Heaven and earth are one step forward

On September 1st, Shenzhou 14 of Shenzhou 14 was performed by a business trip in space. This is also the first out -of -the cabin mission to ask the Tianshi experimental compartment since the raids. The two -out -of -cabin astronauts Chen Dong and Liu Yang had a great challenge to the extreme environment to their bodies and spirit. They cooperated with Cai Xuzhe and the ground flight control staff in the cabin to successfully complete this outlet event event. Task. What are the highlights of this outlet event, and what new equipment will be unveiled during the execution process?

At 0:33 on September 2, Beijing time, after about 6 hours of outlet activities, Shenzhou No. 14 astronaut Chen Dong, Liu Yang, and Cai Xuzhe worked closely to complete all the tasks during the compartment activities. Chen Dong and Liu Yang returned safely to return. Asked the experimental cabin, the outlet event achieved a complete success.

Let's put our eyes back to 18:26 on September 1st. On the space track of about 400 kilometers from the ground, astronaut Chen Dong successfully opened the door of the compartment of the Timi Experimental Class, and began Shenzhou 14 The first off -cabin trip of the astronaut. Unlike Shenzhou 12 and Shenzhou 13 multiplication group from the node compartment of the sky and the core compartment, Shenzhou 14 astronauts are out of the air gates of the test compartment. Compared with the node compartment of the sky and the core cabin, the internal space of the air gate in the experimental compartment is larger, nearly 14 cubic meters, and the door door is more spacious.

Zhu Guangchen, deputy chief designer of the Fifth Hospital of Aerospace Science and Technology Group and Space Station: The diameter of the cabin door of the air gate is 1 meter, and the original cabin door diameter is 850 mm. It is a relatively comfortable diameter.

Not only is it greater and more comfortable. As a dedicated outlet passage, the air gate is still in the place where there are many conveniences, which will become the first choice for the spacemen to go out of the cabin in the future.

Zhu Guangchen, deputy chief planner of the Fifth Hospital of Aerospace Science and Technology Group and Space Station: The position of the air gates is at the end of the entire sealing cabin, which is the blind end. From this position, it will not have much impact on other cabins. For example, after the node cabin is out of the cabin, after the node cabin is pressed, the entire cabin cannot enter the person, and the traffic of the entire space station will be temporarily interrupted for a while. However, this problem does not exist from the air gate of the sky cabin.

Because it is the first time the air gate is enabled, the smooth out of the space officer is the focus of the technician's most concerned. This time, there is also a obvious difference between the outlet and the past. The outlet of the air gate is facing the earth. When the cabin came out of the cabin, the astronauts directly saw the earth.

Zhu Guangchen, deputy chief designer of the Fifth Hospital of Aerospace Science and Technology Group and Space Station: The position of the two mouths is different. It is considered by the design of the space station and the design of the effective load. The direction of the ground is to be a manned spacecraft. The experimental cabin is mainly experiments, and it is conducive to exposed experiments in the direction of the sky, so this position is left to the valid load, so that the person out of the cabin out of the direction of the cabin is out of the cabin.

Seeing the earth after the cabin, it also gave the astronauts a very clear sense of orientation. Therefore, after Shenzhou 14th astronauts came out of the cabin, we first saw such a scene: China Space Station, Card Aerospace, Earth, and asked the heavenly robotic arm appeared in the same picture. When the astronauts come out of the cabin, after fixed the limited position of the feet, fix the outside of the cabin to the platform where the limiter is located. From the appearance, the equipment used in this cabin looks similar to the previous few times, but in fact, the technicians have made a lot of subtle optimization.

According to the previous feedback after the astronauts came out of the cabin, the tools used by the spacemen's outlets were further optimized from weight, material, etc. This off -cabin was 4 kg lighter than the past. Most people understand that there is no gravity on space, and there seems to be no difference between the astronauts. Why should you make such adjustments?

Wang Zhe, the Five Hospital of Aerospace Science and Technology Group's Fifth Hospital and the Deputy Director of the Aerospace Product Design: The structure of several main inheritance has been optimized to a certain extent to make it overall quality, including its quality and rotation inertia. Essence Because when the astronauts are operating, it is the bottom armrest. If the quality of it (outside the cabin) is closer to the position of his hand, the better the operation, the smaller the inertia, and the effort when swinging.

All the efforts made by science and technology personnel are more efficient and safer when the astronauts came out of the cabin. This time, there is a task to install a cable protective cover, which is also a improvement based on the individual feelings when the spaceman came out of the cabin. After opening the door, astronaut Chen Dong carefully installed the protective cover on the cable. Subsequently, the tasks of the spacemen's outlets were raised at the panoramic camera, installed the expansion pump group, and the self -transfer emergency return emergency return ability verification of the cabin was performed by the astronauts when the cabin was out of the cabin.

Zhu Guangchen, deputy chief designer of the Fifth Hospital of Aerospace Science and Technology Group and Space Station: Because there are a large number of cameras outside the cabin, this job has this job on each new cabin. Realization will increase the complexity of the entire system, and when aerospace officers perform out -of -class activity tasks at the beginning, they should also be gradual. Starting from some more conventional operating projects, the complexity is gradually increased after finishing.

The outlet mission is from easy to difficult, to ensure that it is foolproof. Whether it is from the design of the process or the improvement of equipment, every subtle progress of Chinese manned spaceflight comes from the personal practice of astronauts and the careful development of scientific researchers. In addition to the performance of the space clerk, the star -the star -small robotic arm was also very concerned. Earlier, when the Shenzhou 12 and Thirteen multiplied groups were used out of the cabin, they all used large robotic arms, and this time the small robotic arm was responsible for transporting spacemen outside the cabin. The length of the core cabin robotic arm is 10.2 meters, while the small robotic arm is nearly 6 meters.

Before performing the mission of this cabin, the small robotic arm successfully completed the rail test with the support of the ground personnel. Through the joints, small robotic arm can realize the exercise ability similar to human arms. Compared with the positioning accuracy of the large robotic arm end, the position accuracy is 5 times better than the large arm, and the attitude accuracy is 2 times better than the big arm. In the future, small robotic arms can also form a combined robotic arm with large robotic arms, becoming a good helper for astronauts to perform tasks.

Wang Wei, director of the Fifth Hospital of Aerospace Science and Technology Group and the overall research office of the Space Station: The small robotic arm cannot be transferred, but it can transfer the astronauts. When the cabin is out of the cabin, the astronauts can stand on the small robotic arm. On the large robotic arm, you can also stand on a small robotic arm. Even in the future, you can connect the large robotic arm and small robotic arm into a 15 -meter -long combined arm, standing on the combined arm for a larger range of transfer.

With the help of small robotic arms, this out -of -the -cabin event is perfect. After the launch of the Mengtian experimental cabin, nearly a thousand scientific research projects will be carried out in the entire space station. In the process, there is a heavy task -regular recycling and replacement of experimental equipment exposed to space, and finally bring back to the ground to scientists. With the precision coordination of the size of the robotic arm, there is no need to work hard to operate every time.

Qi Tian's experimental cabin is the first scientific experimental compartment of China Space Station. After it was launched, the astronauts have completed the unlocking and assembly of a gravity scientific experimental cabinet, a scientific glove box, a low -temperature storage device, and a biotechnology experimental cabinet in the experimental cabin. In the "Lesson First Class" on September 1st, astronaut Cai Xuzhe also introduced to children across the country the "Xiao Wei" who was thrived in the experimental cabin.

While looking forward to the smoothness of rice "Xiaowei" experiments, with the construction and improvement of the Chinese space station, more scientific experiments will gradually begin, which is expected.

Zhang Wei, director of the China Academy of Sciences Space Application Engineering and Technology Center Application Development Center: Our plan is equivalent to forming a complete plan. We hope All aspects will be fruitful. I hope to build a space station into a national space laboratory. Through this laboratory for more than 10 years, it runs stable operation. We hope that some scientific and technological achievements can be continuously produced and at the same time serve human beings.

Since the launch of the launch on June 5 this year, the Shenzhou No. 14 Aerospace Command has gradually carried out a large number of scientific experiments in rail science. 2022 is the decisive year of the decisive battle to complete the construction of China Space Station. Building a China Space Station and building a national space laboratory are an important goal of achieving the "three steps" strategy of manned aerospace project. It is an important symbol of building a aerospace power and a strong science and technology country. In the next October, the Mengtian experimental cabin will be launched, and the three cabins of the China Space Station will form a "T" basic configuration to complete the tracking of the China Space Station. The space is vast, and the journey is long, and the footsteps of Chinese astronauts have never stopped.

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