"Beeman" in the mountains!

Text ｜ "China Science News" reporter Zhang Qingdan

On August 17, the light rain under the Cangyuan Ling Autonomous County, Lincang City, Yunnan Province, located at the border of China and Myanmar. After the reporter took a long time on the winding Wanshan Road, and walked for 1 kilometer muddy road, he finally saw Huang Jiaxing, chief scientist of the Chinese bee in the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (hereinafter referred to as the bee). He is holding more than 600 boxes of bees behind him.

Here is an ending field, which is the place where the bee colony is crucial. The Huang Jiaxing did not dare to slack off. In order to avoid a large number of bee descendants caused by near -hand, the site selection of the ending field should be more than 12 kilometers away from the Yuwang field. He runs back and forth between multiple bee farms.

The long rainy season makes it harder to move the beehive in the mountains, but the Huang Jiaxingle is not tired. He firmly believes that the bee industry can definitely become the pillar industry here.

In the past two years, nearly thousands of farmers have participated in beekeeping. With the help of Bee Institute and China Oriental Airlines Group Co., Ltd., the business card of "Cangyuan Black Honey" finally sparkled.

Huang Jiaxing worked at the end of the bee in Cangyuan County. Photo by Zhang Qingdan

In -depth research and found special honey

Huang Jiaxing has a special emotion to bees, they are like his child. In order to study the bear bee in the bee family, he almost traveled throughout the north and south of our country, and even the unmanned area of ​​the Coco Xili was no exception.

Since 2004, he has collected more than 50,000 bee specimens with his colleagues.

In the past two years, he focused his work in this colorful place in Cangyuan County.

Bees with extremely high requirements for climate conditions and ecological environments are suitable for the stretch of Aya Mountain.

In order to select the best habitat, the Huang Jiaxing crossed Chongluan Stacking to carry out investigations.

On the one hand, we must understand the specific breeding status of the local bee farm, and on the other hand, the county's honey powder source plants must be "found".

For more than a month of survey, with valuable gains. "We found a kind of rice flower that is exclusive to this mountainous area. It is a kind of Chinese medicinal material that grows above 1500 meters above sea level. Two months. "Huang Jiaxing said in an interview with the China Science News.

The color of honey made by bees is black, so it is called black honey. Due to this kind of flower pure and wild, the demand for habitats is very high, and naturally pollution -free and non -agricultural residues, the quality of black honey is particularly good.

In the view of Huang Jiaxing, Black Honey has huge development potential and can be created as a local characteristic business card.

In addition to the rice dumplings, the Huang Jiaxing also found a variety of excellent honey source plants, such as triangles, chestnuts, nuts, etc. These honey powder plants can produce special honey.

With the support and help of China Oriental Airlines Group Co., Ltd. and Cangyuan County People's Government, Huang Jiaxing led the team to establish a test station here to scientifically guide the local bee farm layout and bee breeding.

Science and technology empowerment, solve difficult difficulties

The average annual temperature of Cangyuan County is 17.3 degrees Celsius, and the flowering period of the rice dumplings is in winter. Cangyuan is creating the rice dumplings black honey industry, and it needs some low -temperature bee varieties.

The Huang Jiaxing team selected the Chinese bee (hereinafter referred to as Zhongye) as the "protagonist" of the industry's revitalization.

They collect and evaluate the natural bee resources in Cangyuan County and the surrounding areas, choose some bee colony with excellent production and reproductive performance, and then use modern breeding methods to screen the excellent Chinese bee varieties, and establish a bee breeding ground. The Chinese bee variety is preserved and utilized.

However, as soon as the bees were raised, the local bees were "persecuted", and the bee was seriously lost, which made the bee farmers very distressed. "The bee can kill a box of bees in just two hours."

"The problem of the bee is very serious. If this problem is not solved, it will hit the beekeeper enthusiasm. We designed a 'anti -theft door' for each beehive. Don't go. "Huang Jiaxing pointed to a place under the beehive.

Next is to change local traditional beekeeping methods. "We found that the local beekeeping was very casual. When there was honey, it would not be fed with bees without honey. This caused a large number of bees to flee, especially the rainy season flew more seriously." Huang Jiaxing was very sorry.

As a result, the Huang Jiaxing team formulated the key points of breeding management at each stage for local climate characteristics to improve the ability of bee colony to resist the harsh environment.

They also carried out some experimental experiments of bee colony nutrition, and carried out nutritional supplies to bees in specific seasons, and raised strong groups for different flowering periods, especially in the production of honey in large -scale honey -stages, effectively improving the output and quality of honey.

In response to the problem of long local rainy season and heavy rainfall, Huang Jiaxing invented a beehive with raining roof.

In the demonstration farm of Fugong Village, Banhong Township, Cangyuan County, the reporters saw that the mountains are all kinds of huts like huts. They can avoid rainwater invasion and reduce the death of bees.

In addition to the production of honey, Peng Wenjun, the director of the bee, pointed out the more important role of bees -pollination, which can increase the efficiency of agricultural production and promote ecological balance.

"We find that there are many local crops that need to be pollinated, such as the Australian nut industry developed now. At present, nuts output are not good, and it is actually a problem of pollination. The same is true of other tropical crops such as mangoes. Function. "Peng Wenjun said.

The rice dumplings are black honey. Huang Jiaxing's picture

The prosperous people, helping the villagers to revitalize beekeeping in the mountains. It is a bitter issue. The bee farm is very close to the National Nature Reserve of the South River River. In addition to inconvenient transportation, difficulty eating and living, and mosquito bites, there are often wild animals. Just a few days ago, a beehive at the end of the end was taken away by a bear.

But these "Beeman" still adhere to it.

"Every night, they are busy until ninety o'clock. In the old forests of the deep mountains, the surrounding black paint, there is no electricity, no water, no signal, it is too hard. Because the habit of the bee here is at eight or nine o'clock in the evening Starting 'dry work'. "Shang Shuyu, deputy county chief of Cangyuan County, said in an interview with the China Science News.

Fortunately, all the hardships and sweats I gained finally rewarded. The local bee farmers all trust the Huang Jiaxing team very much and have regarded them as a family. Under the guidance of these "beeman", the production and quality of black honey have been greatly improved, and the enthusiasm of bee farmers is unprecedented. More and more farmers want to join the beekeeping team.

Since Cangyuan County wants to build rice groups of black honey, it is necessary to endorse the function of black honey.

In the early stage, the researchers of the bee have conducted a preliminary analysis of the characteristics of the black honey of the rice dumplings, indicating that the antibacterial performance of the rice dumplings black honey is stronger than 20+.

Recently, scientific researchers have also learned about the black formation mechanism of black honey in rice groups. Related results were published in "Agricultural Food Chemistry", which provided key scientific and technological support for black honey quality identification and product development.

In Lincang City, Cangyuan honey has been small and famous. Nearby counties know that Cangyuan honey is good, and the black honey of rice dumplings has gradually penetrated into the minds of consumers. Black honey is in short supply, and the income is very high, and its price is about 3 to 5 times the yellow honey.

Picking honey during the flower period, 1 beehive can produce 2 ~ 3 kg of black honey, and 1 catties of black honey can now be sold to 200 yuan, so 1 beehive can earn more than 800 yuan per year.

The flowering period is stacked here. The honey source is constant throughout the year. In addition to the black honey of the rice dumplings, there are also chestnut honey, nut honey, triangular honey, wild osmanthus honey, etc., and a large cycle has been formed throughout the year.

"Counting all honey income, a beehive can earn at least 1,000 yuan a year, and the profit is considerable. Raising 100 boxes of bees, you don't have to go out to work." Huang Jiaxing said.

The coordinated cooperation of "Science and Technology and Enterprise Politics" has taken the bee industry as the fist industry of Cangyuan County's "one county, one industry", and is committed to creating a world -class "black honey capital" centered on Cangyuan's secret.

At present, Cangyuan County has built 18 bee farms and more than 6,400 bees.

In the first half of 2022, the county's honey production was 56.92 tons, of which 14.65 tons of black honey, registered 3 bee product trademarks, bee products have been sold online for 129 tons, achieving an output value of 10.32 million yuan.

In Peng Wenjun's view, the bee industry still has a wider world. "We have to enter other industries. For example, bee products can be used as raw materials for other consumer products, not a single edible honey, royal pulp, pollen and other bee products. Its role will become greater and stronger."

"China Science News" (2022-08-31, 4th edition)

Edit | Zhao Lu

Capture | Guo Gang

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