Interpretation of famous artists 丨 Academician Ding Zhongli: Do a good job of "double carbon" in the "two advance" pattern

Zhejiang News Client reporter Xiao Guoqiang

Realizing carbon peak carbon neutrality is a major strategic decision made by the Party Central Committee to coordinate the two domestic and international overall situations. The report of the Provincial Party Congress proposed that we must strive to promote common prosperity and modernization of the provincial region, and require solid carbon peak carbon neutrality. As the meaning of the "two advance" questions, how does Zhejiang do a good job of carbon and carbon carbon and this "must answer questions"? Ding Zhongli, deputy chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, chairman of the Central Committee, and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, accepted an exclusive interview with this reporter.

"Double Carbon" is a severe challenge and a huge opportunity

Carbon dioxide emissions strive to reach peaks by 2030, and strive to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, which is a solemn commitment made by my country to the world.

"Realizing carbon neutrality in 2060 is a very severe challenge to my country, but it also contains huge opportunities." Ding Zhongli said that first of all, my country's coal resources are quite rich, but the sulfide and nitrogen oxidation emitted by coal burning when coal burning. Those and dust are likely to pollute the atmospheric environment. If we can use renewable energy to gradually get rid of the dependence on coal, we will effectively promote the use of resources and continuous improvement of the environment. Second, my country's solar resources are quite rich. There are more solar power stations in the dry area of ​​the Ministry of Disadbon, which will achieve significant benefits in two aspects: clean energy replacement and ecological recovery; again, my country's technology in the field of non -carbon energy is relatively advanced, including photovoltaic power generation, nuclear energy, energy storage, UHV transmission and other technologies. In the global trend of green transformation, our green technology will support the development of emerging industries, become a new kinetic energy for economic growth, and provide a strong help for my country's national rejuvenation industry.

Therefore, the realization of carbon neutrality is not all in the international community's impact on us, but also the inherent requirements of my country's economic and social development to a certain degree. Of course, in this extensive and far -reaching green transformation, we must master our own rhythm, set up first, then break, stable and stable, and cannot cause energy shortage; at the same time, we must keep the price of energy at a relatively low level. It not only brings a real convenience to the lives of the people, but also allows our manufacturing to continue to maintain sufficient competitiveness in the world.

To promote the "double carbon" work, it is necessary to make a force from the three ends

How to understand carbon peak carbon neutrality is the logical starting point of promoting the "double carbon" work. Ding Zhongli said that carbon peak refers to the peak of carbon dioxide emissions, and then began to decrease steadily; carbon neutral refers to carbon dioxide "net zero emissions", that is, humans can emit a certain amount of carbon dioxide, but among this emissions volume Part of the part is fixed by the natural process, and the remaining part is fixed through artificial efforts. When the amount of emissions is equal to the amount of carbon, the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere no longer continues to increase, and it reaches carbon neutrality.

According to relevant national statistics, my country's current total energy consumption is about 5 billion tons of standard coal per year, of which about 85%of coal, petroleum, and natural gas, and non -carbon energy accounts for only 15%. The terminal emission sources of carbon dioxide are mainly industry (about 68.1%), buildings (about 17.6%) and transportation (about 10.2%).

"It can be seen from the above data that in my country's energy consumption structure, coal, oil, and natural gas account for a large proportion. Therefore, in order to achieve carbon neutrality, you need to make a joint force from the three ends. Non -carbon energy such as light, water, nuclear, and other non -carbon energy replace coal, oil, and gas; the energy consumption side is re -created through the process, and uses green, green hydrogen, geothermal and other replacement of coal, oil, and gas; — Use -sealing (CCUS) and other carbon solidaries to fix carbon artificially on the surface, products or strata. This is the basic logic of carbon neutrality. "Ding Zhongli said, in general, the power generation terminal must build a new type of new type. The power system, the energy consumption side should be in power substitution, hydrogen energy replacement, and process reconstruction, and the carbon is in ecological construction.

In Ding Zhongli's view, Zhejiang, as a large energy consumption province and a small energy resource province, should find positioning, based on the long -term, and make a systematic planning. At the end of the generation, Zhejiang's first energy deficiency, the proportion of foreign electricity in the province is relatively high. It can be planned in advance to actively cooperate with the provinces in the supply of green power in the provinces. On the energy consumption side, industry is the largest source of emissions. To this end, it is necessary to optimize the industrial structure, arrange as little as possible, do not arrange high energy -consuming and high -emissions industries, accelerate the development of low -carbon and high -efficiency industries, and focus on laying intellectual dense and technical dense industries. In addition, transportation and buildings are the two sources of discharge. In terms of transportation, the industrialization replacement of electric vehicles and hydrogen vehicles can be accelerated. The construction of the family life as much as possible has been replaced by the gas and gas of the family life. In the fixation end, ecological construction is the most economical and effective carbon method. As the birthplace of the concept of the "two mountains", Zhejiang has a good foundation and natural conditions in the construction of ecological civilization. Ecological construction, such as further optimizing the structure of forest to enhance the effect of forest carbon. "Through the three ends, especially at the energy consumption side and the carbon -fixed end early planning, Zhejiang can make characteristic highlights and at the forefront of the country."

To achieve the "double carbon" goal, in the final analysis, it is technology as king

Realizing carbon peak carbon neutrality is a extensive and profound economic and social change. How to find the optimal solution in multi -goal balance in high -quality development, ensuring energy security, and improving the quality of life of the people?

Ding Zhongli said that in the final analysis, carbon neutrality is the king, and only advanced technology can gain the competitiveness of the industry. At the power generation end, a new type of power system that is mainly based on photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation. Whether it is power generation, energy storage, conversion, elimination, output, etc., there are a large number of key links that need to be overcome. This will become a carbon in carbon. The top priority of the goal. The "alternative route" of the energy consumption side needs to be used for power generation and hydrogen by non -carbon energy, and then uses electricity, hydrogen energy to replace coal, oil, gas in industry, transportation, and construction. Also need to develop a large number of new technologies and lay out a large number of new industries. In addition, whether it is a generating end or an energy consumption terminal, there will still be a considerable amount of carbon emissions in 2060, and other carbon solidaries need to be neutralized. There are advanced and cheap technologies for this "three ends", which is a prerequisite for achieving carbon neutrality. For this reason, on the one hand, we must further increase investment in scientific and technological investment and accelerate key core technologies; on the other hand, it is necessary to industrialize advanced technology as soon as possible, and use industrial policies and market competition to continuously iterate to reduce costs and gradually become "" Cabbage price. This requires the coordination of the government and the market, and strives to make the "two hands" play maximum efficiency. It is estimated that the realization of carbon neutrality in my country requires a magnitude of dollars in investment. It is by no means that the government can independently bear it. The investment entity should still come from the market. However Industrial policies, carbon distribution, and green financial policy play a very powerful role. Taking photovoltaic power generation as an example, my country needs to provide high subsidies to the Internet electricity price more than ten years ago, and now it can compete for affordable Internet access. This is a typical case for the government and the market to form a joint force, and it is also the institutional advantage that we must adhere to the future. As a large market economy province, Zhejiang has the advantages of active market entities. It can also be actions in terms of technology research and development, especially industrialization.

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