How to prevent the "first killer"?

"Drowning is the first killer that causes the accidental death of primary and secondary school students." This is the first sentence in the Ministry of Education's "Letting Parents of Primary and Middle School Students in the country" recently released. At the same time, the Ministry of Education also issued the "Reminder on the Safety Works of Primary and Middle School Students' Flood Session", requiring localities to do a good job of preventing drowning during the summer. Education departments and schools in various places should pay close attention to key nodes such as schools, weekends, and holidays. In order to focus on the publicity of the "six no" propaganda of drowning, educate and guide students to stay away from dangerous waters, do not launch privately, and do not rashly rescue. For a long time, anti -drowning is an important part of safety education in primary and secondary school students. But to this day, the drowning accidents in primary and secondary school students every year are distressed. Where is the difficulty of drowning? How to improve safety education for primary and secondary school students?

Recently, Jinhu Community neighborhood Committee and Jinhu Primary School in Jinggang Town, Shushan District, Hefei City, Anhui Province jointly carried out "preventing drowning, guarding childhood" safety education activities. Knowledge and teaching first aid skills. Ge Yinian camera

Lingxia Village, Shantou Town, Yongjia County, Zhejiang Province, set up a lifebuilding circle next to the waters, set up warning signs, and villagers formed a patrol team to regularly patrol and carry out drowning propaganda. Photo by Hu Lifan

Recent drowning accident

On June 6, Majiu Town, Guangshan County, Henan, two teenagers lost contact by a small lake formed by a pit. It is reported that although a warning sign for the prohibition of launching was erected around the pit and the road was blocked with a mound, some people still went to the mining pit to play. On June 8th, the two teenagers found and confirmed drowning. On May 29th, five seventh grades from Jiangling County, Jingzhou City, Hubei went to the Tieni Jiji section of the Yangtze River Water in the Yangtze River Water. After the incident, the local organizational search and rescue personnel were organized along the river and the river bank to conduct search and rescue. On May 22, two boys from Gu'an County, Langfang City, Hebei went to the east bank of the Baigou River in Puzhou City, and died unfortunately.

On May 7th, a boy near Xikouzi Village, Fangdian Town, Yanshi District, Luoyang fell into the water. When he was rescued, he had no vital signs. On April 20th, three children in Mantian Town, Huaqiu County, Liu'an City, Anhui fell into the water. After rescue, the three children in the water were salvaged ashore, but after 120 on -site confirmation, it was killed. On April 16th in a hot spring resort hotel in Jieyang, Guangdong, a 7 -year -old girl fell into a hot spring pool. It was not discovered by the family until seven or eight minutes later, and eventually died unfortunately.

On April 10, 4 teenagers swimming in Chitang Village, Liguo Town, Ledong County, Hainan. One of the 13 -year -old teenagers disappeared during swimming, and they were killed unfortunately when they were rescued. On April 4th, a 13 -year -old girl in Nanxi River, Yongjia County, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang, accidentally fell into the water when she was playing on the shore. His parents went to the water to rescue them. The family of three unfortunately drowned.

There have been many accidents that have occurred in the summer

Although it has not yet entered the summer vacation, after the weather is heating up, there are more adolescent drowning accidents. According to incomplete statistics, dozens of drowning accidents have occurred this year. Half of the overwhelming people died, and most of them were primary and secondary school students. After sorting out, the reporter found that there are the following characteristics of recent drowning accidents in primary and secondary school students.

First of all, most of the drowning accidents occurred after the weather was heating in April, and most of them were in many areas in the southern waters. During this period, the interest of primary and secondary school students in playing water and water greatly increased. For example, at 5 pm on April 9th, Yiyang, Hunan, two teenagers rode an electric car to the Lake Wetland Park Lake to play, and an accident occurred when playing with water in the lower lake. The local rescue team rushed to the scene and rescued two people, but they were unfortunately died.

Secondly, the drowning accident mostly occurs in the dangerous waters of the field in rural areas. Primary and secondary school students traveling together on holidays. Because there are no adults, they are in control and their awareness is weak, which is easy to cause tragedy. For example, around 14 pm on May 29, a swimming disappearance occurred in Jiangling County, Hubei. On the same day, there were 5 students in the seventh grade of Jiangling County Experimental Middle School to go swimming in the Tieni Jiji section of the Yangtze River Water. The whereabouts have been unknown after the missing. Relevant local departments received an alarm and quickly organized rescue forces to rush to the scene to search and rescue. At present, there is still no result of search and rescue.

Secondly, a few drowning accidents were nearby when the drowning accident occurred, but due to the weak security awareness of the parents, the supervision was not in place, and the lack of emergency self -rescue and mutual rescue capabilities, the tragedy occurred. For example, on April 4th, a 13 -year -old girl accidentally fell into the water when a 13 -year -old girl was playing on the shore. His parents went to the water to rescue. In the end, the family of three unfortunately drowned. For another example, on April 16, in a hot spring resort hotel in Jieyang, Guangdong, a 7 -year -old girl fell into a hot spring pool and was discovered by her family until seven or eight minutes later.

In addition, some drowning accidents did not cause casualties, but the rescue was relatively accidental. Most of them were rescued in time to avoid tragedy. If there is no one nearby at the time of the incident, or the crowd has no rescue ability, the consequences are unimaginable. For example, on April 16, when Lai Lifen, a resident of Beibaixiang Town, Yueqing City, visited his parents, found that a girl about 10 years old fell into the river. Lai Lifen dived decisively to save people, and successfully rescued the girl. On May 29, in a swimming pool in Longgang District, Shenzhen, a 5 -year -old girl had drowning suffocation while swimming, and there was a nurse to rescue him at the scene. Due to the timely rescue, the girl has no big body when arriving at the hospital.

"The hidden uncertain factors such as the undercurrent, water plants, and depth of the wild waters are greatly dangerous. If primary and secondary school students usually do not receive sufficient safety education, lack of safety awareness and skills, once no one cares in the summer, they are prone to accidents. "Chen An, a professor at the Science and Technology Strategic Consultation Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said in an interview that there are many left -behind children in rural areas. No matter how busy work, parents must be absent as the first responsible person. Cultivate children's safety awareness and safety habits. Multiple measures must pay attention to education

In May 2021, the Ministry of Education issued the "Notice on Doing a Good job in Preventing Drowning of Primary and Middle School Students", requiring to pay close attention to the implementation of safety responsibility. Evaluation of faculty and staff work as a precedent for evaluation and evaluation; to increase accountability for anti -drowning work, and to fulfill the units and responsible persons of major drowning accidents that do not take serious duties to prevent drowning responsibilities and deploy the prevention of drowning. Responsible accountability in accordance with laws and regulations.

In recent years, in order to further implement the responsibility of preventing primary and secondary school students' drowning, it has incorporated the effectiveness of anti -drowning into the government assessment. In 2020, Hainan Province included the effect of anti -drowning effects in the implementation of the responsibilities of the municipal government's performance, the annual safety assessment supervision and evaluation content, and established the "city, county, townships, village committees, parents" and "education bureaus, schools, class teachers, parents, parents, parents "Double -line anti -drowning responsibility system. In 2021, Jinan City incorporated the work of drowning into the quality evaluation of educational quality and evaluation of education administrative, school principals and faculty and staff. For relevant units and responsible persons who caused a large drowning accident, they were seriously held accountable in accordance with laws and regulations.

It is worth noting that in order to enhance the safety awareness of youth and reduce the occurrence of drowning accidents, we have focused on strengthening technical defense and deploying a series of work.

"The water depth is dangerous. Do not approach, do not stay here." In 2021, Bai Bai County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region set up about 500 key and dangerous waters in 28 towns and villages in the county. The method of solar power supply and wireless transmission, monitor the surveillance and survey of rivers and lakes, rivers and lakes, reservoirs, and key dangerous areas. By adopting advanced intelligent analysis, sound and light alarm, and shouting, it will reduce the occurrence of drowning accidents in primary and secondary school students. Essence

"In the command center, you can see the monitoring picture of the key and dangerous waters. Once there are primary and secondary school students close to the dangerous waters, the system will initiate a warning immediately, and we can call reminds. If the student continues to move forward, the system will give the water area where the waters are located. Village cadres issued early warnings. "The relevant staff of the Education Bureau of Bobai County told reporters that the early warning system played a positive role in preventing personnel drowning, but it was also inseparable from civil air defense measures such as inspection and inspection.

On June 22, 2020, Ruichang City, Jiangxi Province launched the first school's anti -drowning face recognition alarm system pilot. "Do not approach the danger of the lake." The video showed that when the two students approached the side of the staning lake, the alarm began to shout immediately. At the same time, the information of two students pops up in the background, and the school can carry out anti -drowning safety education targeted. It is reported that as long as students are monitored by photography, the system can identify the student's name and the school and class where they are located.

"Early warning and driving off with technical means is an effective means." Chen An believes that making teenagers cannot contact the wild waters and can directly reduce the risk of drowning. Essence "Children know that they cannot break through the red light. They must abide by traffic rules. The anti -drowning education must also achieve such a effect to make the children feel awe."

Promote healthy and healthy development with sparse and promote

"What should I do if someone falls into the water? Can the students who can swim to save people directly?" A few days ago, Zhou Lixin, the captain of the blue sky rescue team in Wuxi, Jiangsu, in the "Cherish Life, Preventing Droting" activities carried out by Fengxiang Experimental School in Wuxi City A self -rescue training training was conducted. Before the summer vacation, Zhou Lixin and the players will enter the school to carry out anti -drowning safety education.

Wuxi Blue Sky Rescue Team cooperated with Wuxi Fengxiang Experimental School to open a campus safety house.

"Some parents are busy with work, only pay attention to academic performance and ignore security education." Zhou Lixin introduced that in order to reduce campus safety accidents and enhance students' awareness of safety, the Wuxi Blue Sky Rescue Team and Wuxi Fengxiang Experimental School in 2020 opened a campus safety house. Let teachers and students understand the safety knowledge of campus through the model of "cognition -master -actual combat" model. It is reported that the campus safety house has carried out the teaching of anti -drowning blackboard and the teaching skills of anti -drowning self -rescue and rescue skills, which has been widely recognized by parents and students.

In an interview with the media, Chu Zhaohui, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Education and Science, said that in the past, there was a misunderstanding of security education, that is, educating children to see righteousness and self -saving people. This is a misunderstanding of previous safety education. It has not been systematically corrected by the system and effectively, so it has caused some problems. For safety education for children, they must clarify their prerequisites, that is, to ensure their own safety, and then judge whether they are capable of rescue.

"Safety education can not only be said on the mouth, flowing in the form. It can not rely on 'scare", let alone psychological problems. Cognition has awe of fear rather than fear. "Chen An identified that love to play water is the nature of children. At present, sports facilities in rural areas are relatively lacking. It is difficult to find a swimming pool. At the same time, provide adolescents that are nearly, safe and safe. On July 27, 2021, Luofang Town Hope Primary School, which was half an hour away from Xinyu City, Jiangxi Province, held a "water flower action" completion examination in the simple swimming pool assembled in the basketball court. In order to curb the occurrence of students' drowning accidents from the source, Xinyu City has carried out the reform of anti -drowning education since 2020, and implemented the "water flowing action" to form a model led by the government, schools as the main body, home schools, and social participation.

"According to the principles of easy and difficult, combined with students' psychology and physiology, focusing on free swimming skills training in the fourth grade of elementary school, encouraging qualified schools to conduct swimming skills training through class service after class, while conducting drowning knowledge training Let the city's primary and secondary students, especially rural students, master the basic swimming skills and establish a sense of safety. "Huang Liang, the head of the Sports and Health Education Department of Xinyu City Education Bureau in Jiangxi Province, introduced to reporters that in order to solve the problem of the lack of swimming pools in rural areas, this should be On the one hand, the city builds a assembly pool, which is used in batches between towns and villages. On the other hand, the school will uniformly arrange vehicles to pick up students to the city for centralized training. It is reported that the training is guided by professional coaches, 10 days each, 2 hours for each exercise.

It is worth noting that since 2011, Xinyu City and Yang School have included swimming courses into physical education classes, specializing in two swimming teachers for lectures. "The school can train thousands of people each year, and at the same time can train about 900 people in surrounding schools. Most students graduated from the school choose to swim projects in the sports examination of the high school entrance examination." Hu Meiqin, the principal of Xinyu City and Yang School Knowledge education has been unanimously welcomed by parents and students.

It is reported that since 2020, Xinyu City has trained about 35,000 students, and the city's swimming skills have been significantly enhanced. Since 2021, students have not accidentally drowned.

"The cultivation of safety awareness is by no means one overnight. It is not enough to curb the 'first killer' only relying on the education department and schools." Chen An identified that preventing primary and secondary school students' drowning requires all departments and units to participate together, forming a good formation in the whole society, in the whole society The safety culture and atmosphere make it a common habit to talk about safety and learning safety.

How to avoid drowning accidents how to judge how people drowning parents and children to do together to take this "compulsory course" for drowning

The place where drowning is drowning is usually: swimming pools, reservoirs, pits, ponds, rivers, streams, seasides and other places. These places have died in swimming drowning every summer. Among the drowning people, there are people who do not swim, as well as some people who can swim and have good water. Don't think that you can swim, it is safe in the water! The second child can achieve "four in mind" 1. No matter how hot the weather is, to cool down from the river pond 2. No matter how beautiful the water view is, you do n’t rush to feel 3. No matter how good the water properties are, you do n’t guarantee the water. Three parents who can do the "four knows" four in mind the "six inaccurate" five to prevent drowning parents or caregivers, and must not leave children alone on the bathtub, bathtub or open water source. The distance between parents and children should reach out, concentrate on the care, and cannot be neglected. The following eight points, parents should keep in mind -1. Do not go swimming in private, parents always take care of. 2. Persist in letting children wear high -quality floating objects. 3. Require children to move their bodies before entering the water to avoid cramps and other phenomena. 4. Do not feed your children to eat in the water. 5. Educate children not to play with each other in the water to prevent the water from suffocating. 6. Teach children to learn swimming, and learn skills such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation. 7. Swim in waters that are not familiar with, no safety facilities, and no rescue personnel. 8. When you are not familiar with water and underwater conditions, do not go to the water for rescue. How to distinguish the real drowning of drowning is silent and fast, rather than like the "hard and loud call for help" performed in the film and television drama. When you find that the child keeps his eyes sluggish in the water, and his head is slightly open, the parents must be alert to the child might be drowning.

● Author: Reporter Liu Huoyu

● Source: "China Emergency Management" on June 20, 2022, the original title "The First Killer", how to prevent it? ——In the Focus on Drowning of Primary and Middle School Students Drowning, Editor -in -Chief Editor: Xiao Yanpeng

● Edit: Dong Chen

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