Better play a legal role to strengthen the protection of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau ecology -interpretation of the draft Qinghai -Tibet Plateau Ecological Protection Law

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 30th.

Xinhua News Agency reporter Gao Jing

The draft of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau Ecological Protection Law was first submitted to the 36th meeting of the 13th National People's Congress Standing Committee for review on the 30th. This is a dedicated legislation that my country aims to protect the ecology of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau. Why does the law specialize in the protection of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau ecology? What are the highlights of this law?

According to the draft description, the total area of ​​the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau in my country is about 2.58 million square kilometers, involving the counties and cities in 6 provinces and regions of Tibet, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Sichuan, Gansu, and Yunnan. The Qinghai -Tibet Plateau is the highest plateau in the world, a key area and sensitive area for global climate change. It is the most developed area of ​​the world's glacier and the source area of ​​many important rivers in Asia. The quality and function of the ecosystem of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau directly affects my country's ecological safety, biological diversity, water supply supply, climate system stability, and carbon revenue and expenditure balance. It has a unique and irreplaceable effect in China's ecological security in my country and even the world.

However, the ecological environment of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau faces many problems and challenges. The degeneration of grassland is still serious, the risk of glacier degeneration has intensified, soil and soil loss and land desertification are harmful. Biodiversity is threatened, extreme climate increases, climatic risks and secondary disaster risks caused by it. To respond to changes in the ecological environment and ecological risks of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau, we need to strengthen the protection of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau system from the national legislative level and the prevention of ecological security risks, optimize the ecological security barrier system, and keep the national ecological security boundary in accordance with the law.

According to the draft explanation, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress attaches great importance to this legislative work. In 2021, the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau ecological protection survey and legislative demonstration was organized, and a total of 8 research and evaluation reports were proposed. During the draft law draft, accurately grasped legislative positioning, highlights the key content, and formulated targeted measures for specific and prominent issues on the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau, and systematically constructed the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau ecological protection legal system. At the same time, the draft focuses on the connection with laws such as environmental protection laws.

A total of 74 chapters of the draft proposes the basic principles of the ecological protection of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau, improve the management system, build ecological security patterns, strengthen ecological protection and restoration, strengthen ecological risk prevention and control, improve protection and supervision.

The draft establishes the basic principles of ecological protection of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau, closely linked to the main line, and takes ecological protection as the basic prerequisite and rigid constraints of regional development. The draft is clear that the ecological protection of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau should respect nature, adapts to nature, and protect nature; adhere to ecological protection first, keep the border of natural ecological security; adhere to nature recovery as the main, landscape, forest, field lake, grass and sedimentation protection and restoration; adhere to ecological priority, priority, and Green development, coordination and coordination, classification of policies, scientific prevention and control, and systematic governance.

Focusing on the establishment of the ecological security pattern of Qinghai -Tibet Plateau and optimizing the ecological security barrier system, the draft specifies the control of the Land and Space of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau and the use of land and space use, ecological environment partition management and control plan, and ecological environment access list, natural protection land system construction, resource development access access EMU.

Focusing on comprehensive protection and effectively repairing the high -cold ecosystem of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau, improving the quality and stability of the ecosystem, enhancing the supply capacity of ecological products and ecosystem service functions, the draft provides regulations on the protection of ecosystem elements such as rivers, lakes, grasslands, forests, and wetlands Strengthen the protection of core areas such as Sanjiangyuan, strengthen the protection of the precious, endangered and regional wild animal and plant species of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau, and stipulate institutional measures such as the protection of cultivated land, desertification, and soil loss prevention, and green mine construction.

In response to the ecological risks brought about by the impact of climate change and human activities, build efficient response, adapt to climate change and disaster prevention and mitigation systems. Institutional measures such as frozen soil protection, major engineering ecology, quality resources protection and management, and prevention and control of foreign species invasion.

In order to strengthen the policy support and guarantee of the ecological protection of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau, the draft also clarified the support policies such as finance, taxation, finance, and ecological protection compensation, and encouraged and supported social capital to participate in the protection and restoration of the ecological protection of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau. , Judicial Guarantee and the Supervision of the People's Congress.

The draft description pointed out that the top -level design of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau ecological protection and governance system is strengthened, and special institutional measures are taken to ecological protection of this specific geographical area to coordinate the promotion of the integrated protection and system repair of landscapes, forests, lakes, and grass ice. Systemic and coordinated, better play the role of legislation, promotion and guarantee, solve problems in the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau in accordance with the law, and the existing problems in the carrying capacity of resource and environmental carrying, disaster risk prevention, and green development channels. Development and promote the harmonious coexistence of man and nature.

[Editor in charge: Liu Yang]

- END -