Beijing enters a moderate aging society, and in 2035 may enter deep aging!Will the "silver -haired clan" return to the workplace to become a trend?

On September 2nd, at the Office of the Beijing Aging Working Committee and the Beijing Aging Association, at the "2022 Smart Hanging Summit Forum" of the China International Services Trade Fair, the "Beijing Aging Career Development Report (2021)" (hereinafter referred to as "The Development Report of the Aging Career (2021)" (hereinafter referred to as " Report"). The article pointed out that Beijing has officially entered a moderate aging society.

Entering aging society has become an irreversible trend in China. In this context, new terms such as building a health care society and the development of silver -haired economy have gradually entered the national development strategy, and retired elderly people return to posts have gradually become "new fashion" in society. For example, China ’s elderly talent network, which launched on August 24 this year, has uploaded employment demand for more than a hundred“ silver -haired people ”.

However, the social problems behind intergenerational employment also aroused social attention. How does the elderly who are employed? Today, when employment is difficult, the elderly group returns to the workplace, and where should young people go? Under the adjustment of the population structure, the demand for the improvement of multiple systems seems to be imminent ...

↑ On September 2nd, the "Beijing Aging Career Development Report (2021)" was released. According to the Beijing Daily

▷ view to 2035

my country may enter the deep aging society as a whole

According to the Beijing Daily, the "Report" based on the data of the elderly population at the end of 2021, comprehensively analyzed the aging situation of Beijing's population and the development of the aging cause. The data shows that as of the end of 2021, the population of 60 and above in Beijing was 4.416 million, accounting for 20.18%of the total population of permanent residence; an increase of 117,000 compared with 2020; the 65 -year -old population was 3.116 million The population is 14.24%; an increase of 204,000 people over 2020. 2021 is the year with the largest number of elderly population in Beijing in the past five years and the largest growth rate.

Combined with the above data, the "Report" believes that due to Beijing's 60 -year -old resident population, the proportion of permanent residents exceeded 20%for the first time, and the permanent resident population of 65 and above exceeded 14%for the first time. According to international traffic standards, when the proportion of population between 60 and above is between 20%-30%, or the proportion of population between 65 and above is between 14%-20%, it means that the area enters a moderate aging society.

It is worth noting that in the context of further deepening the aging population of Beijing last year, the elderly for the elderly continued to increase. The report shows that in 2021, the city's 80 -year -old household registration population was 643,000, accounting for 4.5%of the total household registration population, an increase of 10,000 and an increase of 1.6%over 2020. Among the household registration population, there are a total of 1,417 elderly people.

"Beijing's population aging is deepening. It is expected that by 2035, Beijing will enter a severe aging society." Wang Xiao'e, a member of the Party Committee of the Beijing Municipal Health and Health Commission, and the executive deputy director of the Municipal Aging Office, publicly stated on September 2.

In fact, the severe situation of population aging is a social challenge that China has faced in recent years or even the future. According to the "State Council's Report on Strengthening and Promoting the Progress of Aging Work" (hereinafter referred to as the "Situation Report") released by the China People's Congress Network on September 3, as of the end of 2021 The total population is 18.9%; the elderly population 65 and above reached more than 200 million, accounting for 14.2%of the total population. It is expected that during the "14th Five -Year Plan" period, the total population of the elderly at the age of 60 and above will exceed 300 million, accounting for more than 20%. In 2035, the elderly population 60 and above will increase to about 420 million, accounting for more than 30%.

According to the standards divided by the United Nations, when the proportion of population of 60 or above in one country exceeds 10%or more than 7%of the population of 65 or more, it is considered that the country has entered a "aging aging" society; when the proportion of population 60 and over, the proportion of population exceeds 20 years exceeds 20 %, Or when the proportion of population 65 and above exceeds 14%, it is believed that the country has entered a "moderate aging" society.

In response to the above forecasts, Lu Jiehua, a member of the China Population Policy Policy Committee and a professor at the Department of Sociology at Peking University, said in an interview with Red Star News that according to the fertility rate at the moment, combined with the forecasting aging population data, in 2035, my country will likely become a depth of depth by depth aging society. Judging from the time node, it may even move forward.

"Silver -haired people" who returned to the workplace:

We have the right to choose whether to re -employment

Public information shows that in the 1960s, especially since 1963, the number of births in China has remained above 25 million. Men born in 1962 reached the age of 60 and entered the retirement age. At this point, the group born in 1962-1974 "Baby Tide" is gradually entering the retirement stage. The "Situation Report" clearly states that according to the current retirement system, my country is about to usher in the maximum retirement tide. The article pointed out that in the future, about 20 million retirees are expected to be reduced each year, and the age of 5 million labor age is reduced each year.

In this context, the topic of providing re -employment opportunities for "silver -haired people" has become the focus of hot discussions in the society in recent years, and it has also become a topic mentioned at the two sessions. The "China Elderly Talent Network", which aims to provide services for elderly talents and employers across the country, is also officially launched on August 24 this year, which has quickly attracted social attention. According to the official website of the China Elderly Talent Network, the website is sponsored by the China Old Talent Information Center. It is estimated that by 2025, the website will form a comprehensive national elderly talent information service platform to promote and operate nationwide to provide services for elderly talents and employers across the country. So far, it is less than half a month since the official investigation of the elderly talent network of China, but Red Star reporters have found that hundreds of people over 50 years of age have released job search information on the website, and 34 positions have released recruitment for the elderly. information. From the perspective of the current positions, most of them are part -time positions, such as photographers and calligraphy teachers, as well as some full -time positions. Su Hui, deputy director of the Elderly Talent Information Center of the China Aging Association, previously said in an interview with the media: "Chinese elderly talents have been registered for more than 100 companies for two days. , Much more enthusiastic than expected. "

Recently, a technology company has released a recruitment position of "channel sales manager" on the website. In terms of employment requirements, the company stated that the academic qualifications only require junior high school, while the age is required to be 60 years old and the female is 50 years old. As for the salary, the recruitment stated that "the performance of the outstanding performance is over 10,000 monthly salary", and the work location is at home office.

The person in charge of the recruitment of the company told Hongxing News that many job seekers who met the requirements of the age had a telephone or WeChat consultation: "If you ask more if you ask, we will work overtime, but we are elastic work here, and we don’t need to get a need for it. Division, so it is still very attractive to the elderly group. "The person in charge of the company said that the aging aggregate of the company in its sales positions is large. Not the basis for focusing on. "

The retirees' job search needs can be seen on the Internet of elderly talents in China. Red Star News reporters sorted out the website and found that among more than 100 job seekers, most job seekers are over 50 years old, and the oldest people are even more than 70 years old. From the perspective of job seekers, junior high schools, high schools, technical secondary schools, and college students, of course, there are also many graduates of prestigious universities, and even doctors and professors.

Mr. Wang, who retired in 2021, decided to return to the workplace after experiencing half a year of retirement. "Suddenly, I don't know what I should do for more than half a year.

Mr. Wang, 61, was engaged in photography at a newspaper in a newspaper before retirement. After retirement, because of the long -term "spiritual emptiness", I often feel that I am tired and tired, and I am not interested in life. At the advice of his children, Mr. Wang found a new job at the end of last year and became a part -time photography of a new media company. "According to the day, it is ranging from 300 yuan to 800 yuan a day, and you can earn more than 4,000 a month." Mr. Wang said that he was not employed for life after retirement, but more to find the joy of life. "The best way is the channel for the society to provide employment for the elderly. As for whether to go to employment, that is the elderly's own plans, because this is the right we have originally possessed."

↑ Screenshot of Chinese Elderly Talent Network

▷ ▷cripted 90 % of the elderly over the age of 60 are good for the elderly

The opportunity to provide them with social participation

Regarding the behavior of the elderly's return to the workplace, some public opinion believes that this protects the right to choose a career for retirees, but there is also a voice that this is a "re -squeezing" for the elderly group. In response, the Vice President of the Chinese Society and Professor of the Institute of Population and Development of the School of Economics of Nankai University, formerly Xinxin, was interviewed by the Red Star News. It is necessary to provide a platform like China Elderly Talent Network to provide employment supply and demand for the elderly to the elderly. Two aspects of information, but re -employment is not compulsory, but to provide them with choice.

From the original point of view, aging should distinguish the two concepts of active aging and healthy aging. The so -called active aging means that the elderly cannot be considered the burden of the elderly, but regarding the elderly as the wealth of society. He explained that retirement means that the knowledge accumulation, skills accumulation, social relationship accumulation, experience accumulation, and experience accumulation of a person in the workplace have reached its peak. This accumulation is both wealth and wealth for the family.

Under the concept of active aging, the original new believes that encouraging the elderly to actively participate in social activities is considerable.

From the perspective of healthy aging, related data shows that 90%of the elderly over 60 years old are still healthy, so society should provide a platform or opportunity for healthy elderly people to continue social participation. "Of course, social participation does not necessarily need to go to work positions, and entering the community service is also an effective way." Former new proposal that if you think that retirement life is boring and unwilling to re -enter the job, then the elderly are also the same. You can choose an informal social participation, such as participating in the community's volunteer services and elementary school counselors. While contributing to the society, you can also find self -worth and enrich yourself.

"To deal with aging, we not only need to help the elderly, but also the old -age care and respect for the elderly." Yuanxin said that the elderly are mainly divided into two major groups, one is free to help the elderly, and the other is high -quality pension. Freedom to help the elderly mainly targeting healthy elders and actively provide them with various services and channels that help improve the quality of life. The high -quality pension, the main body is a non -healthy elderly, which requires the national institutional system to protect the basic guarantee, so that they can also rely on.就 ▷cripts of the elderly "grabbing rice bowls" with young people?

Experts believe that the fair issue of balanced employment needs to be balanced

How to cope with the pressure of "retirement tide" and aging social structure adjustment. From the central government to the local area, we are actively trying multiple ways to convert pension pressure into silver -haired economy, and encourage the elderly to actively participate in social activities.

In October 2020, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed the "implementation of a national strategy to actively respond to the aging of the population", which clearly stated that "actively developing human resources and the development of silver -haired economy." In the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" plan, once again requested: "Meet the large number of elderly people in the large number of elderly people, and properly solve the social problems brought by the aging of the population. "". And for the first time, it was clearly proposed to implement the national strategy of actively responding to the aging of the population. Subsequently, the "National Actively Coperly Coperly Copy for Population Aging Medium and Long -term Plan" and "Fourteen Five -Year Plan" and the Plan for Pension Service System for the National Aging and Pension Service System were successively introduced.

From a local point of view, a number of provinces propose targeted policies to promote the participation of elderly groups. For example, the "Regulations on Employment Promotion of Jiangsu Province" issued by Jiangsu Province in May this year mentioned that "local people's governments at or above the county level should formulate policies and measures to encourage the elderly to re -employment, provide employment services, employment training and other support, maintain the elderly, The legitimate rights and interests of employment. "

So, will the elderly group re -employment, will it squeeze the space for the youth group to find a job? Even the pressure of employment young people is facing unemployment pressure? Lu Jiehua, a member of the China Population Policy Committee and a professor at the Department of Sociology at Peking University, believes that there will be a certain impact in the short term. He said that at present, there are about 10 million new labor demands in my country each year, and from some angles, companies will allocate part of their posts to retirement personnel.

"So, how to coordinate the contradiction brought by this population structure and promote the fairness of intergenerational employment is a new issue in front of us." Lu Jiehua said.

"But we cannot scrap food because of their employment to a certain extent, so that the elderly will not allow the elderly. Lu Jiehua said that in the long run, aging will bring pressure on pensions, medical insurance and other pressures, as well as taking care of resources. Social scarcity. From this perspective, encouraging the employment of the elderly is greater than the disadvantages. From the perspective of the determination of public policies, it is necessary to consider the balance of pros and cons.

Original Xin also said that under the fixed economic development, the delayed retirement of the elderly and returning to the post will inevitably increase the competitiveness of employment, but from another perspective, the employment of the elderly has no employment and the employment of young people. Direct conflict. According to the new explanation, most young people choose high -precision industries such as the Internet and new technologies, and the career selection of the elderly is not conflicting; on the other hand, the employment posts of enterprises will also tend to pay more attention to industry accumulation and experience The accumulated industries, such as many professors from hospitals, will be returned, but do not affect young doctors to go to new jobs.

"So in my opinion, the elderly returning to the workplace have both conflicts and complementary sides of young people. The society should not be completely pessimistic." Yuanxin said.

Red Star reporter Yang Yuqi Wu Yang intern Cheng Yichen Beijing reported

Responsible editor Deng Yiguang Editor Guo Zhuang

- END -