"Focus Interview" 20220827 to watch the large industry in the dining table in the dining table

CCTV News (Focus Interview): Now, whether it is going to the vegetable market or the supermarket, or placing an order online, as long as we need it, all kinds of ingredients can always reach our dining table. How did they be produced and met at our table, and then fused so delicious? The answer is actually hidden in the "vegetable basket" we know. Today, let's follow the most common foods on these tables to see what they have experienced and how they have shaped our beautiful life.

In a family of three generations in Beijing, a lunch is usually used. Vegetables, eggs, aquatic products, edible oil ... As long as we need, these ingredients can always reach our table quickly and become delicious.

Making these delicious edible oils from an oversized grain and oil production base about 180 kilometers away from Beijing. The 70,000 tons of soybeans loaded by a cargo ship need to be loaded and unloaded in 66 hours. After that, they will experience it. Several processes such as warehousing, quality inspection, squeezing, refining, etc., eventually turned into a bottle of edible oil and delivered it to the dining table of citizens in the northern region.

Eggs are a must -have for every time Aunt Wang purchased. The Chinese consume 400 billion eggs each year. The number is located in the world's number one. It supports such a huge consumer demand, which is more and more large -scale modern egg hen farms.

With more than 20 million people in Beijing, how to ensure that vegetables are continuously contributed, the answer is hidden in the agricultural product wholesale market in Xinfa. Various types of agricultural and sideline products, including vegetables across the country, are continuously transferred to each supermarket, vegetable field, and community shops, and finally arrived at people's dining tables. This huge market cluster, 18,000 tons of daily throughput, contracted about 80%of Beijing residents of about 80%of vegetables.

China's 1.4 billion people, one mouth every day, requires 700,000 tons of grain, 98,000 tons of oil, 1.92 million tons of vegetables and 230,000 tons of meat. To ensure that you can open meals, what is needed is the modern agricultural product supply network and large -scale production capacity. A big data company that specializes in providing agricultural conditions monitoring services uses satellite remote sensing technology to generate luminous data maps, allowing us to intuitively see the process and circulation process of agricultural products on the land of China.

Shandong Shouguang, more than 600 kilometers away from Beijing, is the highlight in the luminous data map. At two o'clock in the morning, as the truck drivers full of vegetables entered the market one after another, Shouguang Landfall Agricultural Product Logistics Park began to lively. The 2 million square meters of vegetable distribution center, more than 10,000 truck drivers, and more than 3 million tons of vegetables each year. After more than an hour of sampling quality inspection, vegetable transactions officially started.

In the six trading halls of the Logistics Park, more than 2,000 merchants are active. Behind them, they are connected to growers, agricultural products wholesale markets in 30 provinces (autonomous regions, cities) across the country, and our dining table. In Shouguang, the largest vegetable flow of vegetables in China is staged every day, and about 9 million tons of vegetables are distributed here a year. The Shouguang Vegetable Price Index released every day is called the "barometer" of Chinese vegetable prices.

Zhang Jing, an associate researcher at the Institute of Agricultural Information of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences: "The Shouguang Index is actually a good vegetable price of vegetables, especially in the northern market. They can take the initiative to mobilize merchants and enter more vegetables. There can be a more localized guarantee measure in the supply chain to calm the fierce fluctuations in the market. "

Today, when people walk into any supermarket or restaurant and open mobile software, they often face small troubles that do not know what to eat, but in the 1980s and 1990s, including Beijing In Shao North City, ordinary people are still worried about the lack of fresh vegetables in winter.

In 1988, in order to alleviate the contradiction between my country's non -staple food supply, the Ministry of Agriculture proposed the construction of a "vegetable basket" project, which was coordinated by the central government to create a "vegetable basket" supply chain system. It is the situation of the shortage of vegetable supply that allows the Shouguang people to see the opportunity. Starting with the development of the winter warm greenhouse, a revolution around vegetable planting and supply is kicked off. Wang Fengzhong, director of the Institute of Agricultural Products Processing of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said: "Greenhouse vegetables are a great startup of Chinese people. Shouguang has become a typical representative of Chinese greenhouse vegetables. Methods can be produced. At the same time, it can be effectively used for space. It was originally a layer of cultivation. Nowadays, many vegetable cultivation is multi -layered, so that the land can be saved more. "

The facility agriculture represented by the vegetable greenhouse not only greatly saves cultivated land, but also saves manpower. From the development of the first winter warm greenhouse in the late 1980s, the winter warm greenhouse of Shouguang has developed to the seventh generation. The Internet of Things technology is generally used, and various mechanized unmanned greenhouses came into being. As the "Chinese Vegetable Hometown" named by the State Council, Shouguang City has an existing vegetable planting area of ​​594,000 mu and 157,000 vegetable greenhouses. It has the largest vegetable production and wholesale market in the country and is the largest vegetable distribution center in the country.

Zhang Jing said: "From the beginning of Shouguang, from a few greenhouses to the very professional industries, the production of vegetables from small farmers and small households has formed a state of large -scale effects. Now there are very strong professional villages, even professional towns, and even professional towns. , To the extreme of the professionalization of some vegetable varieties. "

The facility agriculture represented by vegetable greenhouses has exceeded 60 million acres of facilities. People no longer worry about the region or even seasonal changes. From the plain to the mountains, to the snowy plateau, the food may be different in various places, but the "vegetable basket" is also rich. There are bad natural conditions in the Ali region of Tibet. It is difficult to imagine the past. Today, there are thousands of vegetable and vegetable greenhouses in the Ali area of ​​Tibet. In 2021, the vegetable planting area of ​​the Ali area in Tibet was 2610 acres, the output was 5410 tons, and the supply rate of vegetables in summer reached 48%.

From full food to eating well, rich and diverse. In the past 40 years, behind the changes in "vegetable baskets" is the leap -forward development of vegetable greenhouses and transportation infrastructure. In the past ten years, it has represented the Internet and big data The large -scale application of information technology continues to change the supply of agricultural products and people's "vegetable baskets".

Agricultural products do not pass through the middlemen and wholesalers, but they directly face consumers through the e -commerce platform. This not only reduces the loss of the intermediate link, has brought about the improvement of logistics efficiency. Standardized requirements.

Wang Fengzhong said: "The e -commerce platform brings is not just a problem of convenient e -commerce consumption, but also changes the problem of standardization of the overall production process of the supply chain. The e -commerce platform has certain binding power and cannot reach it. Standards are not collected. Because all standardized production must bring a large -scale effect, it is difficult to profit by a single product. When the scale is large, the e -commerce platform will have profits. When producing, there are brands. "

A fresh -e -commerce company has signed more than 550 agricultural direct mining bases. The product is directly supplied to more than 300 stores covering 27 cities across the country, and a set of strict supply standards have been formed. For example, some categories of fruits must be picked when the fruit eight is mature, and quickly distributes to the country; some meat vegetables and egg milk requires production the day before, in the early morning, and sold on the same day; "Keep" all the way into the stores in the inland cities. From the traditional fixed marketing to today's sales, agricultural resources are no longer mismatched, which provides new possibilities for the development of rural industries.

Zhang Jing said: "From the place of origin to the consumer's hands in the hands of consumers, this ultra -short chain supply model. In this model, the value -added premium may bring better income to farmers. This may be the transformation and upgrading of agricultural product supply chain transformation and upgrading. Bring a rural revitalization one of the most important sense. "

China's vast and diverse geographical climate environment, more than 8000 meters of altitude changes, allows Chinese people to have extremely rich ingredients. From the fields to the logistics truck, from the vegetable greenhouse to the fresh supermarket, the hard work and relay of countless workers allow the ingredients of Tiannanhai to cross the mountains and the sea, and meet on each table perfectly, so that the life on the tongue of the Chinese people is getting more and more. Come better.

The "vegetable basket" is connected to the city, connected to the countryside, associating the "table" of urban residents, and associated the "money bag" of the majority of farmers. And these are related to the sense of happiness and gain of the people. Through the "vegetable basket", we have seen the rapid progress of the agricultural product supply system since the reform and opening up, especially in the past ten years. process. During the "14th Five -Year Plan" period, we must also improve the modernization level of agricultural supply chain, make up for the shortcomings of agricultural product circulation facilities, and the agricultural product supply chain system will inevitably continue to move towards high -quality development.

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