Nearly 40 % of the complaints!How to reduce noise by 10 decibels and build "Tranquility China"?

Text ｜ "China Science News" trainee reporter Liu Runan

“近十年来，噪声污染投诉量平均占居民环境投诉总量的38%以上，在某些城市甚至达到70%~80%，严重阻碍了人民生活水平与幸福指数的提高。”近日，在第At the S66 Xiangshan Science Conference, Tian Jing, a researcher at the Institute of Acoustics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, pointed out.

He said noise governance is facing new challenges. At present, key technologies in relevant core equipment and equipment are not offensive for a long time, which seriously affects the performance and development level of equipment. At the same time, scientific and technological research and development investment is scattered, each is politically politically, and the R & D application model is not cured.

How to innovate and develop noise technology and build "tranquility China"? At the meeting, experts started discussions and exchanges.

First grasp the problem of "large quantity and wide face"

At present, as the blue sky, blue water, and pure land pollution prevention and control achieved significant results, the people's expectations for the quality of ecological environment are higher. At the meeting, Mao Yuru, director of the Environmental Noise Division of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, pointed out that "noise pollution has become a shortcoming of the environmental quality of the urban and rural living environment in my country, and it is also the" urgent sorrow and difficult "that the people care about."

The national "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" and the long -view target outline of 2035 should be proposed to strengthen the control of noise pollution. On June 5th, the newly revised "Control Law of Honor pollution" began to be implemented. This put forward higher requirements for monitoring and evaluation of noise pollution, standard formulation, and main noise source analysis and control.

Participating experts believe that governance of noise pollution must first grasp the problem of "large quantity and wide face".

"In our daily life, high -frequency harsh noise such as whistle and screaming sounds are very small. It is mainly based on low -frequency noise below 500 Hertz, such as the sound of people running, friction of furniture push, sleeping, sleeping, sleeping. At that time, the buzzing sounds, etc., lack effective control methods for these noise. "Tian Jing pointed out.

Therefore, how to find low -frequency noise sources and find acoustic super materials and intelligent materials that can block it are currently a key issue that needs to be solved.

Tian Jing mentioned an example related to noise control. "Recently, technicians who do certain types of engines have found acoustic institutes, hoping to solve the problem of fatigue caused by combustion instability. I have encountered it, but now the new products have encountered an old problem. "

He believes that another challenge of noise control is to change the technology research and development and application model that changes decentralized investment, respectively, and cannot be anti -three.

Participating experts said that in terms of noise assessment and monitoring, the sound environmental quality evaluation system, technical specifications and measurement standards need to be improved.

Wen Xiangcai, deputy chief engineer of the China Environmental Monitoring Station, pointed out that the annual noise monitoring data depends on the 10 -minute test of random selected and the noise of the center of the grid at the meter -level meter, which cannot reflect the real sound environment.

"We hope that in 10-15 years, we will fully grasp the core key technologies of the noise control, reduce the major noise source radiation noise of more than 10 decibels, and naturally use the social development model of 'quiet, harmonious, beautiful'." Tian Jing said said Essence

Affects product performance and market competitiveness

For ordinary people, the biggest distress of noise is the problem of environmental pollution, but in the field of industrial manufacturing, the harm is not only there. It also affects performance stability, product competitiveness, etc., and even its decisive factor.

At the meeting, Tian Jing mentioned, "Mr. Ma Dazhen said many years ago,‘ the reason why the high -speed railway cannot run is mainly the problem of noise and vibration.

"For example, a certain type of key equipment under the traffic, the continuous vibration brought by high -speed driving will cause fatigue damage, resulting in failure or even broken accidents. At present, its life expectancy is only 1/3 of the life expectancy. To save economic costs, it is necessary to reduce vibration and noise as much as possible. "Tian Jing told the China Science Journal that as soon as the engine just mentioned, the fatigue caused by the noise will also damage the core components of the engine, leading to serious seriousness, which will cause serious seriousness ACCIDENT.

On the other hand, the product competitiveness of noise cannot be underestimated. "At present, developed countries are constantly formulating new industry noise standards and setting up technical thresholds, such as aircraft, ships and other heavy industrial products and daily home appliances. They cannot meet the corresponding standards, and products will not have international market competitiveness." Tian Jing said that because of this, the core components of many of our equipment and equipment must also rely on imports.

Jiang Weikang, Director and Professor of Shanghai Jiaotong University's vibration, impact, and noise research institute, believes that living appliances are one of the most competitive industries in my country. Power, so as to obtain higher premium rights.

Participating experts appealed that in the future, the system should systematically sort out noise pollution -related technologies and product standards, clarify the direction of the main attack, support the development of the standard development of China's advantages and independent intellectual property rights, and form a standard system with international competitiveness.

"China Science News" (2022-09-07 The 4th edition of the 4th edition)

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