Beijing Flower bed Flower Realm plant Breeding R & D and Industry Development | Dynamics

Author | Li Meixia Du Jing Gao Chunli Shan Hongchen Li Haibo

Flower flowers are an important way for urban beautification. Generally, flower bed flowers are rich in plant species and strong ornamental, which has built a beautiful landscape for the city. The traditional Chinese flower bed flowers are relatively monotonous. In the 1990s, Beijing began to introduce foreign varieties on a large scale, which significantly enriched the types of flower bed flowers and improved the level of placement and planting. However, the introduction of varieties often has the problem of "soil and soil dissatisfaction". It is not ideal in breeding, cultivation and application. At the same time, there are restrictions on the restrictions of foreign flower companies in terms of variety rights. In order to solve the problem from the source, cultivate the new varieties of flower beds made of flower beds in China, reduce import dependence, and save production costs, Beijing has launched the collection and breeding of flower bed flowers in the flower bed of plant germplasm resources in the 1970s. Research on technical bottleneck breakthrough, new excellent flower variety research and development and related breeding technology system. In 2010, the "Beijing Flower Breeding R & D Innovation Team" was set up to give full play to the advantages of the capital's scientific and technological advantages, and concentrated their strengths to carry out the research and development of flower beds for flower bed flowers for urban greening and beautification and achieved fruitful results. The development of the flower industry has made important contributions.

R & D team construction

At present, the Beijing Flower Terms of Flower Breeding R & D Team is mainly composed of five experts in different research directions. The innovation team of Beijing Institute of Garden Sciences focuses on the breeding, quality inspection, and demonstration promotion of major garden flowers such as red, Wanshouju and other major garden flowers with new excellent color and anti -inverse breeding breeding. Liu Kefeng, a researcher at Beijing Agricultural College, led the team to focus on a bunch of flowers such as red and sage. The ornamental grass R & D team created by Wu Juying, a researcher at the Beijing Grass Industry and Environmental Research and Development Center, is committed to digging and using the local local viewing grass resources to cultivate excellent ornamental grass varieties with good adaptability, strong resistance, and high ornamental. Researcher Zhang Jinzheng Institute of Botanical Research Institute and Beijing Huamu Co., Ltd. jointly cultivated the development of the breeding of drought resistance, heat resistance, dwarf continuous flowering, and fascinating types of hemerocac 'varieties; A branches of hemerocallis breeding research and development team cultivated a series of new varieties with continuous flowering and long single flowers.

▲ A string of red Chang'an Street flower bed flowers application

Innovation of breeding R & D and supporting technology

In response to the problems of poor viewing of flowers in Beijing's extreme climate and water resources, the Beijing Flower Breeding R & D team actively collects various types of quality resources and identified and built the garden to cultivate more than 500 new products. Among them, through Beijing 97 are authorized by municipalities or national new varieties and 58 international login. These varieties include more than 40 reds and new colors, 28 views of grass, 6 new flowers Wanshouju, as well as many varieties such as peacock grass, goldfish grass, dwarf cow, and three -color tadpoles. The Beijing Agricultural College team has established a bunch of red as the core of a mile -based plant hybrid breeding technology system to cultivate more than 200 and more than 20 types of red excellence in different types of high, medium and low plants. A string of red "colorful bells" series, compared with imported varieties, has good thermal resistance and full plant type. The joint team of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Huamu Co., Ltd. cultivates and promotes more than 10 hemerocallis varieties, as well as 4 iris and 3 jade cricket varieties; Beijing Forestry University Baicao Team screens more than 50 new flowers of hemerocallis and completes the variety international login work Essence The Beijing Grass Industry and Environmental Research and Development Center created more than 200 new products of drought resistance, yin resistance, and salt -resistant plants, which promoted the development of my country's conservation garden construction. The cultivation of the new types of independent property rights has further enriched the construction materials of Beijing and national garden landscape flower beds, flowers, flowers, and sea of ​​flowers.

▲ Watching grass at Beijing Grass Industry and Environmental Research and Development Center in Beijing Yanqing Landscape Farmland Demonstration Application

In addition, in order to break the quality of flowers and plant seedlings in the domestic market, the quality of the seedlings of plant seedlings of flower beds, the estimation of large -scale, and intensive production bottlenecks, the Beijing flower breeding R & D team has carried out a lot of work in high -quality seedlings, high -efficiency cultivation, and low -cost maintenance. R & D, formulation, and promotion of more than 20 local and industry standards have achieved good economic, social and ecological benefits. For example, the team of Beijing Garden Science Research Institute jointly formulated a variety of grass -flower seedlings production technology standards, which basically achieved the production of high -quality, high -quality, and large -scale seedlings in Beijing. The team of Beijing Agricultural College overcomes a string of red -far -fate hybrid obstacles, and uses a string of red and plant far -fate grafting technology to obtain a national invention patent. Beijing Forestry University's hemerocallis breeding R & D team has established a supporting breeding system for messeng seed breeding, branch reproduction and organizational training, laying the foundation for the rapid expansion of new varieties. The team of Beijing Grass Industry and Environmental Research and Development Center formulated 10 ornamental grass industries or local standards, and completed the research and development of high -efficiency breeding technologies such as sowing, branching, and cutting of new varieties of ornamental grass. The anti -inverse cultivation and low -cost industry -ornamental grass variety industrialization and utilization technical system, which is a technical system, has significantly improved the quality of seedling seedlings, reduced the cost of production and planting management, and has become a model for the construction of garden and green space in northern my country.

Achievement transformation and market development

After years of efforts of the R & D team, the cultivation and technological promotion results of the new and technological promotion of the flower bed of flower bed flowers. As of now, the Beijing Flower Breeding R & D team has promoted hundreds of new and new varieties of autonomous intellectual property flower beds, and more than 20 related integrated technologies have been applied to have achieved good economic and social benefits. ▲ New varieties of forrential hemerocallis from Beijing Forestry University

▲ Wanshouju New Variety of Beijing Institute of Garden Science

First of all, market demand and scientific and technological support promoted the development of the local flower industry in Beijing. According to statistics, the production area of ​​flower bed flowers in Beijing is more than 10,000 acres, with an annual output of more than 130 million pots. It is mainly distributed in Shunyi, Daxing, Fangshan, and Changping. Shunyi District has the largest production area, with an annual output of 50 million pots, rich in variety, obvious gathering trend, and continuously enhanced R & D capabilities. Relying on Beijing Huamu Co., Ltd. and Beijing Huaxiang Huamu Group and other leading enterprises, Shunyi District has formed a thousand acres of flower science and technology achievement transformation parks. It has independently developed more than 40 flower beds with chrysanthemums and hemerocallis. The seedlings of 3 million seedlings have been driven by new varieties demonstration, technical guidance, and consulting through new varieties demonstration, technical guidance, and consulting, promoting farmers' employment and increasing income to become rich. Beijing's hutant flower bed flowers have become the main force supplying Beijing's urban garden greening.

Secondly, the new varieties and technological promotion of flower bed flowers in Beijing's independent intellectual property rights have moved from Beijing to the country. The Beijing Agricultural College team has been promoted throughout the country since 2010, including new red, sage varieties and related breeding technologies, including Beijing, Inner Mongolia Hulunbuir, Dali, Yunnan, Tai'an, Shandong, and Hainan Wuzhishan. The team participated in the creation of the "Shili Gallery" of Beijing Yanqing. During the early July to early October, the construction of the lavesele landscape demonstration zone was built, which improved the quality of the landscape of the ground and promoted the development of the rural ecological tourism industry in the region. The new excellent variety and related supporting technologies of the Beijing Garden Science Research Institute of Garden Science Research Institute have been widely used in Beijing, Hebei, Shanxi, Liaoning and other parks, municipal engineering, and major festivals environment. Plant), the cost of creating economic benefits and saving economic costs is one million yuan, and the landscape effect is significant.

Third, the development of industry -university -research cooperation has promoted the transformation of research and development results. The Beijing Agricultural College team cooperated with a number of enterprises and institutions such as the Institute of Flower Research of the Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences to promote a series of new varieties such as red and other lame tails, establish a cooperative relationship with the Dutch flower company, and carry out a string of red "color bells". The series of international market tests allows self -cultivation to the world. Professor Gao Yike's team promoted new varieties of hemerocallis in a number of scenic spots such as Beijing Botanical Garden, promoted scientific research in the field of plants in plants, participated in the Shanghai Hemorizer Culture Festival, etc., creating a hemeroca brand and culture, and achieved good social benefits. Beijing Grass Industry and Environmental Research and Development Center signed more than 20 domestic enterprises such as Clawvo (Beijing) Ecological Technology Group Co., Ltd. and other domestic companies to sign results transformation or technical service agreement. The above, the direct economic benefits of more than 30 million yuan, radiation has driven more than 100 companies in 23 provinces and cities across the country to engage in the production of ornamental grass seedlings. The core technology coverage rate is as high as 90%, making Beijing a "gardening capital capital".

In general, the research and development of flower bed flowers in Beijing, and the "Beijing Flower" brand has gradually moved from Beijing to the whole country and even the world.

▲ A series of reds of Beijing Agricultural College in Dali in Yunnan

In the context of building a high -quality development of the beautiful China and garden industries, the quality of urban and rural ecological landscapes has improved, and flower bed flowers with extensive management must be useful. In the future, we need to thoroughly tap my country's rich plant resources, continue to cultivate new varieties of flower bed flowers with low maintenance, strong adaptability, good quality, and suitable for domestic market promotion, solve the bottleneck of lack of independent property rights, integrate supporting technologies and supporting technologies and support for different needs The application model demonstration provides high -quality plant materials for the construction of urban garden greening in Beijing and even the country, and contributes to the construction of ecological civilization in my country.

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