Wang Fei: The new strategy of hanging rivers in the lower reaches of the Yellow River -refined rough sand, thickness separation ｜ Water and soil conservation and desertification prevention and control first discipline

On the morning of September 6, 2022, Dr. Zhou Jinfeng, Secretary -General of China Biological Diversity Protection and Green Development Foundation (referred to as China Green Fair, Green Association), experts of the Green Association Expert Committee, researcher of the Institute of Water Conservation Research, the Ministry of Water Conservancy of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, deputy deputy Dr. Wang Fei started a constructive and effective exchange on the issue of the construction of the discipline of soil and water conservation and desertification.

Dr. Zhou Jinfeng, Secretary -General of the Green Association, first briefly introduced the discipline construction of the science of soil and water conservation and desertification, and proposed that Green will strengthen the implementation of a firm plan for ecological protection and high -quality national strategy of the Yellow River Basin.

Researcher Wang Fei briefly introduced the disciplines of my country's soil and water conservation and desertification prevention and control science. First of all, the development of the discipline in the country has been relatively complete. At present, more than 30 research institutes and universities have carried out research and teaching related to the prevention and treatment of desertification and desertification. It has a good foundation in ecological environmental protection and international cooperation. The addition of the Green Society will play a positive role in promoting this discipline development.

When discussing how Green will participate in the ecological protection of the Yellow River Basin and the national strategy of high -quality development, researcher Wang Fei proposed a new view of his "downstream suspension river" governance of the Yellow River, and made an in -depth explanation: For thousands of years of the Chinese nation, the risk of hanging rivers and floods in the lower reaches of the Yellow River is the biggest threat to the Yellow River Basin. In order to solve this history, researcher Wang Fei suggested that the method of "rough sandy sandy sandy sand and thickness separation" of the "lower reaches of the Yellow River". This method is based on the classic water and sand operation theory. In the case of weakening the process, the effect of "continuous losses of small floods" is achieved.

If the above -mentioned strategy of governing the suspension can be adopted, the following four functions are expected to promote the following four functions.

1. Let the riverbed downstream of the Yellow River gradually reduce the risk of floods and reduce the costs of rivers and local construction and maintenance.

The annual flood prevention costs in the lower reaches of the Yellow River are expensive, and from the liberation to more than 70 years, my country has not reinforced places in a few years, and the construction and maintenance costs of river channels have reached billions or even more. Even if there is no threat of floods, a large number of manpower, physical and financial resources are used for flood prevention and disaster prevention every summer. Adopting coarse sand fineization can effectively decrease the sedimentation of river channels, greatly improving the cost of river construction and maintenance.

In response to the problem of coarse sand refinement, researcher Wang Fei believes that if you consider the construction of the embankment and the losses of the flood, the cost of coarse sand is very low; in addition, if you consider the economic benefits of sand -in -in -law, this cost can continue to be reduced. According to research, one ton of sediment is transported downstream of the Yellow River, which requires 60-150 square meters of water. If this part of water is used for sediment, it cannot be used for other purposes. The crushed coarse sand is refined, and the cost of a ton of mud is about one dollar. From the analysis of the overall input output, the refinement of coarse sand belongs to the method of hanging rivers with effort.

2. Rough sand refinement can expand the area of ​​yellow irrigation, improve food production, and ensure national food safety.

There are about 30 million acres of yellow irrigation area in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, which has contributed greatly to solving China's grain problems. At present, because of the problems such as sediment in the irrigation canal, everyone dare not develop the area of ​​yellow irrigation. If the thickness of the sand and thickness is separated, the fine particles can be transported to the vast North China plain through runoff, which is expected to improve the quality of the soil soil in the lower reaches. mu. More than 10 billion cubic meters of sediment deployed in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. If it is deposited in the vast North China plains, which is a few millimeters of thickness, it will hardly cause any accumulation harm.

3. It can reduce the groundwater mining of the north plain and solve the problem of groundwater funnel in the North China Plain.

At present, the North China Plain is an important commodity grain production base in my country, but the development of irrigation agriculture in this area must extract groundwater. For a long time, the Yellow River Basin now has a runoff of more than 20 billion cubic meters of runoff every year for downstream river channels to transport sediment. If coarse sand fineization is used, sand-in-mortar water use water may save more than 5 billion to 10 billion cubic meters of farmland. It can be used for farmland irrigation in the North China Plain, which can reduce the amount of groundwater mining, and at the same time increase the deep leakage of the farm canal system. It can promote the North China Plain. Restore of groundwater funnel.

4. Increase the amount of sediment in the Yellow River and promote the development of the lower reaches of the Yellow River.

In recent decades, because the downstream sediment has become less and less, the Delta has a trend of slow development. In the past, an average of 15-25 square kilometers per year was expanded per year. Until now, it is only 5-10 square kilometers each year. At the same time, as there is no enough sand supply, the area of ​​saline -alkali land in the lower reaches is increasing. Through rough sand, the fine sand can be transported to the Delta region with a very low water cost, promoting the continuous development of the Delta, and improving the ecological function of the Delta.

Text: daisy

Trial: Wang Fei

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