How difficult is it to build a road in the "roof of the world"?

The intersection video of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau, the snow -capped mountain peaks stand on the top of the earth, standing on the top of the earth with towering majesty, known as the "roof of the world". The Qinghai -Tibet Highway starts with Qinghai Golmud, turning over the mountains, winding from the sky, extending all the way to Lhasa, the capital of Tibet Autonomous Region. It is the earliest "sky road". From the completion of the Qinghai -Tibet Highway in 1954, to the first Gongyu Expressway, which has passed through the high -cold and high altitude in 2017, the Gongyu Expressway, which has passed through the high -cold and high altitude, has been completed and opened to traffic. The plan is accelerated, and the "Sky Road" legend on the "Roof of the World" continues to write. The Qinghai -Tibet Highway opened to traffic. Recently, the Consultation Seminar of the China Academy of Engineering's strategic research and consulting project "Qinghai -Tibet Strategic Channel Security Guarantee Strategy Research" was held in Golmud City, Qinghai Province. Experts and scholars participating in the projects and other topics of the construction planning and intelligent construction of Qinghai -Tibet Highway were discussed and exchanged to help the traffic in Qinghai -Tibet. Infrastructure construction suggestions and suggestions, drawing a new "Tianlu" legend on the "roof of the world". ① The Tanggula Mountain mouth at an altitude of 5231 meters to the "roof of the world" is the highest point of the Qinghai -Tibet Highway. Here, there is an unparalleled empty, pure and bright among the heavens and the earth. The cold wind that whistled from the northern Tibet Plateau wrapped in the memory of history, and the story of the road building hero was outlined on the top of the snowy mountains. In 1951, Tibet was liberated peacefully, and the Central Committee sent the People's Liberation Army to Tibet. At that time, the supply of materials in the Tibetan troops was very tight, and the issue of grain and supply became a key issue for the PLA to stand in Tibet. Mu Shengzhong, then the political commissar of the Tibet Transport Corps, led his materials to transport materials twice. Due to the harsh climate along the way, an average of 1 kilometer per line is consumed. Facing the difficult situation, Mu Shengzhong gave up the idea of ​​cultivating a highway from Qinghai to Tibet. "Father of Qinghai -Tibet Highway" Mu Shengzhong. The incident won the support of Peng Dehuai. He instructed Mu Shengzhong to build a road from the northern part of Gansu to the Indian border passing through the Chaidama Basin and Tibet Lhasa, and pointed out that "to complete the task with a strategic vision." In February 1954, Mu Shengzhong led his team to a vast Gobi, and his eyes were full of nature of nature. Faced with the chaotic river in the face of endless weeds, reeds, sand willows, and hidden flows, I couldn't help asking: "Where is Golmud?" Mu Shengzhong replied: "Where is my tent tied? The Plateau opened a flat avenue to Tibet, north, and Xinjiang. "On May 11 of that year, Mu Shengzhong led 19 cadres and more than 1,200 migrant workers to build road construction. He is equipped with a tinchida and a cross, and it is proofd from Golmud to the "roof of the world." At that time, the road was generally not repaired. One was that there was no time, and the other was no materials. Some river cars can't go through, Mu Shengzhong asked the soldiers to buy chair of chakama, compile them into large baskets, and then put the large gravel of the river in the river, put two permeable river embankments in the river, and walked again. On the road of the car, it can be drove to the road on the road. It is under such a spirit of not being afraid of suffering and not afraid of death. It took only 7 months and 4 days to build the snowy road from Golmud to Lhasa for only 7 months and 4 days. Repair difficulties. Today, this Qinghai -Tibet Highway, known as the "Sky Road", is not only responsible for 85%of Tibetan and 90%of the material transportation volume, but also the oil pipelines, Tibetan power grids, communication cables, and Qinghai -Tibet Railway since the reform and opening up The construction projects of major countries are based on the Qinghai -Tibet Highway. It plays an important role in Tibet's economic development and social stability, and is known as the "lifeline" of Tibet. ② The standard of Qinghai -Tibet Highway, which was tied to the plateau frozen soil in 1954, was very low. It was necessary to take a car. The main reason is to solve the supply of troops in Tibet as soon as possible. In order to better play its function as a "lifeline" in and out of Tibet, since 1955, the state has carried out two reconstruction and three rectifications on the Qinghai -Tibet Highway. In the 1970s, the Qinghai -Tibet Highway had been tortured by the plateau for many years, and it was fragmented and fragmented, resulting in the vehicle unable to pass. The central government decided to rebuild the Qinghai -Tibet Highway, paved asphalt pavement, and building steel cement bridges. It can be talked about how easy it is to build asphalt roads on the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau for many years. Even in the world, this problem has not been resolved. In 1973, the former Ministry of Jiaotong established the Qinghai -Tibet Highway for many years of frozen soil science research group, and allocated special funds to study the technical problems of asphalt pavement built by the frozen soil area of ​​the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau for many years. In May of the same year, the first -generation workers of the frozen soil scientific research team on the Qinghai -Tibet Highway have embarked on the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau. The five beams known as the "Ghost Gate Pass" began their snowstorm on the frozen soil. It also wrote the first first of the CCCC's First Highway Survey and Design Institute (referred to as China Jiaotongyi Public House) to carry out many years of frozen earth science research. Taoist workers at work. In this way, the older generation of roads with their heads on the top of their heads and the boldness of the Eight directions of the Wasteland, and observed it for 5 years on the desolate Qinghai -Tibet line. Observation data is enough to fill a few trucks to build roads for many years of frozen land belt to accumulate road accumulation of highways. The first batch of valuable original data, which initially answered the question of whether the frozen soil area of ​​the plateau can build the asphalt road that meets the needs of the country for many years.

After that, the China Communications First Public Hospital studied the problems of underground ice distribution, road base stability, and bridge culvert management of the Qinghai -Tibet Highway. The research results formed "Black Road Construction Technology in the Frozen Earth Frozen Area in Qinghai -Tibet Highway" won the first prize in the 1987 National Science and Technology Progress. With the support of these achievements, my country has opened up the first second -level highway in the history of human road building. Wang Shuangjie, a master of engineering survey and design and chief engineer of China Transportation Construction Group Co., Ltd., is the core figure of the fourth scientific research achievement of the frozen earth scientific research team of Qinghai -Tibet Highway for many years. He recalled: "The days when I measured the design on the new Tibetan line, I was prepared for the hard work of the Qinghai -Tibet Line in the future. I used to bring the measurement team distributed by the troops to walk through the Karakolon Mountain at an altitude of 5,400 meters. On the cliffs of the mountains, the unforgettable experience of inserting steel pupa in random stones and hanging ropes across the turbulent stream. "Wang Shuangjie (first from the right) led the team to study frozen soil on the Qinghai -Tibet Highway. The "two roads" spirit that has been tempered by the years of wind food and landslides, and has become a symbol that the people of Qinghai -Tibet Highway melted into the blood, which inspired them to go forward and worship, and compose a magnificent and exciting hero praise song, opened up The new journey of the Qinghai -Tibet Highway Frozen Earth Engineering Innovation Technology. In 2002, Wang Shuangjie served as the general person in charge of the highway construction of highways in frozen soil areas. Workers' 34 years of scientific research, concentrated and sublimated, formed the "Frozen Earth Qinghai -Tibet Highway Construction and Maintenance Technology", and once again won the first prize of national scientific and technological progress. ③ Augusting to the Qinghai -Tibet Expressway in August 2021, the Nala Highway Naquan to Yangbajing section of the Beijing -Tibet highway to open trial operations, marking the entire line of the Nara Highway, ending the Northern Grassland. The history of the highway also focused on the expectations of the expectations from all walks of life to the Qinghai -Tibet Expressway to the Lhasa section again. Nala highway. In Wang Shuangjie's opinion, "building highways in the frozen earth areas in the plateau is much more rare than building railways. Frozen soil for many years is the biggest technical problem facing the construction of highways in the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau." Similarly, it is necessary to step by step, and you can go steadily to go steadily. In 2017, the world's first years of frozen earth highway Gongyu Expressway was opened to traffic. This highway with a total length of 635 kilometers and a design speed of 80 kilometers per hour has 227 kilometers in the frozen soil area. Gongyu Expressway. "Compared with railway roads, the frozen land is the full cross -section absorbing heat. Long -term monitoring shows that the high -speed highway wide asphalt pavement suction heat is doubled, accounting for more than 90%of the total intake heat of the full section." Wang Shuangjie said, CCCC One One The public hospital adopts "ventilation and ventilation" -the ventilation pipeline, film (block) stone circuit base, "isolation and cover" -the black protective network cover process, XPS insulation board circuit base, "heat transmission" -The warm stick circuit base, etc. Technical means to overcome the worldwide technical problem of frozen soil ablation. The successful practice of the Gongyu Expressway has also accumulated rich experience in the planning and construction of the Qinghai -Tibet Highway. The science and technology section of the Gongyu Expressway is hot. "Qinghai -Tibet Highway must cross 550 kilometers of frozen soil areas for many years, and high -temperature and high ice -containing frozen soil is very unstable. Compared with the completion of the Gongyu Expressway, the Qinghai -Tibet Highway is higher, the climate is worse, the ecology is more The risk of fragile and frozen soil control is greater. "Wang Shuangjie said. In fact, before the construction of the Gongyu Expressway, the CPC First Public House has adhered to the plateau for more than 40 years, surrounding the Qinghai -Tibet Highway's previous rectification and reconstruction, and exploring the research methods and testing techniques formed formed. The research foundation has created the theory and technical system of my country's frozen earth engineering. Qinghai -Tibet Highway. Since the 1970s, the CCCC First Public House has lasted for nearly half a century of frozen earth research and technical precipitation, which is unique in the civil engineering industry, and it has also established an internationally leading position of frozen earth engineering research. Relying on the relevant research of the Cold District Road, the China Communications No. 1 Public Hospital has won the first prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Two, and won the second prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Two times, filling the technical gap in the construction of asphalt roads in the frozen soil areas in the world. Not only do you provide support for major projects such as Qinghai -Tibet Highway, Qinghai -Tibet Railway, and Gongyu Expressway, but also provide technical support for the Qinghai -Tibet Highway that has not been opened. In 2014, the CCCC No. 1 Public House "High -altitude and Highway Construction Technology" was selected into the national science and technology support plan. On May 4, 2017, the project passed the expert group for acceptance. Experts believe that the project research results are the system integration, innovation and transcendence of high -speed highway construction technology in high -altitude and highway construction in my country, reflecting the current cutting -edge level of this technology research. On July 24 this year, the Frozen Earth Expressway Construction Technical Symposium was held in Beijing. Experts and scholars in the meeting believed that after years of research and engineering practice, my country ’s highway construction theory, methods, and technologies in the frozen earth areas were in the same years. The theoretical, energy balance design methods and frozen land temperature and sinking prevention control, heat -controlling, heat resistance, temperature regulation, etc. have achieved rich results, marking that the construction of the Qinghai -Tibet highway in my country has a complete technical support. The Tibetan village with a strong ethnic style is inlaid next to the reconstructed Qinghai -Tibet Highway. "The frozen earth, the fiery emotions, the fullness of the fullness will eventually melt the frozen soil for thousands of years.

"The Qinghai -Tibet Highway person represented by Wang Shuangjie is guided by the" two roads "spirit as the guidance, step by step, adhere to the persistence of the Kunlun Mountains for decades, climb the green Tang Gulashan, walk through the unmanned area of the cocoa, and in the deserted Gobi Beach.On the way out of the thin -air plateau frozen soil area, on the way out of the heroes, the "Sky Road" legend on the "roof of the world" is continued.Editorial of the Provincial Department of Transport 丨 Guo Ying Wang Junfeng Liao Yan review 丨 Preparation of Wei Tao 丨 Sun Yingli submitted mailbox: [email protected]

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