Earthquake Science | Who said "small waist" can't carry it?

Author:Sichuan Earthquake Administrat Time:2022.09.05

What is the tallest building in Guangzhou?

The answer must be the Guangzhou Tower, the full name is the Guangzhou TV Tower, which is located near Chigang Tower in Haizhu District, Guangzhou, and is only 125 meters from the south bank of the Pearl River. The main body of its tower is 454 meters high, plus the 146 -meter antenna mast, the total height just reached 600 meters.

The shape of the Guangzhou Tower is fresh and refined, and is very individual. It is nicknamed "small waist" by the world.

However, at the beginning of the construction of the Guangzhou Tower, the personality design of the "small waist" of the "small waist" gave the engineers in my country a problem of disrupting the principles of architecture. Because this personality design makes the entire tower large and small, the middle is thin, and the top is thick, which breaks the principle of low center of gravity; it is hollowed out and breaks the dense principle; Breaking the symmetrical design principles.

In addition to the above problems, more importantly, how to build such a high building, how to resist wind and earthquake resistance is also the top priority.

So how to resist wind and earthquakes?

Damper

First, there must be "Dinghai God Needle" -the damrs.

Usually, its shape is designed as a huge sphere, weighing hundreds of tons, located on the top of the building of high -rise buildings. For example, on the top of the Tower of Taipei 101, there is such a large steel ball weighing 660 tons. It is hung at the top of the building, which can relieve the vibration of the building when blowing or earthquake.

The damped device of the Taipei 101 Building

This large steel ball is indeed a artifact, but is it so elegant in the Guangzhou Tower, is it enough to put a few "big steel balls"?

In order to further ensure the safety of the Guangzhou Tower, the design engineers thought of a clever way: let the fire -fighting tank turned into a shock absorption artifact and become a "shock -absorbing water tank".

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The engineers installed two iron firewood tanks of 540 tons of capacity at the top of the tower. The water tank was equipped with orbit with a control device.

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When the water tank is used as a damper, when the tower is shaking, the water tank slides in the opposite direction to eliminate the shaking of the tower; and once the building fires, when the external fire protection force cannot be in place, these two water tanks can bear two hours of hours of the water tank for two hours. Spray the fire extinguishing task to win valuable time for the escape of the personnel.

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Therefore, there are two places in the Guangzhou tower tower. One of the two pendulum metal balls located on the top of the top of the tower is used to ease the swing of the antenna, while the fire tank on the top layer is used to reduce the acceleration of the tower vibration.

Two damped device in Guangzhou Tower (picture source:@广广)

hollow-carved design

In addition to the damping device, the hollow shape design of Guangzhou Tata can also play a role in wind resistance and earthquake resistance.

The hollow shape of the Guangzhou Tower has been cleverly designed by structural design experts, which not only does not become a disadvantage of building safety, but has become a advantage that is beneficial to structural wind resistance and earthquake resistance.

Because of its ventilation, the wind resistance will be relatively small. Due to the complicated structure, when the wind blows, the Guangzhou Tower will form a chaos, which is not easy to form a single direction wind or strong wind vortex, which exerts too strong side force to the tower. At the same time, the hollow external form greatly reduces the self -weight of the building, so that the Guangzhou Tower can face in a lighter attitude when facing the earthquake, and the earthquake resistance has also been greatly improved.

In the end, after the efforts of the engineer team, the Guangzhou Tower won the world's admiration with the ultra -high intensity that can achieve 8 degrees of earthquake resistance and the ultra -high intensity of the 12 typhoons, and the ultra -long durability of more than 100 years of use.

Today, the "small waist" has become a well -deserved landmark building in Guangzhou, and it is a window for Guangzhou to spread Guangzhou culture to the world. In 2011, the "Xiaoman waist" won the highest award of China Construction Project -Luban Award. This is an affirmation of the team of "Xiaoman waist" engineers, and it is also an affirmation of all scientific researchers participating in the research work of the "Xiaoman waist".