Ecological environmental protection changes (Economic Daily)

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee has grasped the construction of ecological civilization with unprecedented efforts. Sexual and global changes.

Environmental quality realization improvement

The Yoyo Xiangjiang River flows from south to north, raising more than 40 million people along the coast, carrying thousands of years of Huxiang culture, and being affectionately called "Mother River" by Hunan people. However, with the development of economic and social development, the mining and chemical industries along the Xiangjiang River have become increasingly dense. This river along the line contributed the three -quarter GDP river in Hunan, and once became one of the worst rivers in heavy metal pollution in the country.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the guidance of the new development concept, the Xiangjiang River Basin's heavy metal pollution prevention and control has launched a comprehensive battle.

The lead and zinc production of Shuikou Mountain, Hengyang City, Hunan once accounted for one -third of the world. By turning off nearly 200 "small loose stains" enterprises, the transformation and upgrading of the smelting industry, the "world lead capital" is rejuvenated; The 133 -meter -high chimney no longer "swallow the clouds and fog", and the 15 -square -kilometer clear pond area is deploying new industries such as intelligent manufacturing; Loudi City has rectified mines, naked mountains, and deserted fields to make the original tin mines reproduced green. … In 2021, the excellent water quality rate of the Xiangjiang River Basin reached 98.7%, an increase of 10.6 percentage points from 2012. Among them, the section of the dry flow province remained in category Ⅱ for many years.

The ten -year answers of pollution control in the Xiangjiang River are the epitome of the ecological environment of our country.

Since 2013, Beijing citizen Zou Yi has insisted on recording Beijing's weather in the form of photos every day. In the past 9 years, the blue sky in Zou Yi's lens is more than a year. In the past, the blue sky and white clouds, which were regarded by the people of Beijing -Tianjin -Hebei as "luxury goods", have now become "frequent customers" in the WeChat circle of friends.

The citizens of Chengdu said proudly that sitting at home, you can see the Xiling Snow Mountains in Baili through the windows, and feel that the Tang Dynasty poet Du Fu wrote the artistic conception of "Window contains Xiling Qianqiu Snow, and the door is cut from Wanli Ship". In 2021, the excellent air quality of Chengdu reached 299 days. It was the best level in the past 10 years.

In the past 10 years, the blue sky, blue water, and pure land have been won, and the staged target tasks of pollution prevention and control have been successfully completed.

From 2017 to 2021, the concentration of fine particles in cities and above nationwide decreased by 25%to 30 micrograms/cubic meter. The proportion of excellent days reached 87.5%, and the number of heavy pollution days dropped by nearly 40%.

From 2017 to 2021, the proportion of water bodies nationwide rose by 17 percentage points to the III water body, reaching 84.9%, and the proportion of inferior water bodies decreased by 7.1 percentage points to 1.2%.

The safety utilization rate of pollution land and the safety utilization rate of pollution land across the country exceeded 90%. The results of the investigation of the National Bureau of Statistics in 2020 showed that the public's satisfaction with the ecological environment reached 89.5%, an increase of 10.7 percentage points over 2017 ...

From the foothills of the north to the reefyuki of the South China Sea, from the Western Plateau to the East Woye, you can see the mountains, the water, and the smell of the flower.

Ecosystem stability continues to improve

Since the 1970s, the "sand in the water" on the banks of Qinghai Lake lasted for more than 40 years, and the sand has separated Qinghai Lake out of Zihu. Since 2012, the surface shape of the "sand retreats" has begun. Today, Zihu is connected with Dahu, and the surface has returned to the state more than 40 years ago.

The change of Qinghai Lake is like a window. Through it, we can see the unremitting efforts of our country to protect the natural ecology in the past 10 years. You can see the beautiful picture of the landlords of Shenzhou and the harmony of nature.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country has actively promoted the integration protection and systematic governance of landscapes, forests, lakes and sand, strengthen the protection of biodiversity, and strive to improve the quality and stability of the ecosystem. Good life needs.

The Mao Usu Desert is one of the four major sandy land in my country. In the past 10 years, people here have pushed green to eastward by the sand control, and more than 10,000 square kilometers have stopped green. Miracle to the desert becomes oasis.

On the Chengde Dam in Hebei in August, the mountains were blooming, the sea of ​​forests was lush, and tourists came. Saihanba used to be the desert sand of "yellow sand covers the sky, flying birds without live trees"; now the world's largest millions of acres of artificial forests has been built, which effectively blocks the invasion of Hunsha Daka Sands in the south. River and Liaohe areas have eased water sources and purified 284 million cubic meters of freshwater.

Chen Zhiqing, director of the Saihanba Machinery Forest Farm, introduced that in the past year, Saihanba attacked 6,600 acres of forests, all on the barren rocky yang slope. In recent years, the forest farm has also carried out the "5+2+3" broad -leaved tree species planting test to promote the construction of mixed forests for 20,000 acres. It is planned to complete 400,000 acres within 20 years. Sustainable forest ecosystem.

my country's forest coverage rate and forest accumulation have maintained "dual growth" for 30 consecutive years, and the area of ​​artificial forest has the first time in the world. In 2021, the forest coverage rate exceeded 23%, the forest area reached 220 million hectares, and the accumulation volume reached 17.56 billion cubic meters.

Hainan gibbon's barking sound was high, and the valley rang through the valley. Hainan Tropical Rain Forest National Park is the world's only habitat of this endangered long -term animal. After many years of scientific protection and ecological recovery, Hainan gibbon has returned to more than 30 groups from the least time, creating a miracle of the world's rare animal protection. From 2013, my country proposed the establishment of a national park system for the first time, and the national park system pilot was initiated in 2015. By 2021, the first batch of national parks will be officially established. The national park has gone through nearly 10 years. From the Sanjiang Source of the Snowy Plateau to the tropical rain forests in the South China Sea, from the tiger -leopard habitat of the white mountains and the black water to the Wuyi Shengjing of Bishui Danxia, ​​the construction of the national park to better build an ecological security barrier and the sustainable development of the Chinese nation.

Over the past 10 years, the national ecological protection red line delineation has been basically completed. The preliminary designated national ecological protection red line area ratio is not less than 25%of the land area of ​​land. The ecological red line covers the key ecological functional areas, ecological environment sensitive areas and fragile areas, and cover the key areas of national biodiversity distribution.

In the past 10 years, my country has established a relatively complete natural protection land system. "The living conditions of rare and endangered species such as wild pandas, Tibetan antelopes, elk and other rare and endangered species have been improved. Some of the groups of rare endangered objects have gradually recovered. More than 1,800, the level of threatening is easy to danger from endangered. "Cui Shuhong, director of the Natural Ecological Protection Department of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said.

Legal and institutional systems are continuously improved

The water quality improvement of the landscape source in Heilongjiang has achieved historic breakthroughs. The "stains" Gansu Dongdaigou has become a model of heavy metal pollution treatment. After turning over, the Yangtze River Bank Line achieved "green butterfly changes", and the Zengcheng denim clothing industry in Zengcheng, Guangdong gorgeous ... Central ecological environmental protection inspectors are promoting a large number of outstanding environmental problems to be resolved.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee has strengthened the comprehensive leadership of the construction of ecological civilization, placing ecological civilization construction and ecological environmental protection in the prominent position of global work. Ecological civilization laws and institutional systems have been continuously improved. The central ecological environmental protection inspector is one of the most representative major system construction.

The 14th meeting of the Central Government's reorganization review and approve the "Environmental Protection Inspection Plan (Trial)". Since then, the China Affairs Office and the State Council issued the "Regulations on the Work of the Central Ecological Environmental Protection Inspection". In the form of the party's regulations, the inspection system has been clarified in the form of party regulations, and the foundation of the rule of law is further consolidated.

The central ecological environmental protection inspector has been launched since the end of 2015. The inspectors have expanded from 31 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps to relevant departments of the Central Enterprises and State Council, which provides important guarantees for the completion of pollution prevention. The significant results of "central affirmation, the praise of the people, the support of all parties, and solving the problem".

Protecting the ecological environment must rely on systems and rule of law. Only by implementing the strictest system and the rigorous rule of law can we provide reliable guarantee for the construction of ecological civilization.

In the past 10 years, the "Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of Ecological Civilization" and "The General Plan for the Reform of the Ecological Civilization System" have been introduced one after another. Dozens of reform plans have been implemented one after another to build the "four beams and eight pillars" of the construction of an ecological civilization system.

In the past 10 years, more than 10 laws such as air pollution prevention and control law, water pollution prevention law, soil pollution prevention law, environmental protection tax law, nuclear safety law, and solid waste pollution environmental prevention and control law have been formulated and revised, covering ecological environmental laws covering various environmental elements The regulations system is basically established.

The river length system and lake length system have become a new practice in the construction of ecological civilization. There are exclusive guardians of rivers and lakes, and a large number of folk river longs and lakes are enthusiastically.

The goal of establishing a forest system nationwide is also achieved as scheduled. Through the implementation of the forest system, the most stringent system and the strictest rule of law realize the management of the mountains, the artificial artificial, the tree of the forest, and the responsibility of the person who are responsible for the protection of the development of the forest grass resources and the false responsibilities. A win -win achievement of the country's ecology and the masses, showing the good results and vitality of the innovation of the innovation of the construction system of the ecological civilization.

Source 丨 Economic Daily

Reporter 丨 Cao Hongyan

Edit 丨 Song Xiang

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