Wang Chengshu: The founder of Chinese uranium isotope separation theory

Wang Chengshu (third from right) is working.

Moderator: Zhang Meifang (Professor of Beijing University of Science and Technology)

Wang Chengshu (1912-1994), the founder of China's outstanding female nuclear physicists and the separation of uranium is separated. She paid countless efforts and sweat in her life, and worked hard to promote my country's nuclear technology for 50 years, but she was willing to be named for 30 years, separated from her family, and was forgotten by the public. A yellow note was sandwiched in her diary, which wrote: "Under any conditions, resolutely complete any task that the party handed over to me, and sacrifice her life at all when necessary."

On June 26, 1912, Wang Chengshu was born in a wealthy and excellent book incense house in Shanghai. She must be strong and talented in nature and never give up studying. In 1930, Wang Chengshu graduated from Beiman Girl Middle School with excellent results. He decisively applied for the Department of Physics of Yanjing University because of his ambition to change the current situation of Chinese physics. As the only girl in the class, Wang Chengshu continued to work hard and was awarded the highest honor of the school- "Fito" Golden Key Award at the time of graduation. In 1936, Wang Chengshu stayed at the master's degree in physics of Yanjing University and taught school, completely breaking the stereotype of women around him. In 1939, Wang Chengshu and Zhang Wenyu, a professor of physics at Yanjing University, became husband and wife. After her husband went south to the Southwest United University, Wang Chengshu learned that the University of Michigan in the United States set up a scholarship specially provided to young Asian women, but married women could not apply. She believes that "whether women can do their careers must not be ruled by marriage or not," so they immediately repaired the Scholarship Council to show their determination to eventually be admitted by the University of Michigan.

In 1949, after the founding of New China, Wang Chengshu urgently wanted to return to China, but was forced to stay for China -US diplomacy issues. But Wang Chengshu was not discouraged, and she hurriedly explored scientific research. In 1951, she and Professor Ulenbuk jointly created the "WCU" equation named after the surname of the two. This equation is still used by the scientific community. Shortly after that, she first proved the "Sonan polynomial", which caused a sensation in the international academic community and praised by Ullenbeck as "rare talent." However, despite the fame in the United States, Wang Chengshu resolutely returned to China in 1956 as a researcher at the theoretical research office of the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and was also a professor of the Department of Physics at Peking University. He devoted himself to the physics cause of the motherland.

After returning to China, Wang Chengshu accepted the research work with a strong confidentiality atomic bomb under the invitation of Qian Sanqiang. Since then, he has a well -known surname and no longer attended any public meeting. In 1962, Wang Chengshu came to the 504 factory of the first concentrated uranium production plant in China. Wang Chengshu worked hard and led the team to successfully develop the first high -thick uranium in China, providing core fuel for my country's first atomic bomb explosion. Subsequently, Wang Chengshu received the task of developing China's own concentrated uranium equipment, and served as chief designer. After more than 10 years of joint efforts with relevant experts, my country's centrifugal technology has reached the stage of industrial application. She proposed the research on laser separation, and in 1991, she realized laser separation and concentrated uranium, becoming a milestone in the history of laser separation technology in my country.

In 1992, Zhang Wenyu died, and Wang Chengshu donated the two to the hope project. In Sakya Prefecture, Shigatse, Tibet, a school named "Wenyu Elementary School" was established. In the same year, Wang Chengshu received a notice of illness due to the accumulation of illness, and Wang Chengshu immediately wrote a testament to emphasize: Do not do funeral, donate the remains, donate all books and information, and pay party fees.

On June 18, 1994, Wang Chengshu resigned. Walking in the world for more than 80 years, Wang Chengshu was heart -minded, physically physically, did not seek names, and lived poverty. Her name may be known, but her achievements are always recorded in the history of the rise of Chinese science. She became the backbone of the Republic with a woman. Her spirit deserves admiration and follow.

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