A Tibetan story behind a national secondary cultural relic photo

On May 20, 2022, a photo taken in 1932 was rated as a national secondary cultural relic. This is a special photo of Lilac Martyrs and lover, and the only photo of the two. In 2009, the family who was happy to find the photo during the old house was renovated, and in 2010 it was donated to the Martyrs Memorial Hall of the Nanjing Yuhuatai. The protagonist of the photo is happy, and his ancestral home was in Taicang, Jiangsu. He studied at Soochow University (now Suzhou University) in his early years. He participated in Tibet peaceful liberation negotiations as a representative. He is a loyal practitioner and model demonstrator of the old Tibet spirit.

Half of the lungs into Tibet to interpret the spirit of the old Tibet

On January 30, 1950, the Minister of Culture and Education, the Ministry of Culture and Education of the Nanjing Federation of Trade Unions, received the telegram of the Central Military Commission, and transferred it to Tibet with the Eighteenth Army. Since then, he has received a letter from Zhang Guohua, then the commander of the 18th Army, informing him of his troops preparing to enter Tibet in south of Sichuan and asking him to return to the team as soon as possible. He is happy to be the Propaganda Minister of the Political Department of the Eighteenth Army, and is the old minister of Zhang Guohua's very important commander. After receiving the letter from the Military Commission and the military commander, he was happy to hesitate to clean up his luggage immediately and prepare to go to Chongqing.

According to the regulations, he went to the hospital to check his body before leaving. The doctor found that his left lung had dry, and there were two calcification points on the upper part of the right lung. This physical condition was not suitable for plateau life. However, he was willing to enter the Tibetan attitude and resolutely rejected the doctor's suggestion, and arrived in Chongqing on April 10. In response to the physical condition of happiness, Qian Xinzhong, then Minister of Health of the Southwest Military Region, personally checked it for him. The conclusion was that the left lung atrophy, the right thorax hypertrophic, the heart shifted to the left, the right lung compensation expanded to the left, and it was calcified. point. According to the results of the inspection, the physical conditions of Honghong do not meet the requirements of entering Tibet, cannot adapt to the environment of hypoxia at the plateau, and cannot enter Tibet with the army.

Tibet is located in the plateau, with a low oxygen content. Normal people live in the plateau due to hypoxia and various plateau reactions. What's more, he is happy to have only half a lung, but he has to face the same physical test as normal people. It is conceivable that in the environment of hypoxia in the plateau, the heart and lung must bear greater pressure and burden, and to withstand the physical response that ordinary people are unimaginable. At that time, he was 42 years old. He was happy to suffer tuberculosis in his childhood. After being arrested and imprisoned, he was severely tortured by the enemy. The body was destroyed and the root of the disease was dropped. reason. However, he was happy that he had undergone the test of the difficult environment in the revolutionary war. He had no suffering that could not be eaten, and he could not overcome difficulties.

In view of the determination to be happy to enter Tibet, the leaders of the Southwest Bureau and medical experts finally agreed to try it, but if the body does not work, it will return quickly. Only half of the lungs are happy, and they have not shrunk because of physical condition, and they are not afraid of the hypoxic environment. It overcomes the challenges of hypoxia on the plateau, overcomes the difficulty of poor cardiopulmonary function, and has a stubborn fighting spirit that is particularly able to endure hard work. Typical representative.

Promote implementation and implementation of the party's national policy

In May 1950, he was happy to follow the commander of Zhang Guohua to Xinjin and take over the director of the Eighteenth Army Policy Research Office. Earlier, the Eighteenth Army established the policy research office of Wang Qimei, deputy political commissar of the Army, and was responsible for investigating the basic situation of Tibetan politics, economy, military, culture, society and other aspects. Specifically put forward specific policy recommendations and actions for entering Tibet.

Due to complex historical reasons and objective reality, at that time, the Eighteenth Army had little mastery of the overall situation of Tibet. Even a complete Tibetan map was not available. In addition In the process of preparing to enter Tibet, the central and southwestern bureaus attach great importance to the grasp and formulation of specific policies. In January 1950, Mao Zedong emphasized in the telegram: "The first step is to complete the survey situation within three and a half months, train cadres, train troops, build roads, and enter the junction of Kangzang." In January of the same year, Deng Xiaoping was the same as eighteen in the same year. When talking about the cadres above the military divisions, it was proposed: "Liberation Tibet must rely on policies to walk and eat." Policy issues have extreme importance in the process of entering Tibet and Jiefang Tibet, and the work of the policy research office is very important and urgent. 2月16日，西南局、西南军区在电报中专门指出：“西藏问题（包括对于散布在西康、川西北及云南境内之藏族问题）之许多政策，尤其是政教问题，必须多方调查，提出具体Opinions, get solved. "

After being willing to reach the office, on the basis of the early work, the policy research office conducts systematic investigations and research on the overall situation of Tibet, and proposes specific policy references in accordance with the party's political policy; Preparations and other suggestions; united Tibetan research experts and train Tibetan cadres. The policy research office compiles Tibetan textbooks, enters Tibetan textbooks, and organizes all officers and soldiers to learn Tibetan and ethnic religious policies. Organize the translation of the "ten policies" of the Southwest Bureau, the policy of the policy, the slogan of entering Tibet, and the propaganda materials, etc., laying a solid foundation for improving the level of the 18th Army's warrior policy and implementing the party's national and religious policies.

In addition, in order to cultivate more Tibetan young cadres and promote national policy preaching and united front work, in June 1950, the Tibetan Working Committee of the Communist Party of China and the 18th Army Party Committee of the Eighteenth Army established the Tibetan Working Group. Essence The working group consists of two parts, and part of the party members mobilized by the Batang Party organization and the Dongzang Democratic Youth Alliance members, and the other part is the students of the Beijing Tibetan Class. These progressive youths will use Chinese and Tibetan language. The Tibetan working group has carried out cultural training, policy learning, ability exercise, etc., and arranges them to go to the organs, troops, military stations, etc., and serve as Tibetan translations and grassroots cadres, which greatly promotes the party The implementation and implementation of policies have played a positive role in entering Tibet, becoming the backbone force operating Tibet and building Tibet.

Specify the attendance to witness Tibet peaceful negotiations

On March 27, 1951, the director of the Office of the Tibet Work Committee of the Communist Party of China was happy, accompanied by the Tibetan local government peace talks on behalf of Apei Awang Jinmei, Turden, and Sangapo Dengtong Dunzhu to Beijing. After a long journey, the delegation arrived at Beijing Railway Station on April 22, and was warmly welcomed by party and state leaders such as Zhou Enlai, Zhu De.

On April 29, Zhou Enlai presided over the first meeting of the peaceful negotiations between the Central People's Government and the Tibetan local government. The meeting was designated to attend the meeting at the whole process, and was the two attended representatives designated by the central government. During the negotiations, Hong Hong was responsible for the communication and materials preparation of specific affairs to provide guarantees for the smoothness of the negotiations. On May 23, he was happy to witness the signing ceremony of the "Central People's Government and the Tibetan People's Government on the Liberation of Tibetan Measures" held in the Gentinary Political Hall of Zhongnanhai.

On June 13th, in the name of the 18th Army's Liaison Department, he accompanied the Central People's Government to Tibet representative Zhang Jingwu. He went to Tibet via Hong Kong, Singapore, India to visit the 14th Dalai Lama. After arriving in Yadong, when Kahashimv, when Zhang Jingwu met with Dalai Lama, he adopted the Dalai Lama and Baiguan next to him. In this regard, to emphasize that the meeting ceremony must show the affiliation of the local government to the central government, which is a principle issue. He repeatedly explained the party's national equality policies to Katashi officials. Especially in combination with Tibet peaceful liberation negotiations, party and state leaders such as Zhou Enlai and Zhu De personally went to the train station to greet them. The situation, which is well -founded to show official attitudes and opinions to officials. In the end, the two sides agreed that when Zhang Jingwu met with Dalai, Dalai Lama would not rise. Zhang Jingwu first rest in the tent, and then goes directly to the Dalai bedroom to meet.

In August 1951, he was happy to accompany Zhang Jingwu on behalf of Zhang Jingwu. In order to further publicize and explain the "Seventeenth Agreement", strive for the understanding and support of the upper -level people in Tibet, and follow the work arrangements, and be happy to visit officials with more than four grades of Tibetan government in accordance with the plan. Explain the party's national and religious policies. In more than two months, I have been willing to visit more than 30 upper -level people at the door, and more than 50 interviews and exchanges to help these upper -level people better understand and accept the party's national policies and religious policies, and strive to enter the PLA to enter. Support the work of Tibet and liberating Tibet.

As the personal calendar, participants and witnesses of Tibet's peaceful liberation cause, he is happy to believe in firmness, strong will, and firm character. He promotes the implementation of the "old Tibet spirit" and has made important contributions to the Tibetan revolution and construction cause.

(Source: Tibet Daily Client Author: Kongchuan Author: Secretariat Office of the General Office of the Tibet District Committee, the Marxist College of Suzhou University)

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