There are less than 50 cases of golden blood types worldwide, and a special blood type library is established in Henan

Dahe Health News reporter Zhang Baofu

A few days ago, Taizhou People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University in Jiangsu found that the blood type of a female patient was a rare O -type RHNULL type.

It is understood that this blood type blood can be provided to anyone who needs blood transfusion, known as "golden blood type". This means that if she is a blood donor, she can provide her blood to any patient who needs to be transfusion, no matter what blood type this blood is.

Unfortunately, once people with this blood type need blood transfusion, they often accept the same blood type blood.

What is golden blood type? How did it happen? In response to these issues, the reporter interviewed relevant experts.

Due to severe anemia, gold blood type is found

On August 30, Ms. Wang, who was in her 50s, went to Taizhou People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University for severe anemia.

Gao Lingbao, director of the Department of Blood of the Academy, found that he had made conventional ABO and RH blood type identification for him, and prepared to distribute her blood based on the identification results. However, after the routine examination, the blood distribution provided by the hospital cannot match the blood of Ms. Wang. In -depth inspection party knows that it is an O RHNULL. Ms. Wang is not only RHD negative (commonly known as panda blood), but her RHC, RHC, RHE, and RHE are negative (RHNULL), plus her ABO blood type is O, which means that as a blood donor, blood is blood, blood, blood, blood It can be provided to any patient who needs to be transfusion, but if he needs to transfuse itself, he can only find the same blood type.

The staff went to Ms. Wang's home for a blood test for the brothers and sisters, and found that Ms. Wang was the same as her blood type.

Gold blood type is one of the rare blood type

Data show that blood type is a method of blood classification, usually refers to the type of red blood cells, and its basis is whether there are certain hereditary antigen substances on the surface of the red blood cells.

The antigen can be protein, sugar, sugar protein or sugar fat. Generally, some antigens come from an equal genes of the same gene or the encoding products of several genes that are closely chased, and these antigens form a blood -type system. "Our department also discovered a similar case as Ms. Wang a few years ago." Ma Xiaoli, director of the blood type blood type blood type blood type research office of the Red Cross Henan Province, told reporters that Rhnull is a kind of rare blood type. More rare.

It is reported that the Rhnull blood type is called "golden blood type", and the probability of the crowd is one -six million in the crowd. After the blood type was discovered in 1960, there were less than 50 cases around the world, and there were only 4 domestic reports. The O -type Rhnull is even less, and now Two cases in Taizhou are particularly precious. Ma Xiaoli said that there are currently 43 types of red blood cell blood types confirmed by the International Blood Transfer Association (ISBT), of which a series of rare blood type systems such as RH, Kell, MNS, P, DIEGO, LEWIS, Duffy are included.

Among all blood type systems, the most widely used is ABO blood type system and RH blood type system. The RH blood type system is one of the most complicated systems in human blood type systems. Any RHD antigen on the human red blood cells is called RHD positive, and the RHD negative. The accurate detection of red blood cell blood type system is extremely important for patients, because once infusion of blood, in a short period of time, it will cause blood transfusions such as respiratory rapids and respiratory failure to cause life danger. Most of the blood transfusion reactions caused by the RH system are delayed. It is a delayed hemolytic solvation reaction caused by internal tissues outside the vascular, which leads to jaundice, extreme anemia, and hemolytic reactions.

According to Ma Xiaoli, the blood type research room is a clinical blood transfusion foreign service department in the Red Cross Henan Henan Province, and it is also a laboratory for the scientific research of blood transfusion medicine. The main task is the RHD negative confirmation, antibody screening, difficult blood type identification, and more than 70 medical institutions sent by the test center of the detection center, and the various emergency testing and difficulty of sieved the blood sent by more than 70 medical institutions in Zhengzhou. Provide blood transfusion technology consulting and training. The department's responsibility is to serve the clinical blood bank and service clinical blood institution to ensure blood transfusion safety.

Henan is establishing a special blood type library

Those with rare blood types only account for a small proportion of the Han people, and they have a large liquidity, which is extremely inconvenient to connect. If there is no sufficient rare blood supply, once the group of life is dying, the consequences are unimaginable.

As early as November 2013, the Henan Provincial Rare Blood type Association was announced at the Red Cross Blood Center in Henan Province. The staff formed a team of RH -negative blood type volunteer blood donors through a large number of visits and work to ensure the use of blood type patients with blood types of rare blood types. , Especially emergency blood supply.

Ma Xiaoli told reporters that the Red Cross Blood Center of Henan Province plans to establish a special blood type library in 3 years. The blood type library covers the ABO subtype, RH system mutant, rare blood type and special antibody. Library, once patients with rare blood types need to use blood, the library can blend suitable blood to ensure clinical blood transfusion safety. For special blood types such as some extremely extreme RH system variants, the center will freeze red blood cells frozen, and the preservation period can reach about 10 years. In the meantime, if there is a need for blood, professionals will adjust red blood cells and apply them to patients.

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