Biological liquid fuel becomes green energy

Biological liquid fuel refers to the manufacture of biomass to purify or biochemical synthesis into liquid fuels such as ethanol or oil. At present, it mainly includes biological diesel and biological ethanol. my country ’s biofuel ethanol, at first the main production materials rely on corn, rice and common grain crops, and later produced raw materials to turn non -grain crops such as cassava.

Compared with traditional starch -based ingredients fuel ethanol, the main raw materials of cellulose ethanol today are agricultural and forestry waste, including straw, bran skin, vines, wood chips, leather shells, sawdust, shrub branches, dead tree leaves, and food processing industries. Wait. Cellulose ethanol production technology has three methods: biochemical transformation, thermal chemical transformation and chemical transformation. At present, the biochemical transformation method is mainly based on the method. After pre -treatment of straw and other ethanol after pre -treatment, and purifying the product into a qualified product through enzymes and fermentation. After being separated and concentrated by the waste leachy, it can be used as a fuel in the biomass boiler.

Over the years, my country's biofueling ethanol industry has followed the principles of "approval of production, directional circulation, closed operation, and orderly development", and has formed a stable industrial foundation. my country's fuel ethanol production mainly comes from the biological base. By the end of 2021, my country's fuel ethanol had put into production capacity of 5.295 million tons/year, with an annual output of 2.9 million tons. Ethanol gasoline prepared by fuel ethanol has been put into use in 12 provinces (autonomous regions) across the country, fuel ethanol has become my country's emerging green biological industry, and my country has also ranked among the world's large fuel ethanol production countries.

As a green energy source, biological diesel has the characteristics of environmental protection, renewable, and is generally mixed with fossil diesel. In the context of the "double carbon", overseas countries have spawned the global biological diesel market over 40 million tons of biological diesel through the specification of biological diesel in fossil diesel. The main market of biological diesel in my country is in the European Union, which is mainly used for the manufacturing of environmentally friendly plasticizers.

Biological liquid fuel has both environmental and economic benefits

In terms of transportation in the field of transportation, biological liquid fuel has huge development potential. Taking biological diesel as an example, it can not only completely replace ordinary diesel, but also form a closed loop by carbon signs of plants or waste without occupying land or racing with others, and then achieve "zero growth" of carbon emissions. Reduce the direct and effective methods of carbon emissions in the transportation field.

According to predictions, from 2021 to 2030, biological fuel ethanol and biological diesel will be one of the important ways to reduce emissions on road transportation, and biological aviation fuel will gradually be used in the aviation field. It is estimated that by 2030, the total amount of biological liquid fuel will reach 70 million tons, which is about 400 million tons of carbon dioxide in the transportation field.

The use of biological liquid fuel can not only bring environmental benefits, but also obtain economic benefits.

my country is a large agricultural production country and a large country of agricultural straw resources. It has nearly 200 million tons of straw every year directly incinerated, causing waste of resources and environmental pollution.

On the one hand, the development of biological liquid fuel can significantly reduce the amount of straw incineration and reduce pollution; on the other hand, it can drive employment, directly increase farmers' income, and indirectly drive the development of coordinated industries such as straw storage, transportation, and agricultural machinery manufacturing to form an industrial cluster effect. Bring significant economic benefits.

Hy welcoming major development, it is necessary to reduce costs with technological breakthroughs

In the long run, the development of advanced biological liquid fuel represented by products such as cellulose ethanol is the future development trend, which will play a positive role in achieving sustainable economic development and environmental quality protection.

In July 2021, the National Energy Administration issued the "Guidelines for Energy Work in 2021" clearly stated that it is necessary to accelerate the promotion of the demonstration of non -grain biofuels such as cellulose and other non -grain biological fuely ethanol industries, and pointed out that the development of cellulose ethanol will be the key development direction of bio -fuel ethanol.

Compared with traditional biological liquid fuels, advanced biological liquid fuel has a better emission reduction effect and has a broad prospect. In the International Energy Agency's 2050 net zero emissions scenario, the growth of most biofuel production comes from advanced biological liquid fuel, and its proportion in biological liquid fuel will jump from less than 1%in 2020 to nearly 45%and in 2030 and nearly 45%and 90%in 2050.

At present, the production cost of biological liquid fuel is still high, which is an important reason for restricting its development. At present, the cost of fuel ethanol and biological diesel is not competitive in the market, but its cost is still lower than the cost of hydrogen energy. If the cellulose ethanol with straw as raw materials in the future can achieve technological breakthroughs, the expected cost will be greatly reduced, and there will be a lot of room for development.

At present, advanced biological energy technology and biological manufacturing technology are still in the early stage of industrialization, including major industrial demonstration projects such as cellulose ethanol "negative carbon" project and new technology incubation still need to be funded to accelerate industrial growth. At the same time, it is necessary to reduce the cost of biological liquid fuel through product subsidies and tax reductions, increase market acceptance, and promote its development.

Author: Zhang Mengran

Reprinted: Shaanxi Science and Technology News

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