The heart of Taihu, the only village -level wetland park in the country's only village in the country

Author:Intersection Time:2022.09.04

"Wild ducks are out, and they will call back at 5 pm." 72 -year -old Wu Huisheng pointed at the wetland park of more than 10,000 acres in front of him. Sanshan Village, Dongshan Town, Wuzhong District, Suzhou City built the first domestic Wetland Park with freshwater islands. This year, Wu Huisheng, the former party branch secretary of Sanshan Village, won the China Environment Excellent Award and became the only individual to win the award in the field of ecological protection. Why does a village build a wetland? How did this national wetland park built in the only village in the country built?

"I didn't know that this was a wetland at that time"

Sanshan Village (island) is a small island in Taihu Lake, with an area of 2.8 square kilometers and more than 800 islanders. Before 2000, there was no electricity, no telephone, no highway on the island, and the village -level income was almost zero. After power -on, relying on the beautiful environment and ecological resources, Sanshan Island began to develop tourism.

Photography: Ding Weiwen

Before the outbreak of Wuxi cyanobacteria, tourists from Sanshan Island began to increase, and more pollution. The island intercepted nitrogen and phosphorus, planting grass in the ditch, and absorbing pollution. What about things?

"At that time, Sanshan Island also surrounded crabs around the net. A large number of cyanobaca was hung on the Internet. At first glance, if the cyanobacteria was not cleaned up, what tour of Sanshan Island did it." Wu Huisheng said that in 2007, the Sandsham Island was disassembled to the embankment, and the embankment shore, and the embankment. It was mud, and the big waves were emptied in the first half of the day. The scene looked messy, and someone was opposed. "In order to promote, you must recover the green first." Wu Huisheng bought hundreds of pounds of rapeseed on the ground, germinated for more than ten days, a green dyke, and a willow tree was planted in March. Changed. In 2009, the Suzhou Wetland Protection Management Station was established. "At that time, Feng Yuqing at the Suzhou Wetland Protection Management Station brought a PhD to Sanshan Island to drink tea. He said that it was a wetland. I didn't know that this was wetland at that time."

It is not easy to do such a large wetland project. Why persist? "The cyanoscopy must be solved. There are many sinking water, a water plant, and shallow beach in the Lake Bay Wetland. After entering the bay, the cyanoscopy is eliminated. The water grass is lush and the cyanobacteria cannot grow." Wu Huisheng explained.

"Suzhou Taihu National Wetland Park is the restoration of the lakeside belt. The Sanshan Island National Wetland Park is a good case for the island restoration. There are 899 national wetland parks across the country. The only one of the village -level self -built." Feng Yuqing introduced.

"In the Taihu Lake Basin, it should be the first to return the lake and return the lake to the lake according to the wetland concept. The Sanshan Island should be the first. The typical example of ecological restoration is that the Sanshan Island National Wetland Park is a typical example of our Jiangsu characteristics. "Gao Junfeng, a researcher at the Nanjing Institute of Geography and Lakes of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, studied water ecology and water environmental governance for many years. Gao Junfeng's scientific research team analyzed that the interception and purification results of the Sanshan Island Wetland showed that the total interception of the total nitrogen and total phosphorus of the wetland in Taihu Lake in 2014 was 1.18 and 0.12 tons, respectively, and the interception rate was 25.2%and 56.5%, respectively. The total amount of total nitrogen and total phosphorus of wetland's domestic sewage was 439.77 and 16.44 tons, respectively, and the interception rate was 81.2%and 86.4%, respectively, and the purification effect was obvious.

The ultimate purpose of wetland is biological diversity

Walking on the wooden plank road in the wetland park, not far away is reeds and watercours, and willow trees are planted on the embankment. The layers of hydrophilic plants continue to weaken the impact of the storms of Taihu Lake on Sanshan Island.

Wu Huisheng found the wetland research institution to plan the total area of the two phases of the construction and protection of artificial ecological wetlands about 3,000 acres, and invested about 35 million yuan, relying on village -level finances. According to the plan, the wetland is divided into three roads from the island to the flood prevention project. The first is the nitrogen phosphorus interception project. It is taken away through the beach coating. Planting aquatic plants and filtering fish in the pond, continue to eliminate nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matter, and build a beach, set up multiple bridges, intercepting algae; the third is an absolute protected area, and it is also a waterbird protection area. Inhability, beautify the ecological environment. All the water on the Sanshan Island must be purified through these wetlands before it flows into Taihu Lake.

Photography: Zhou Minjun

There is no industry on Sanshan Island. The source of pollution mainly comes from pollution of domestic sewage and agricultural facial source. In 2010, Sanshan Island built a sewage treatment station with a daily processing capacity of about 1,000 tons, and set up land buried sewage treatment independent facilities at the three natural villages farmhouse gathering areas with relatively independent natural villages. Treatment to solve problems such as dispersing sewage and unstable water quality and water volume.

In December 2011, Sanshan Island Wetland was rated as a pilot unit of the National Wetland Park. After the experience was collected in 2013, it was officially awarded. "What is the difference between wetland and previous water? The previous water was flood control and drought. From the perspective of human perspectives, the wetland looked at the water from the perspective of biodiversity." Feng Yuqing said that the biodiversity of Sanshan Island has increased significantly today Essence Zhou Minjun, director of the Suzhou Wetland Natural School, said that Sanshan Island is an important area for many raptors. The school often goes to the island to watch birds. Since October, there are more than a dozen birds that migrate in Suzhou, and Sanshan Island can be seen.

In the wetland park promenade, Peng Zixuan, an environmental education consultant at the Suzhou Wetland Protection Management Station, told reporters that there are more than 6 sinking water plants here, and fish and shrimp have spawned and reproduce on it. "These sinking plants grow naturally, and floating leaves and tight water plants are not lacking on the side of East Taihu Lake, especially the lotus. When there are many particulate matter, the light transmission is not low enough, and the sinking water can not grow up. . "Peng Zixuan explained that the wetland of Sanshan Island slowed down the speed of water, small waves in wetlands, and after the particles were precipitated, the water quality became clear, and the light transmission was improved. It is just impossible to grow in an unsuitable environment. "The ultimate purpose of wetland is biological diversity. Aquatic animals need aquatic plants to help. After the sinking water grows, natural biological diversity is rich." Peng Zixuan said. Three points and seven points, the wetland must be maintained and the maintenance must be maintained

"Ecological environmental governance is a long process that needs to be continuously studied and observed." Feng Yuqing believes that three -point construction, seven -point control, wetland also needs long -term maintenance. He uses floating leaf plants as an example. Although they can absorb nitrogen and phosphorus, they must be treated to a certain extent, otherwise it will rot in the water, which will cause the transparency of the lake to decline, affect the growth of the sinking water, and endanger the other other on the ecological chain. Specifies, "When to salvage and salvage, you need to study. Monitoring changes in pollution, formulating plans, and execution. This is a very time -consuming and effective process."

Photography: Ding Weiwen

Gao Junfeng found that after the completion of the wetland, the water flow between the waters between the Sanshan Island and the Zeshan Island and the southwestern part of the Sanshan Island slowed down significantly. There was no obvious flow of flow in the Lake Bay area south of Sanshan Island. He believes that the flow of changes reduces the risk of nitrogen, phosphorus pollutants and algae on the south bank of Sanshan Island. The decrease in flow rate has accelerated the sedimentation process of pollutants. However, it also provides a stable environment for the growth of algae. The concentration of nutrient salt to prevent algae from breeding a large amount, reasonably restore a certain amount of lake wetland area, and use the bottom mud to dredge and salvage the harvest aquatic plants, to use the wetland to purify the water quality and lake water quality of the lake, and reduce the role of nutrients into the lake.

In Sanshan Island, the reporter came to Taihu Wetland Ecosystem National Positioning Observation Research Station. Experimental Ma Yan said that the staff of the research station will take water samples and soil samples around the island every week to monitor the soil, water quality and changes in Sanshan Island. Soil moisture content, soil pH value, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, transparency and other 81 testing items.

"There is no wetland, the tourism industry in Sanshan Island cannot come up. Sanshan Island is a projectile land. When they go to the island, they feel that this place is beautiful, the villagers are rich, and their lives are good." The foundation of life is also fragile at the same time. Once it is damaged, it is difficult to recover. It is about 5 million yuan in wetland construction and maintenance and sewage treatment on the island each year. "Wetland can intercept pollution and become the habitat of birds and the protection of fish. It is worth the increase in the development of tourism. It is worthwhile to do this in my life?" Wu Huisheng said.