Not only "crocodile birds", but foreign invasion species need to be "cleared" urgently

◎ Text "Fighter" magazine all media reporter Yao Yao

At about 00:00 on August 27, the crocodile crickets in the urban Central Park of Ruzhou City, Pingdingshan, Henan were eventually captured. During the live broadcast, more than 30 million netizens once watched the "fishing scene" online. The reporter found that in addition to Ruzhou, Henan, Beijing, Hunan, Guangxi, and Shandong have reportedly reported that crocodile crickets have been found.

Why does the crocodile crumper that belongs to foreign invasion species appear in people's living areas? Chen Kelin, an expert in ecological environmental protection experts and researcher at the Institute of Geographic and Agricultural Ecology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Foreign invasion species flood the ecology

The Ministry of Ecology and Environment "2020 China Ecological Environmental Status Bulletin" shows that more than 660 foreign invasion species have been found in the country. Among them, 71 types of natural ecosystems have caused or have potential threats and were included in the "List of Chinese Foreign Invasion Species", and 219 types have invaded national nature reserves.

"Foreign invasion of species breeding is very fast. They should not live here, but after breaking into and adapting to the new environment, they will destroy the original species and severely destroy the local ecosystem." On August 29, Chen Kelin, Chen Kelin In an interview with reporters, it has been said that my country has been troubled by foreign species invasion for many years, and many foreign invasion species have severely damaged the local ecosystem. For example, foreign invasion species that are all over the coastal cities flowers and grass, and have brought a series of serious ecological problems and economic impacts to the local area.

Mutual rice grass is produced on the east coast of North America and the Gulf of Mexico. It grows on a wetland or entering the sea from the beach or entering the sea. In 1979, in order to resist typhoons and beach guards, my country introduced it. Chen Kelin told reporters, "When the rice grass was introduced, the advantages were very obvious, and they could promote the silt very well. As long as it was planted by the coast, the area quickly became a land. The speed is extremely fast, almost everywhere from the coastal zone from temperate to subtropical, occupying the growth space of other plants, and many local plants have perished. Even because they grow crazy on the beach, many people often consume shell seafood disappear disappeared. ","

The reporter consulted the information and found that in 2003, the General Administration of Environmental Protection of the State Environmental Protection announced the first 16 types of foreign invasion species of severe ecological hazards and economic losses. The rice grass was among the only coastal saltwaste. In the past ten years, Mutual Flower Grass has a rapid outbreak on the coast of my country, spreading across the country, which has caused a series of serious ecological problems and economic impacts to many places.

Take Qingdao City, Shandong Province as an example. In 1988, Micli Mi Grass had been distributed in the coastal wetland of Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao, and began to expand significantly in 2012. In July 2020, according to the survey of remote sensing images and drones, the total area of ​​Qingdao's rice grass is about 1218.17 hectares (about 18272.55 acres). In 2021 Total 1312.09 hectares (about 19681.35 acres), an increase of 93.92 hectares (about 1408.8 acres) from 2020.

The regulatory issues behind you need to pay attention to

For many fish farmers, raising black fish often causes headaches, because black fish belongs to carnivorous fish, not only fierce personality, but also strong predation ability. Not only do they eat similar cubs, but they do not even let other fish cubs go. Small fry are often easily captured by black fish. Surprisingly, the crocodile crumper that caused the heated discussion would not be wrong with the ferocious black fish, which became a veritable "giant" in the water. It is understood that the adult crocodile cystone is about 3 meters, and the largest crocodile town has a length of more than 6 meters and weighs 70 kg. Crusadus is not only much larger than black fish, but also more fierce than black fish. As a result, many fish have become the pocket of crocodile crickets.

The reporter learned that some of these foreign invasive species were artificially introduced, and some were unintentionally introduced, but no matter what ways were introduced, when foreign invasion species had flooded into disasters, they caused severe damage to the local ecosystem. The regulatory issues behind this need to receive more attention. On August 1 this year, the "Administrative Measures for Foreign Invasion Species" jointly issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Ministry, the Ministry of Natural Resources, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, and the General Administration of Customs. Among them Make more detailed rules in many aspects.

Mu Xidong, a researcher at the Pearl River Aquatic Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences, said in an interview with CCTV "News 1+1" on August 25 that the "Biological Safety Law of the People's Republic of China", which was officially implemented on April 15, 2021, stipulated to prevent foreign exit The content of species invasion and protection of biological diversity is required to formulate a list of species and management methods for foreign invasion. To this end, this year, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Ministry and other relevant departments formulated the "Notice on Printing and Distributing the General Plan for Foreign Invasive Species Census" to conduct a national census of 10 major foreign aquatic creatures, including crocodile crickets.

Except for crocodile crickets and martyrs, water gourds, Brazilian turtles, and Fushou snails belong to foreign invasive species, which have caused damage to many local ecosystems in my country. Chen Kelin emphasized that many foreign species have double -sidedness and have many advantages when introducing, but after their crazy proliferation, the shortcomings are highlighted. The difference is that when the foreign invasion species are just discovered, the difficulty of governance will be relatively small, and after the flooding, it is very difficult for later governance.

Pre -precision prevention is more important than later governance

"The disaster caused by the invasion of foreign species to people is painful." Chen Kelin told reporters that after the invasion of foreign species, it often takes a lot of time and financial investment in governance, which is very difficult to govern.

Taking each other's rice grass as an example, it grows and spreads in the surrounding offshore areas. Not only does it occupy the beach coating, because the reproduction ability is super strong, the seeds or plants can drift around with the wind, and the conditions can grow. According to media reports, Mutual Grassy has seriously affected the wetland ecological environment of Chongming Island, Shanghai. Its invasion of competition replacement seriously threatened indigenous plants and reeds and reeds, causing severe atrophy of the distributed area of ​​sea tritermia. Seeds, sparks and seedlings of sea tri -salled grass are important food sources of migratory birds in the Yangtze River mouth. The invasion of mutual rice grass will affect the source and habitat area of ​​bird food, resulting in changes in the structure of the wetland ecosystem and degeneration.

To this end, the Shanghai Municipal Development and Reform Commission, the Municipal Finance Bureau, the Municipal Greening Bureau, and the Chongming District Government cooperate with the governance to govern each other, with a total investment of more than 1.1 billion yuan. Chen Kelin had witnessed the governance process of Mutual Grassy in Shanghai Chongming Island. He said that this may be the best way, but this method is large and difficult to govern. Even if all the flowers of rice grass are drowned, perhaps a large wind blows, and the seeds come with the wind, and they will still take root and grow crazy. This greatly increases the difficulty of governance and is a headache.

Chen Kelin believes that the invasion of foreign species must be fundamentally contained. For example, at the beginning of the discovery of foreign invasion species, it should be managed in a timely manner to strive to obtain the maximum benefits at a minimum cost. "The invasion of foreign species is a very serious issue. The harm caused by the local ecological environment is inestimable. The country attaches great importance to related issues."

Acts that are unconsciously introduced by foreign invasion species, such as carrying and introducing foreign species when carrying out activities abroad. In this regard, Chen Kelin said that pre -prevention is more important than later governance. On the one hand, government laws must be strictly implemented, and on the other hand, they should popularize relevant knowledge of foreign species to the general people, especially citizens who often go in and out. Everyone's knowledge level has improved. After understanding the threat and destruction of foreign species on the local ecological environment, you will know how to declare the importance of returning items overseas and take the initiative to control yourself.

Should we prohibit foreign invasion of species transactions?

On August 29, the reporter searched for keywords such as "Brazil to Turtle" and "Water Hulin" on multiple online shopping platforms, and found that multiple online stores sold these foreign invasive species. Although many online stores emphasize as viewing, they can't help but make people doubt that since these products are already foreign invasive species, why is it allowed to transaction? From the perspective of prevention, should foreign invasion of species transactions be prohibited?

In this regard, Chen Kelin said that foreign invasive species usually refer to the introduction of local species to natural reproduction or reproduction. As for whether it can be traded, there is no prohibition. Just like imported bean products from the United States or imported from Russia, these trade is allowed. He also believes that issues such as breeding, release, and discarding of foreign species should attract attention, and relevant departments should strengthen supervision.

In addition, some large aquariums are one of the high -risk places for the flooding of foreign invasion species. The way of introducing or handling foreign species requires comprehensive supervision of relevant departments. The "Administrative Measures for Foreign Invasion Species", which is implemented on August 1st this year, stipulates that no unit or individual may be introduced, released or discarded on foreign species without approval. Those who violate the provisions shall be punished in accordance with Article 81 of the Biological Safety Law of the People's Republic of China, and if they are suspected of crime, they will be transferred to the judicial organs to investigate criminal responsibility.

At the same time, the "Administrative Measures for Foreign Invasion Species" clarify that the Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs and relevant departments will establish a census system for foreign invasion species, organize a national census every ten years, and grasp the number, distribution range, and degree of harm of foreign invasion species in my country, and the degree of distribution. Incorporate the census results into the basic information platform and natural resources of the land and space. At the same time, the monitoring system of foreign invasion species will also be established, the monitoring network of foreign invasion of foreign invasion is constructed, and monitoring stations are set up in accordance with the division of responsibilities, and normalized monitoring is organized.

In recent years, from the perspective of legislation and propaganda, we can see that my country attaches great importance to the problems of foreign species invasion. At the regulatory level, the relevant management system is constantly improving.

Editing ｜ Cui Xiaolin

Edit ｜ Wang Qian

School pair ｜ Zhang Bo Zhang Xuehui

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