higher economic benefits, there are still many people who are willing to smash heavy fruit trees.

On May 31, 2021, the Zhengzhou Fruit Tree Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Hainan Benxiang Li Industry Co., Ltd. signed the "Danxia Red" License Development Contract in Sanya. Danxia Hongli became a new plant for the first single transaction of the intellectual property zone of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City for 22 million yuan in contract amount.

On June 4, 2021, Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University of Agriculture and Forestry and Haisheng Group Shaanxi Small Agricultural Co., Ltd. signed a license contract for the production and operation rights of Qinchi seedlings in Apple, and the transfer fee was 12 million yuan.

In 2019, the "HFY01" yellow -hearted kiwi variety raised by Sichuan Huasheng Agricultural Co., Ltd. successfully "went to sea". A Australian company has obtained the 25 -year variety use right of this variety, with a planting area of ​​200 hectares (equivalent to 3,000 acres), and the planting area is Melbourne. Based on the cost of more than 7.7 million yuan per year, the company will receive nearly 200 million yuan in revenue in 25 years ...

Can "crispy" be so valuable?

According to industry analysts, compared to large fruits such as Apple and Pear, the promotion and planting area of ​​litchi and longan has not yet achieved the annual supply. Moreover, compared with the fruits such as grapes and citrus Essence In addition, the transfer of rights in the field of lychee and longan in my country is still in its infancy and lack of successful cases. Some scientific research units in Guangdong, Fujian and other provinces are actively exploring.

Therefore, although the quality is excellent, how much "crispy" can bring about the actual application value is yet to be observed, and its actual transfer price may be only "one attempt price" and "there is a certain distance from the 10 million yuan level." However, this is of positive significance for exploring the new variety right transfer and commercial cooperation development model that forms litchi longan.

"Crispy" flesh is tender.

"One Paper Proof" is becoming more and more important

At present, most of the domestic litchi and longan planting are mostly traditional varieties, and new varieties are mostly selected through the selection of real species. Therefore, there are certain controversy in the ownership of the variety. Use for farmers, companies or promotion units.

Through the breeding methods such as internal intercourse such as Guangdong and South China Agricultural University, multiple new varieties of lychee and longan are cultivated and applied for new plant rights, such as "Sanli No. 1", "Jiao Beauty", "Restaurant", "Pangli" "Giant Beauty", "Red Rather" and so on. Some of these varieties have also carried out cooperation in the transfer of rights.

New plant varieties refer to the development of wild plants that have been cultivated or discovered, which are novel, specific, consistent, stability, and properly named new plant varieties. Applying for new variety rights is one of the most effective means for breeders to protect their rights and interests. There are three main significance. First, let the breeders enjoy a row of his exclusive rights to promote the enthusiasm of breeding; the other is to obtain the right to reflect the application value of the variety itself, and it has the role of propaganda; the third is to clarify the boundaries of rights. Make the breeder protect his legitimate rights and interests when facing infringement.

my country's protection of new plant varieties is continuously strengthened. With the formal implementation of the new seed method, especially the substantive derived variety system, the amendments to the protection of new plant varieties, judicial and law enforcement of variety rights, and variety appraisal, conversion use, etc. will usher in profound changes.

At present, my country has released 11 batch of agricultural plant species protection lists. The protected agricultural plant species have 191 plants (species), of which 21 are (species) of fruit trees. Longan is the latest (species) of the latest list. In terms of application authorization, there are generally fewer fruit trees, and there are many applications such as kiwi, apples, strawberries, grapes, pears, citrus, and other applications.

"To have specificity, one or more biological characteristics must be obviously distinguished from the pre -application species before the application, or there are significant differences in quality and resistance in terms of quality and resistance. Only by reviewing and approved can be awarded the right to use new varieties. "Industry insiders introduced that the application threshold for the application of new plant varieties is high.

At present, the breeding staff has submitted the application materials for new plant varieties for "crispy" and is expected to obtain a new variety right certificate within 2 years. The specific transfer price of varieties needs to be communicated. However, the specific authorization will be used to use it, whether it can be cultivated according to the relevant good varieties and good methods, and whether it can be achieved in the end, it takes time to test it.

Industry insiders said that even if it is a good variety, to achieve large -scale promotion, it is still necessary to consider the geographical environment of the breed of cultivation, the cultivation technology used, and the management level of the base. Sometimes, the thinking of the majority of farmers has a certain degree of inertia, and the willingness to change new varieties is not strong. Only by using good varieties, promoting in good areas, combined with stable customers and consumer markets, can we sell good prices and improve planting efficiency.

【Reporter】 Zhang Zhihong

【Source】 South China Rural Report

- END -