It's not a shark riding, but the shark really walks!| Natural little speaker

Welcome to the 16th issue of the natural small speaker column. In the past half a month, we collected the following natural news and research worthy of attention:

1) Little Penguin put on the shoes and find an object

2) 200 years of giant cactus, pour

3) Rebellion killer whale teenagers have recently been popular

4) Do not leave without abandonment, and the beetle does not forget to carry the bacteria on the back

5) Shark will walk!

6) Seeing the owner, the dog tears in tears

Penguin shoes

Recently, a little penguin put on his shoes!

See my new shoes cool and not cool | San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance

It is called Lucas, a 4 -year -old spheniscus demersus, living in the San Diego Zoo in the United States. It suffers from BUmblefoot, which is a chronic disease that makes it swollen and painful. Moreover, due to its difficulty, other penguins are unwilling to take it to play with it.

The good news is that people tailor a orthopedic shoes for it. They first asked Lucas to walk through a piece of sand, based on the footprints left by it, and then made orthopedic shoes with chlorite and rubber, and added a pad to the bottom. In order to get close to natural foot color, they deliberately made their shoes black.

With new shoes, Lucas has a happy life | San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance

With these new shoes, when Lucas stands or walks, the feet and ankles will be protected, and the pressure that needs to be suffered is less than before. Animal experts said that it adapts to the shoes very well. When we put on shoes, the walking posture is much more normal, and it can staggered to keep up with other penguins' teams. This undoubtedly increased its social opportunity -now, it even found a girlfriend!

Fairy palm collapse

A giant cactus who has lived for almost 200 years, recently collapsed because of heavy rain ...

Falling giant cactus | Arizona State Parks and Trails

This happened in Arizona, southwest of the United States, and the cactus was a symbol of the local desert. This cactus is known as Carnegiea Gigantea and is one of the tallest cactors. When sucking water, the giant column can reach a height of about 10 meters, and the weight even exceeds 2 tons. The cactus that collapsed in the heavy rain was up to 12 meters, and there were 34 "arms". Everyone called it "Strong-RM".

The fruit of the family Suzaku stands in the giant pillar ｜ Quinn Dombrowski/Flickr

The giant fairy palm is very precious in the desert. The big carvings built a nest on it, and many other birds also used it as the home. The "strong arm" fell. For people, it may be just a magnificent landscape in the desert, but for many animals, they have lost a huge "car hotel".

Before the collapse of the "strong arms", it was many animals' homes | Arizona State Parks and Trails

However, even if the "strong arm" cannot continue to stand in the desert, it can still use the remaining heat. The local government intends to keep it in where it falls. During the long decomposition process, "strong arms" can continue to provide food and habitat for various creatures, injecting new vitality into the surrounding desert.

It's fine for killer whale

Recently, near the European coast, a group of killer whales broke the direction of many ships.

Come here, the protagonist appears! | H. Zell / Wikimedia Commons

A recent incident occurred on the French coast: a pair of father and daughter were surrounded by a group of killer whales while driving sailing; 15 minutes later, the killer whales went away, and the sailing ship left a quarter of the rudder. The father and daughter had no choice but to cancel the trip to Morocco and send the boat to repair. Although no one was injured or killed, the act of the killer whale has harmed several ships damaged or even sank.

A group of young killer whale | Gillfoto / Wikimedia Commons

Why the killer suddenly became interested in the rudder, and even scientists could not explain it. A researcher speculates that they may feel that the propeller of the boat is very fun to push the water. Therefore, when the propeller does not move, they are unhappy and simply destructive. Scientists also speculate that the killer whale attacking the ship is likely to be male teenagers. They are usually curious and very naughty, just like human teenagers in the rebellious period.

As for how these frequent rudder incidents should be resolved -scientists can only say that when the child grows up and mature, it should be fine ...

A group of killer whales in North Pacific | Allen Shimada Noaa/NMFS/OSD/AMD/Wikimedia Commons

This is not the first time that killer whale has done such a strange thing. They are groups of living animals, they will learn from each other like humans, and they will "catch up with fashion". For example, in 1987, the killer whale in Pujit's Bay began to wear dead salmon like a hat; within a few days, this "fashion" became popular among the two other killer whale groups. Everyone brought a salmon hat. However, the trend came quickly. After about 6 weeks, there would be no killer whale and then wore salmon as a hat. Recently, when European killer whales were busy dismantling the rudder, the hottest activity among the killer whales in the Pacific Ocean was to play crab cages. Beetle back bacteria

In the process of perverted development, a type of beetle will "load" their symbiotic bacteria in the pockets of their backs.

Use a micro -computer fault scanning to analyze the puppet beetle. The red part is three unique storage bags ｜ References [4]

This type of beetle belongs to the pseudo -leaf armor (Lagria). They live a lot of symbiotic bacteria on their younger. They provide nutrition for bacteria, and the bacteria help them to defend their parasites. They can be called a pair of good partners.

Beet will experience perverted development in the process of growth, and need to be turned into pupae before turning into adult forms. However, their symbiotic bacteria have lost their genes responsible for exercise, and they cannot live for a long time when they leave the beetle. In order to ensure the survival of bacterial partners during the pupae, when the female beetle becomes pupae, the symbiotic bacteria will temporarily store them in the three special small pockets on their backs, and continue to provide nutrition for bacteria.

Lagria Villosa is the protagonist of this study. This is the larvae, the previous stage of the pupae | RS RANKE

When the beetles are adults, the symbiotic bacteria will be moved out of the pocket, and finally the shelter of the gland of the female reproductive system.

However, it seems that only female beetles work hard to maintain a good relationship with bacteria. On the pupae of the male beetle, the pocket has degraded, and the number of symbiotic bacteria inside is small, even completely disappeared. Scientists believe that the main demand for adults for symbiotic bacteria is to spread them to the next generation and escort the growth of bacteria as future generations. But male does not produce eggs, so there is no need to maintain symbiosis with bacteria.

Adults of lagria villosa | RS RANKE

Shark who can walk

God, some sharks will "walk"!

At this time, a handsome spotted long -tailed shark (Hemiscyllium Ocellatum) passed by ｜ YouTube: @nature On PBS

The spots long -tail shark and several relatives they belong to have shocking walking ability. This fish lives in the shallow water zone of coral reefs. When ebbing, the oxygen content here often decreases, and the temperature of the water will rise, which is a fatal threat for sharks. However, the spots long -tailed shark can hold the breathing for up to a few hours and endure the rise of the rise -at the critical moment, they can even walk.

After the ebb reef, people can see these strong little sharks walking in land and water beach. They rely on four paddle -shaped fins, and they can climb for nearly 30 meters until they find a suitable corner and stay there to wait for the tide.

It is it -the spots long -tailed shark

Scientists have recently discovered that during the growth of long -tailed sharks in spots, although the body shape has changed, the way of moving has not changed -this is different from most animals.

The newborn long -tailed shark has a round belly, which contains a large yolk bag, which can provide them with nutrition within one month until they can forage in their own food. But whether it is a bloated baby shark, or there is no Yaocheng shark, they are exactly the same way to walk and swim. Why do babies and sharks do not adopt a more suitable gait for spherical belly? This is the next question that scientists need to solve.

Nenonate Sharks and Juvenile Sharks are the same ways and swimming.

Dogs cry

When reuniting with the owner, the dog will really be happy to "tears" -this is a recent study published in "Contemporary Biology".

Picture | pixabay

The researchers found 20 dogs to participate in the experiment. When the dog and the owner were separated for 5-7 hours, when they saw the owner again, the tears in the eyes would be more full (but not crying); and when I saw familiarity with But when the human beings are not human, there is no such change. Researchers believe that this change is caused by oxytocin -oxytocin is called "hormone of love", which is closely related to positive emotional connection. To verify this, they also used the eye drops with cooxine or placebo for dogs -they found that oxytocin did make the dog produce more tears.

Although it is difficult for us to know what animals think, the physiological phenomenon allows us to better understand the dog's reaction. At the same time, the appearance of "tears" will also make dogs more humane, making volunteers more want to touch and take care of them. Maybe, "tears" are also the "mind" of puppy evolution.

references

[1] https://phys.org/news/2022-08-san-diego- zoo-penguin- omopedic.html

[2] https://phys.org/news/2022-08- giant-1ear- cactus-toppled-html

[3] https://www.liveScience.com/orcas-attacking-boats-europe

[4]Rebekka S. Janke et al, Morphological adaptation for ectosymbiont maintenance and transmission during metamorphosis in Lagria beetles,Frontiers in Physiology(2022).DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.979200

[5] https://academic.oup.com/icb/advance-rctract/doi/10.1093/icac127/6650877?RedirectFrom=FullText

[6] https://www.cell.com/current-biology/FullText/s0960-9822 (22) 01132-0

Author: Cat Tun, Mai Mai

Edit: Mai Mai

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