Songqing glaze brown spots lid with multi -mouth porcelain pot: pray for full and blessing of the warehouse

Multi -mouth pot is a bright device with multi -mouth or angle as the main decorative feature. The use of multi -mouth pots in the tombs of Fujian began to be buried in Tang, flourished in the Song Dynasty, and did not Yu Yuan. Why is the number of polypengers a multiples of five? What scenarios are commonly used in the manufacture of multi -mouth pots and the meaning? Let's explore the mystery behind the Song Qing glaze brown spots in the Fuzhou Museum.

A is both a pagoda and a barn

In 1997, a 48 -cm high -palated brown spotted porcelain pot was unearthed in the Song Tomb of Fengqiu Hulin Mountain, Fuzhou, Fuzhou. When unearthed, the glazed surface was shiny and the pot body was complete, which surprised the archaeological players present.

This Songqing glaze brown spotted lid porcelain pot can be called the treasure in the device. It belongs to the barn cleaner and is a boutique in the Duzui pot during the Tang and Song dynasties. The pot is handsome and upright like a pagoda. It is divided into five layers. Each layer is lined with 5 upper long mouths, a total of 25 pot mouths. The part of each mouth is yellow glaze, and there are open holes. The 25 pot mouths were tightly connected to the pot body, and there was no crack, indicating that the porcelain -making process was exquisite at the time.

The pot is a restrained circular base, with a five -layer tower -shaped pot. The lid of the pot is roof -like, with five ridges on top, and the top is the top of the orb. The shape of the polyza pot is unique and unique. If the multi -mouth pot is regarded as a tower shape, the lid of this pot is the top of the shape of the shape, and the orb is like the pagoda of the tower at the top of the tower. The lid of the pot is the unique round warehouse.

Zhang Zhenyu, the director of the Fuzhou Museum, introduced that many mouth pots, also known as Polyzuka, sharp -angle cans, multi -horn bottles, multi -horn cans, etc., which are commonly used in the tombs of the southern region of the Tang and Song dynasties in the Tang and Song dynasties. Optical device.

B multitting pot implied, multi -blessing

As mentioned earlier, this multi -mouth pot belongs to the barn bayer. The barn, also known as the soul bottle, soul pavilion, and Shen pavilion. It is a common instrument in the southern tombs from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Southern Dynasties. There are many complicated decorations on the early barn. The meaning of interest is to proper the soul of the deceased, and the condolences. " After the Eastern Jin Dynasty was buried, the barn also disappeared. When it was fired again in the Tang and Song dynasties, the decoration went to sophisticated, and the mouth was as the main decoration, just like the Songqing glaze brown spots lid porcelain pot, which we saw. Essence

From the excavated part of the multi -mouth pot, the body is engraved with inscriptions such as "Cangzhuang is always full", "Qian Library Manchu", "Database Dangs" and "Wine Library" and other inscriptions. The warehouse -nature of storage device can be called differently according to the storage category. It can be called the barn by its storage grain; it can be used as a coin to storage, and it can be called the money reservoir. They all expressed the good wishes of the burialers who prayed for the past generations of the grains, rich and rich, and their children and grandchildren.

In addition, the multi -mouth pot uses many mouths as the main decoration, and more mouths represent the descendants. Bettering with multiple mouth pots to pray that the deceased can still enjoy the glory brought by the "multi -child and blessing", and also bless the deepening meaning of the generations of the generations.

According to Zhang Chunlan, deputy director of the Fuzhou Museum Exhibition Department, from the current number of multi -mouth pots unearthed in Fujian area, it is mostly a multiples of five, and the body is mostly five floors. The interpretation of the word "Five" was first seen in Xu Shen's "Said Words" in the East Han Dynasty: Five Elements also, from the second. Yin and yang also intersect at noon in heaven and earth. Xu Shen associated the word "five" with the five elements of the yin and yang, extended to the vertical and horizontal yin and yang between heaven and earth. Liu Ye mentioned in "Wen Xin Daolong · Zong Sutra" that "Zihua returns to one, divides the five". "Five" is often used to depict all things in the world. There are five in heaven, five squares, five air in the season, and five mountains in the mountains ... Therefore, multi -mouth pot also contains rich philosophical, religious culture and universe views.

C along the river to the sea, Fuzhou porcelain goes to the world

It is understood that 7 pieces of many mouth pots in the Fuzhou Museum are made in the Song Dynasty. They have both pottery and porcelain, rich in glaze, with green glaze, sauce glaze, lead green glaze, etc. The pot with unique and exquisite workmanship. At the same time, there are also many multi -mouth pots in the Fujian Provincial Museum and the districts and counties of Fuzhou City. Because the multi -mouth pots that act on the device are mostly produced from the local kiln mouth, the exquisite multi -mouth pots have been discovered in Fuzhou area. On the one hand, the ceramic craftsmanship in Fuzhou in the Song Dynasty has entered a fairly developed stage.

The politics, economy, and culture of Fuzhou in the Song Dynasty entered the most prosperous development period. The ceramic craftsmanship was developed. The Song Dynasty cultural relics were excavated from the archeological site of the Fuzhou region. More diverse. Compared with the former dynasty, the tire quality is more delicate, the glaze is more moist, the glass texture is strong, and the hardness of porcelain is higher.

Fuzhou Hongtang Kiln, Lianjiang Pukou Kiln, Min and Chiang Yamani Kiln, Kuaxi Kiln in the northern suburbs, and Fuqing Dongzhang Kiln are all famous kiln sites in the Fuzhou area of ​​the Song Dynasty. Essence Some of these kiln -fired porcelain are also sold as export porcelain and sold overseas.

The production and transportation of ceramics requires water sources. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, "Fujian One Road State Army. Zhuzhou, all Fuzhou is fundamental. " Fuzhou Port is an important node of the Maritime Silk Road. In addition to the ceramic and ocean routes of Fujian region generally studied in the academic community, Cai Xipeng, the archeological team of Fuzhou City, also believes that Fuzhou ceramics are produced along the seawater system and transported by offshore routes. Basis of overseas trade. Cai Xipeng takes the Minjiang River as an example. The mouth of the Minjiang River is a strong tide estuary of the land. The boundary boundary can reach the city. The ship can withdraw from the city again. "The North and South ships are loaded, and the cashmere is outside the city. The water transport system in Fuzhou City has developed and has become an important trade network for ceramic cargo circulation. From the large number of kiln sites and unearthed cultural relics from the stems and tributaries of the Minjiang River, we can see that ceramics from the inland water system from the downstream port to the offshore trade process of other ports to other ports.

The site of Qinglong Town, Yongfeng Kuyi Site, Nanhai No. 1 ... The large number of exquisitely made Fuzhou porcelain found along the developed inland waterway, along the river towards the sea, across the ocean, and moved to the world, making Fuzhou a "Maritime Silk Road" Important ceramic production bases and ceramic supply areas have witnessed the glory of the "Maritime Silk Road" during the Song and Yuan Dynasties.

□ Expert Pinbao

The deep meaning of blessing of children and grandchildren

Invited experts: Deputy Director of the Fuzhou Museum Exhibition Department

Zhang Chunlan

The ancients had the custom of "death and death", and believed that after death, they could also enjoy everything they could enjoy at the time of life, and sent the apartment to get the blessing of the deceased. The Songqing glaze brown spots covered with multi -mouth porcelain pots collected by the Fuzhou Museum. The overall handsome and upright, unique shape, exquisite craftsmanship, and well -preserved, can be called the superior work in the Tang and Song dynasties. 25 slender upper -up (angle) are distributed in the five -layer distance ring. Its unique shape contains the soul of the deceased. The beautiful wishes, full of the glory brought by the deceased can continue to enjoy the glory brought by "multi -child and more blessings" and bless the children and grandchildren from generation to generation, and the prosperity of people.

(Reporter Guan Yan/Wenlin Shuangwei/Photo)

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