Tianjin: Mid -Autumn Festival reunion Safety Remembering the Heart Mind

Mid -Autumn Festival, since ancient times, is the day of family reunion. Busy people will choose to return home at this time to enjoy the happiness and happiness brought by reunion. But at the same time, during the festival, the citizens increased fire, electricity, and gas, and were slightly careless, which easily caused fire and threatened the safety of life and property. Fire statistical analysis shows that in the fire accidents in recent years, the proportion of fire accidents in the "Little Fire" is still high. Even the trivial hidden dangers can cause small -scale fires to endanger life.

Case 1: In February 2022, a fire occurred in a resident of a household in Putuo District, Shanghai, causing three people to die. The main burning objects at the scene were debris such as furniture and cotton quilt. The cause of the fire was initially identified as: the residents put the electric bicycle lithium battery in the bedroom, and the battery fault caused a fire.

Case 2: In August 2022, a fire broke out in a community in Haicang District, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, causing one to die. According to a preliminary understanding, the fire building is a 12 -layer steel mixed structure, with an area of ​​about 5 square meters, and the fire is electrical lines and debris.

Case 3: In July 2022, a fire occurred in Unit 1, Lvyuan District, Nanming District, Nanming District, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province. The accident killed 3 and injured two. After investigation, it was determined that the fire of the residential living room of the fire was caused by the wall behind the sofa of the living room, which caused the surrounding combustible matter.

Case 4: In March 2022, a residential fire occurred in a residential building in a community in Nanjing, Jiangsu, causing two husbands and wives to burn, and later rescue was invalid. It was found that the cause of the fire was that the lithium battery fault of the electric bicycle caused the heat out of control to ignite itself and the nearby combustion, and eventually caused a tragedy.

Case 5: In June 2019, a fire broke out in a residential house in our city, causing a paralyzed elderly man to be killed. After investigation, the cause of the fire was caused by accidental ignition of the bedding when the elderly smoked.

When will the "Little Fire Dead" take it?

Little fire dead, as the name suggests, is the small fire area in the fire, the economic loss is small, and the number of affected households and the number of people is relatively small, but it has caused a fire accident in the death of personnel. At the scene of many "fire dead" accidents, it can be found that in addition to the fires such as electrical appliances and cigarette butts that caused fires, and the carbonized combustibles around the surrounding areas, most of the items in the entire room are complete.

The culprit of "Little Fire Dead" is toxic smoke caused by low fire. Most of the undead fire occurs in a relatively closed space. Poisonous gases such as carbon monoxide produced in the early stage of fire cannot be discharged, causing indoor personnel to died in the sleeping carbon monoxide poisoning, and then died in sleep. Especially during people's sleeping, the body's alertness and vigilance decreased, which caused that before they "had time" discovery, they had already inhaled too much toxic flue gas, causing "dead people".

In the causes of related accidents, a considerable part of the human factors, accidental use of fire, aging of electrical lines or failures, violations of electrical installation and use regulations, and even fire caused by smoking and littering cigarette butts. Among them, violation of electrical installation and use regulations are one of the main reasons for the fire, such as charging the battery in illegally charging the battery, a private pull or transformation of the wire caused by a short -circuit or overload caused by fire. In addition, the lack of fire concepts and consciousness, the lack of fire knowledge in response to the fire, poor escape ability, and the blockage of fire channels are also important reasons for the consequences of "small fires" and even exacerbating the consequences of accidents.

Smoking and brewing fire safety memory

In the fire accident, smoking is a very important cause of disaster. According to statistics, the total number of fires caused by smoking in recent years accounts for 7.7%. A cigarette is usually about 10 minutes, and the abandoned cigarette butt is also about 1 to 4 minutes according to its length. The surface temperature of the cigarette head is 200 degrees Celsius to 300 degrees Celsius, and the temperature of the cigarette center can reach 700 degrees Celsius to 800 degrees Celsius. The burning point of most combustible materials is lower than this temperature. For example, the paper burning point is 130 degrees Celsius, the cotton burning point is 210 degrees Celsius to 255 degrees Celsius, the natural rubber combustion point is 129 degrees Celsius, the wood combustion point is 250 degrees Celsius to 300 degrees Celsius, and the polyester fiber combustion point is 390 degrees Celsius. The center temperature of the cigarette head is 2 to 5 times that of the above material burning points.

There are many combustible and flammables in the home of ordinary residents, such as bedding, sofas, clothing, furniture, and decorative materials. Once the fire occurs, these items will be quickly burned, producing a large amount of toxic smoke such as carbon monoxide, which can easily cause personnel to dysentery. Another important reason is that these flue gas has high temperatures. After people suck into high temperature flue gas, high temperature flue gas flows through the nasal cavity, throat, and trachea into the lungs, which will burn the nasal cavity, throat, trachea, and even lungs, causing to cause it, causing to cause it, causing to cause it, causing to cause it, causing to cause it, causing to cause it, causing it The mucous membrane tissue has blisters, edema or congestion, which affects the inhalation of fresh air and the exhaust of exhaust gas, causing insufficient lung ventilation and suffocation. In addition, after the high temperature flue gas flows through the nasal cavity, throat, and trachea into the lungs, the capillaries and alveolar walls of the pulmonary trachea and bronchial walls are burned to increase the permeability of the capillaries of the capillaries, resulting in a large amount of exudate liquid accumulation in the trachea accumulated in the trachea. In the bronchial lumen and the lung quality, and the alveoli cavity, it directly affects the lungs, causing personnel to suffocate death in a short period of time.

In life, some residents like to lying on bed and sofa before going to bed or after drinking. In this case, it is easy to fall asleep during smoking. Once the cigarette butt and Mars fall into the flames, causing fires, the behavior response ability in the people in the sleeping state is relatively weak and the consequences are unimaginable.

How to prevent the "small fire dead" caused by smoking

According to statistics, the "Little Fire Dead" accident accounted for nearly 70 % of the total fires in the country in recent years. "Little fire dead" is no longer a family one, and it has become the pain of the whole society.

The city's fire department reminds you that you must eliminate smoking on the bed, and you must remind the elderly who love smoking to be able to smoke in bed and prevent the harm of fire caused by human reasons.

For elderly people who are suffering from diseases and inconvenient actions, it is best to equip mobile phones that can contact their families in time, and remind the elderly to not panic when a fire occurs, and call the "119" alarm and contact their children as soon as possible. If the fire is too strong, you can't get saving, and you should not be greedy for property, you should escape the fire field as soon as possible.

Especially for the elderly families who live alone, children should often check whether the electrical equipment lines in the home are aging, whether the entrance of the corridor and balcony is piled up to clean up the extra items in the home, especially the flammable and combustible materials.

Why does the fire of electric vehicles curb?

The small electric vehicle can pass through the streets and alleys lightly and flexibly. Electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric triangles have gradually become an important tool for travel mobility of the masses with their economic and convenient characteristics, and the amount of preservation increases rapidly. However, safety issues such as electric vehicles and storage of electric vehicles have become a major fire safety problem that plagues the residential community. In recent years, fire accidents caused by electric vehicles in the country have been common, which has caused major losses to the safety of the lives and property of the people.

Why does electric vehicle frequently fire

Error Practice 1: Excessive charging

The most taboo of electric vehicle batteries is excessive charging and discharge. Excessive charging will cause the battery to heat and bulge, and even cause the battery to explode. Therefore, the charging time should not be too long, usually 8 hours. For many batteries that have been used for 1 to 2 years, it is particularly careful when charging.

Error method 2: Flying wire charging

If the residents in the building are dense, when multiple electric vehicles are charged at the same time, the voltage will be unstable and it is likely to cause safety accidents. In addition, some people like to charging privately, which is commonly known as "flying wire charging", which will laid serious hidden safety hazards. The wires do not have any support and protection measures in the air. They will rub with the wall. The wear is very large and the probability of leakage is very high.

Error method 3: Improper use of charger

Some car owners ride the electric vehicle away, but the charger is still on the power supply, which is very dangerous. Now many families are more than one electric vehicle, and different brands of electric vehicle chargers should not be mixed. This will not only cause damage to electric vehicle batteries, but also buried hidden safety hazards. In addition, the charger is a loss consumable, and the aging damaged charger must be replaced in time.

Error method 4: Privately converted into a new hidden danger

The power power of the owner's unauthorized modification of the electric vehicle is also the cause of the fire. The country stipulates that the electric vehicle voltage should be 48V, but some owners have been converted into 84V without permission, or even higher, which accelerates the aging of the power cord. Except for the skeleton, other components are made of plastic, rubber and polyurethane materials. Most of them are flammable and combustible materials. Once the wires are short -circuit, etc., it will instantly develop to the fierce combustion stage.

In addition, the problems such as the aging line and the short -circuit of batteries are also important reasons for the fire of electric vehicles. It is recommended that users best go to the maintenance point for checkpoints for half a year to one year. In addition, after riding under high temperature weather, the car should be placed in a cool place, and the temperature of the car and the battery will be charged before charging.

It only takes 100 seconds to kill the electric vehicle for fire

High burning temperature

The fire rescue department has done experiments to ignite the electric vehicle of a lithium battery to simulate the spontaneous combustion process. After testing, the burning temperature of the burning electric vehicle can reach 604 ° C at the highest combustion and can reach 1200 ° C indoors. If the human body encounters these flames, it will burn lightly, and it will be killed.

Fast spread

Most of the electric vehicles on the market are made of flammable materials such as plastic and rubber. Experiments show that once the electric vehicle line is short -circuit, other parts will be ignited in about 2 minutes, and electric vehicles will be wrapped in high fire within 3 minutes.

Electric vehicle safety choice questions

Are these charging methods right?

If there is no time limit, it doesn't matter if it is charged, when the ride is removed again; (wrong)

If there is no electricity, it will be charged, and it will be unplugged at almost too much; (wrong)

Go to the unit in the morning and insert the power, go home to remove the electricity in the evening; (wrong)

In the community fixed place to contribute coins and charging; (yes)

Do not delay charging as usual when it rains; (wrong)

Charging at night, charging for about 10 hours at one time, not charging on rainy days. (wrong)

Guidance for electric vehicle fire prevention and self -rescue guidelines

Car purchase: Citizens should buy and use qualified electric vehicles, chargers and batteries produced by regular manufacturers, and regularly maintain electric vehicles. Do not modify electric vehicles without authorization.

Vehicle parking: Electric vehicles should be parked in a safe place. Do not park in the stairwell, evacuation channels, and safe exits.

Line socket installation and laid: The line socket charging the electric vehicle should be installed and applied by a professional electrician. Do not pick up the power line privately.

Charging: Usually charging electric vehicles should be performed outdoors as much as possible, and there are no combustible materials around the surrounding area. The electric vehicle should not be charged for more than 8 hours. Pay attention to rainy weather: It is best to park the electric vehicle in the car shed or cover it with plastic cloth to avoid the aging or corrosion of the line caused by the leakage of rainwater, bringing short -circuit hidden dangers.

Battery maintenance: The battery should be taken out of the car every time to observe the battery, wires and its heat. If the existing wires are aging, naked, or the battery is not long, it should be delivered in time to send the battery in time. Check to avoid causing disaster due to battery failure. If the fire occurs inadvertently, the following rules for escape self -rescue need to be mastered:

1. If there is no fireworks spread in the staircase and the stairs are smooth, you should first choose to escape from the stairs to the outdoor.

2. In the case of large or blocked fireworks in the stairs, do not escape along the stairs. You should go to the balcony to call for help and wait for rescue.

3. When leaving the room and found that the fire site is on the floor, you should run to the known safety evacuation exit as soon as possible. You should close it in time after the fire door. Essence

"Life Channel" Do not block it

In recent years, with the rapid development of the city, the amount of motor vehicle ownership has shown a well -spray development, and occupying and blocking fire truck channels has also become a "urban common problem." On November 26, 2016, a residential residential residential fire in Changsha, Hunan Province, and the fire truck was blocked by a motor vehicle that was parked hundreds of meters away from the community. Fire residential rescue. Due to the delay of the best time, the two trapped people were unfortunately killed. On March 27, 2019, a fire occurred on the top of a residential building in Xiamen, Fujian, and fire rescue workers rushed to the scene after receiving the police. At the intersection of more than 200 meters away from the residential residential building, a large number of private cars parked by fire trucks were blocked by a large number of private cars. Fire rescue workers had to laid water bands from long distances. Fortunately, no casualties were caused. On May 5, 2019, a fire broke out in a resident building in Yangzhou, Jiangsu. Fire rescue workers rushed to the scene as soon as possible, but they were blocked twice due to illegal parking on the fire lanes, which caused the best rescue time to make the best rescue time. Resident losses worsen.

How to manage the use unit and property enterprises should manage the fire truck channel

Fire truck channels are the road for fire trucks when fires occur, and they are "life channels" for fire -extinguishing rescue. Property service enterprises that manage the use of units or residential residential housing shall implement the following maintenance management responsibilities for fire truck channels:

(1) Establish a fire truck channel labeling line, set up warning signs, and maintain regular maintenance to ensure bright and eye -catching.

(2) Assign personnel to conduct inspections, take technical prevention measures such as installation of cameras to ensure that vehicles in the management area can only be parked in the parking lot, library or line parking spaces, shall not occupy fire truck channels, and publicize illegal occupation. Essence

(3) Parking spaces planning parking spaces in the management area shall reserve the width of fire truck channels. The net width and air height of the fire truck channel should not be less than 4 meters. The turning radius should meet the requirements of the fire truck.

(4) There must be no obstacles such as parking spaces, structures, and fixed isolation piles on the fire truck channel. There must be no obstacles such as trees, overhead pipelines, billboards, decorations and other obstacles that hinder fire trucks.

(5) The entrance and exit of fire truck channels with closed -end management shall be implemented, and the guarantee measures that are opened immediately in emergencies shall not affect fire trucks.

(6) Regularly carry out publicity and education to management objects and residents, reminding the harmfulness and illegality of occupying fire truck channels, and improving the awareness of units and mass law and fire safety.

(7) Discovering the behavior of occupying, blocking, and closed fire trucks shall be stopped and discouraged in a timely manner; if the parties refuse to obey, they shall be used to fix the evidence such as photography and camera, and immediately follow the street office, township people's government or fire protection. Report from rescue agencies and public security organs.

What are the punishment of the occupation of the fire truck channel

Article 28 of the "People's Republic of China Fire Law" stipulates that no unit or individual shall occupy, blocked, closed evacuation channels, safe exports, and fire truck channels. According to the law, if the unit occupies the blockage of the fire truck, it will be fined 5,000 yuan to 50,000 yuan, and shall be ordered to make corrections; if the individual occupies or blocks the fire truck channel, a warning or a fine of less than 500 yuan shall be punished; In this way, the implementation measures for compulsory demolition, removal, and departure can be taken for mandatory implementation, and the required costs shall be borne by illegal actors. In addition, if occupying and blocking fire truck channels, and hindering fire extinguishing rescue, according to the specific circumstances and the consequences of the damage caused by actual conditions, relevant parties may also bear the corresponding civil compensation liability and even criminal liability.

Do not let the "devil" hide in the details of the "Little Fire" accident

The first is to use fire electricity safely. Pay attention to the safety of fire and electricity at home. Do not pull the wires privately, do not use electricity, replace aging electrical equipment and lines in time. When going out, turn off the power switch. When cooking at home People, do not need to fire from others. "

The second is to prevent parking or charging electric vehicles in violation of regulations. Most of the fires caused by electric bicycles are caused by charging. Residents should not park the electric vehicles in the building's stairwells, corridors, evacuation channels, safety exports and other regions of illegal parking and charging, and resolutely eliminate the occurrence of "small fire dead" fire accidents.

The third is to prevent bed smoking. To develop the habit of smoking without lying on the sofa or bed, especially after drinking, try to smoke less or not smoke. When smoking, be sure to extinguish the cigarette butt and match stalks, put it in the ashtray. Do not put the cigarettes with randomly, keep the burning cigarette away from the combustible materials such as clothing and paper. In addition, do not carry cigarettes to carry and turn flammables to prevent the drops from falling off. Fourth, please do not block the "Life Channel". The evacuation passage and safety exports are an important life passage when fire occurs. Do not block the safety exports and stack debris on the evacuation channel, and do not set up obstacles to the fire trucks and fires on fire trucks. Once the fire occurs, it not only affects the escape of others, but also easily expands the fire, and the consequences are unimaginable.

The fifth is to care for the safety of the elderly. Caring for lonely, old and weak and disabled, helping to check the hidden dangers of indoor fires, especially inspecting gas, electrical, fire sources and its surroundings, eliminating hidden dangers in time, and instructions on fire safety precautions. Remind the elderly to clean up the combustible debris in time, do not pick up waste products at home, and do not pile up debris on the balcony and evacuation channels.

Sixth, it is promoted to install a single -point fire alarm in the home. The single -point fire alarm has the characteristics of mature, convenient installation, simple maintenance, low cost, and obvious effect. After the fire, the people can remind the people at the scene to report to the police quickly and evacuate the escape. Effective technical means of disaster "disaster.

Seventh, master the necessary escape self -rescue skills. The home should be equipped with common tools such as fire extinguishers, fire -extinguishing blankets, escape masks, and rescue ropes. It is necessary to organize the family to learn the correct escape method, familiar with the escape route and safety export. In addition, children should teach the elderly to have some knowledge about fire and self -rescue. Finally, please remember that once you find the fire, you must call the 119 fire immediately.

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