Avenue move forward to a new highland 丨 vowed to seek rice beam for the world

【business card】

After the successful research and development of the three -series hybrid rice and the two -department hybrid rice, and the large -scale promotion, in recent years, Hunan breeders have been avoiding the shortcomings based on the first two generations of hybrid rice. The third generation of hybrid rice. This is a new idea, that is, the use of ordinary hidden nuclear male infertility systems as the parent, and the new type of hybrid rice made of conventional varieties and products as the parent -based, has the advantages of freedom of partnership and stability.

Hunan Daily All Media Reporter Zhou Yang Le Hufen

Correspondent Wei Ke

In the season, the hybrid rice of Qingzhu Village, Xiangyangqiao Street, Hengnan County, has a double -season yield of 1,500 kg of demonstration fields in the demonstration field. The early rice began to spifts, and the late rice is about to sow.

This 30 -acre paddy field has attracted the attention of the country in recent years. The second and third -generation varieties selected by Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center joined forces to "take the test" in the morning and evening rice. In the past two years, the double -season yield was 1530.76 kg and 1603.9 kg. Metropolitan goals. This year, the early rice in the field has replaced the variety of high yield potential.

Every time it is related, it is a challenge to the limit! At the origin and base of hybrid rice research, Hunan breeders shoulder the mission of ensuring national food safety. Whether it is the upgrade of hybrid rice breeding technology, or the selection of super rice, low cadmium rice, saline -resistant rice, etc. He has been leading the industry at the forefront of the industry.

Do "test tube surgery":

The third -generation technology allows hybrid rice to achieve "freedom of marriage"

High yield, high yield, higher yield! This is the eternal theme of hybrid rice fields. It is the confidence that tailor the rice bowl in its own hands. It is the only weapon to deal with the grain crisis.

The late rice players who participated in the 1500 kg of Hengnan Shuangya rice were called "Sanyou 1". It is currently the results of the latest third -generation hybrid rice breeding technology. In 2020 and 2021, the yields reached 911.7 kg and 936.1 kg, respectively.

(The third -generation hybrid rice Hengnan Demonstration Zone in Qingzhu Village, Hengnan County, operates in the field of production in Hengnan Demonstration Zone, is operating in the field.

"Academician Yuan Longping once regarded the third -generation hybrid rice technology as the key to breaking through the" ceiling "of the per mu." In early June, the reporter saw in the office of Li Niqi, a researcher at Hunan Hunan Research Center. The third -generation hybrid rice technology cultivated the seeds of the male infertility of the genetic engineering, he regards it as a treasure.

In the next room, several staff members wearing goggles, under the light of the fluorescent lamp, carefully distinguished these seeds with tweezers.

It turns out that the seeds are divided into two colors -the red is "son", which can be cultivated to continue breeding the mother -in -law; the colorless is "daughter", male infertility, used to hybridize species.

"The third generation of technology is to perform the 'test tube surgery' for the infertility system before Xia Tian, ​​so that it has a" children's double full '. "Li NVI told reporters that this can overcome the limitations of the three -series infertility system and the two series infertility. The disadvantages of unstable reproduction.

But what should I do?

In 2011, the third -generation technical research team was established. Li Xinqi said frankly that at the beginning, they had no bottom, and they could only try a little bit.

(Jiyang District, Sanya City, Hainan Province, Sanyin Test Base of Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Dr. Li Jianwu, an expert in rice cultivation, choose a small variety of parent -based parents like surgery, cut ears, go to male artificial hybrid pollination. Hunan Daily All Media Reporter Guo Liliang)

In the laboratory, under the microscope, various gene fragments and medium, they have taken root in 5 years and organized tens of thousands of seedlings. And this is the first step of success.

Plant the rice fields of tens of thousands of seedlings and wait until they are strong. Fortunately, they found the only rice "children's doubles" -own 3 "children" 4 "women".

The three "life roots" were kept on Hainan "South Fan". Two of them were successful, and they also achieved "children's doubles".

The "IVE rice" technology is in hand. Next, it is to choose "Ruyi Langjun" for "daughter" to cultivate offspring with hybrid advantages.

The Li Xinqi team has "wedding matching" more than 1,000 combinations each year, planting 30 offspring of each combination to observe its performance and performance. Until 2018, the team selected "Sanqi 1" and became the leader of late rice hybrid rice. Later, the selected "Sanyou 2" was a good result of 1085.99 kg per mu in Miyi County, Sichuan Province. "The third -generation hybrid rice has a high -yield, high -quality and efficient comprehensive biological advantage." Li NVI told reporters that in the past two years, the third -generation hybrid rice has tried a total of thousands of acres in hundreds of places across the country, showing that Strong vitality and adaptability.

A shock of 100 acres of production 1200 kg:

Continue to write super rice legend

In my country, more than 60%of the population uses rice as rations. Therefore, the potential of tapping rice production is the key to ensuring food safety. Super rice is the "three good students" in the rice industry, representing my country's rice production level.

Since the 1980s, some places abroad have launched super rice plans, but have not achieved their goals so far.

In China, Hunan breeding experts wrote legends with records again and again.

(Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center Haitang Bay Base, Hainan Province, harvester harvested the rice test demonstration field.

In 2000, 2004, 2011, and 2014, Academician Yuan Longping's team successfully achieved the goals of 100 acres of continuous production of 700 kg, 800 kg, 900 kg, and 1,000 kg, and broke the world records many times.

Behind the dazzling record is to think about meditation and meditation again and again ...

"It is also an increase of 100 kilograms. Why is the second to the third phase, the time spent is relatively long?" Deng Qiyun, the chief scientist of the super hybrid rice breeding expert and the chief scientist of Hunan Yuanchuang Super Rice Technology Co., Ltd. The new route of breeding of the hybrid rice, so the willow is dark.

At that time, the second phase of super rice representative variety "Y Two You No. 1" Y58S was a "super mother" that breeds the safe and high -yield and adaptive adaptability of hybrid rice seeds. To continue the output leap, Deng Qiyun decided to find a breakthrough in his father's book.

He and his students did a lot of experiments and research. In the field, from the "child" of rice to "adults", they followed and observed throughout the process to determine and digitize the characteristics of the whole fertility plant type.

In a large amount of data, they find that the formal improvement can also be further improved through the two directions of "all -planted plant type" and "dynamic ideal plant type", which can greatly increase the use of the entire fertility period of the rice group, and it can also be possible. Increase the potential of rice varieties.

The technical ideas are clear, and the breeding operation is easier to achieve. As a result, they shaped a "beautiful man" with a perfect form: high crown layer, short spikes, medium large ears, high resistance ...

Later, the "Y Two Excellent No. 2" born by "Beautiful Men" and "Super Mother" won the third phase of the Chinese Super Hybrid Rice Breeding Project in one fell swoop.

(Qianbi community in Shilong Street, Longshan County, a high -quality hybrid rice in the fields is golden. Photo by Zeng Xianghui)

Seven years later, in 2018, the "Super Outstanding Mill" selected by the Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, "Super Hybrid Rice Demonstration Base" in Yunnan, refreshed the world record of large rice planting output production, reaching 1152.3 per mu, Kilogram.

This year, the center provided two super rice varieties for an old base. It was growing up and was moving towards the target of 1,200 kg of 100 kg of production proposed by Academician Yuan Longping.

"Tibetan food in the ground":

The landless place also changes the granary

"At present and in the future, the pattern of tight food supply and demand in my country will not change. Grain production is fundamentally in cultivated land and roads." Xu Jingbo, deputy dean of the Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences and secretary of the party committee of Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, the third generation of the third generation, the third generation The cultivation of hybrid rice technology and super rice varieties is to implement "hiding grain in technology", and the study of low cadmium rice and saline -resistant rice is the implementation of "hiding food in the ground."

In 2017, Zhao Bingran, a researcher at Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, used gene editing technology to develop the first generation of low cadmium rice varieties. By transforming rice genes, "turn off" the "switch" of cadmium pollution.

At that time, internationally renowned academic journals published papers demonstration: genetic mutations would cause rice output to decline.

Is this really true? Zhao Bingran "does not believe in evil."

The team sowed the first generation of low cadmium rice in more than 10 test fields in 3 provinces in the central region. Different soil types and cadmium polluting fields, and finally the cadmium content was reduced by more than 90%compared with the original control varieties, stable and low stability and low. There is no significant difference in national limited standard value, and production and rice quality are significantly different from the original variety.

The output is guaranteed, and the low cadmium rice after genetic editing is listed as genetically modified management by the state, and market promotion is a problem.

How to do? There is another approach!

Zhao Bingran thought of using mutant -gifted transgenic methods. Popularly speaking, it is no longer artificial editing genes, but in a natural way to allow the variety to "evolve" itself, and has the ability to refuse to absorb cadmium pollution.

However, physical and chemical mutation is random and low -frequency, which may also cause different genetic mutations. How to do?

Zhao Bingran said: "As long as the‘ fish ’is mutated in cadmium genes in the pond, it will always“ fish ”!"

After many failures in the exploration, the team finally invented the so -called "fish fishing" patent technology, and in 110,000 samples, "fishing" 3 "fish". They then worked hard to cultivate the first cadmium and low cadmium accumulated hybridization group "Lian Two You 1" at home and abroad, and high -end high -quality fragrant cadmium cadmium low accumulation of rice "Shaoxiang 100". Faced with the situation of small cultivated land area and shortage of freshwater resources in my country, Hunan breeders who worried about the world also chose to meet the difficulties and ask the granary to be influential!

"The third -generation hybrid rice has entered the sea and rice!" Li Xinqi revealed that in 2019, "Three Young No. 8" as a salt -resistant rice yield of 329 kg, compared with the standard of 0.6%of salt tolerance, it can be available. It reaches more than 0.9%. "If you can make 100 million acres of good fields in saline and alkali land, you can get 30 billion kilograms of food a year." He calculated happily.

In order to ensure the safety of national food, agricultural researchers in Hunan generations continued to work and contributed "grain strategies" to national and world food security.

On the morning of May 31st, at the Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice State, Tang Wen Gang, Director of Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, hosted the "Internal Exchange Conference of Rice Innocent Reproductive Research Research". progress.

This is another bold assumption in the world's rice industry! We seem to see that Academician Yuan Longping's ultimate strategic design of hybrid rice development is a step closer to us ...

【Youth Observation】

The motherland is so big

And we look so like

Wu Zizi (Liaoning ship retired soldiers)

On May 22, 2021, Academician Yuan Longping, the father of "hybrid rice", died. At that time, I was a naval warrior on the Liaoning ship, and was deeply sad to lose the great and kind elderly man in his hometown.

One year later, how good! As a youth observer of Hunan Daily, I came to the place where he had worked -Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center.

Here, I met Grandpa Yuan's students and colleagues during his lifetime. In the field, they were facing the scorching sun, looking for "independent seedlings" from tens of thousands of rice plants; in the laboratory, they explored genetic passwords to allow rice to obediently obedient; in the conference room, they shared the latest discovery that the lip, the sword of the tongue, the sword of the tongue, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, for the sword, it was for the sword. Truth collision spark ...

The research of hybrid rice technology has been experienced three generations, and the process is difficult and long; the selection of hybrid rice varieties needs to be repeatedly tested, hard and boring. However, these agricultural scientific researchers are tireless, as if they are useful and endlessly, even if they repeatedly defeat, they will repeat repeatedly ...

I suddenly discovered, isn't this the same as soldiers? They are on the national food safety defense line, and they are not afraid of suffering, selfless dedication, tenacity, and standing!

An inexplicable move came.

It turns out that the motherland is so big and we are so similar. Everyone spares no effort to love her and protect her in their posts. From strong ships to hybrid rice, from the sea waves to rolling rice waves, from guarding the sea of ​​sea to protect food safety, I see that the guardians in different fields are also shining.

[Responsible editor: Lu Wei]

[Source: Hunan Daily · New Hunan Client]

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