Follow Huo Chengyan to swim through the world together

I really want to travel! Intersection Intersection

The child really wants to go out and play, but it is not possible to do it with his wishes.

Now the spiritual sustenance of daily is to look at beautiful photos and talk to comfort. But one day when I looked at the textbook of "Fire Rock Rock Stone", I suddenly found out that in fact, there were a lot of beauty in the name of Huo Chengyan. So today, Xiaobian follows Huo Chengyan and take a look at the beauty of the world together.

Do you still have the impression of the three major rock cycles in the textbooks of "Rock Scholars"?

Here was the knowledge of the rock science. The three major rocks include Huo Chengyan, sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks. The magma invades the underground or the surface will form a rock in the rock and spray rocks in the fire. Fire Rock can be divided into ultra -magnesium iron rocks (dark minerals & 90%), magnesium iron rocks (50%<90%), neutral rocks (15%

Based on dark mineral classification Dark-colored mineral content classification of ultra-magnesium iron rock magnesium iron iron, neutral rocky rocky rocky rock color rate & 9050-9015-50 <15 rock example pure olives, Fanghui olive rock and other Hui Long Flash rocks such as rocks, basalt rocks, Anshan rocks, rough rocks, rough rock granite, streaming rocks, etc.

Ultramore iron rock

Ultra -magnesium iron rock refers to the crystalline rocks with magnesium iron mineral content greater than 90%. Magnesium oxide (MGO) content of ultra -magnesium iron can reach 40%, while silicon dioxide (SIO2) and potassium oxide (K2O) are small. However, the rock lovers should pay attention to the difference between ultra -magnesium iron rocks and super -based rocks. Although many rocks are both super -based rocks and ultra -magnesium iron rocks, these two types of rocks are not the same concept. Ultra -magnesium iron rocks are divided according to the content of magnesium iron minerals, that is, color rate, and can also be simply understood as the content of dark minerals, while super -based rocks are determined by silicon dioxide content. For example, a high -pyroe rock with a high color rate belongs to the ultra -magnesium iron rock, but because the silica content is higher than 45%, it is kicked out of the ranks of super -based rocks. Therefore, these are two sets of parallel classification systems, and friends must distinguish when classified.

Dark -colored mineral representatives: olives, trapems, pyroxyl, single diagonal pyroxyl, corner glitter

1

Dunite (dunite)

Pure olives are almost all rocks composed of olives, where the olive content accounted for almost 90%. In addition, there are a small amount of pyroxyl and chromium iron ore. Due to the existence of a large amount of olives, fresh pure olive rocks are olive green or yellow -green, which is very beautiful. However, such pure olives are generally relatively rare. Generally, pure olives have suffered from different degrees of snake pattern petrochemicals, from green olive green to dark green.

Green rock representative -pure olives

Pure olives were originally named after German geologist Ferdinand Von Hochtetter in 1859, and the name Dunite was derived from Dun Mountain in New Zealand, and some were translated as Dunshan or Dunshan. This mountain is located in the Nelson Tasman area of ​​New Zealand and is a small mountain. Now it has become a popular hiking route in the Nielson area. Many outdoor enthusiasts will go to this pure oliveite named mountain peak to a intense hiking or bicycle cycling.

Pure olives named Dunny Mountain

Deng Nishan riding route

However, this pure oliveite naming can only be ranked 21st in the scenic spot of Nelson Lake, New Zealand. In addition to Dun Mountain, there are still many Nelson Tasman regions in Nelson Tasman. Interesting natural landscape. Nelson Lakes National Park is one of the most famous attractions. The most famous in the Nelson Lake National Park is the lakes in the park. According to the legends of the Merbodians of the New Zealand, these lakes are dug out by his minister Rakaihamutu, and one has become Roto. Lake Rotoiti, the other is Lake Rotorua. In fact, although these lakes are not really dug out like legends, they also have extremely legendary origin. Lake Rotetti and Lake Rotua are called mysterious twins. They come from the recent glaciers, and the surrounding rivers still maintain glacier landforms. These two lakes rely on each other to attract waves of tourists with deep lakes and clear lakes. The dense mountain hair of the lake adds a sweet and warm atmosphere to this national park.

Nielsen Lake National Park

The beautiful scenery seen by Nielsen Lake National Park

Now the Nielsen area is simply a paradise for outdoor sports. After admiring the golden Alps and sapphire -like lakes in the national park, swim in Lake Ratoti, or go to Deng Nishan to a bicycle riding Okay, I spent the night in the cabin in the village next to the village, and it is very comfortable to think about it. 2

Harzburgite

Fanghui olives are a type of olive rock. It is mainly composed of olives and pyroxyl. The content of olives can vary from 40%to 90%. The pyroxyl is mainly a trapezi pyroxin. The color is still the light green of the olive rock logo. The common structure of Fanghui olive rock is granular, and the reaction edge structure, including structure, and so on. Although it is called Fanghui olives, there will also be a small amount of single -inclined pyroxyl, and there will be some metal oxides such as spinel and magnetite. Fanghui olives can often be seen in layer -like rock body. The thick late -stage crystals contain the early crystal granular olives. This is a typical baggage structure.

Fanghui oliveter

The English name of Fanghui olive rock Harzburgite is derived from Bad Harzburg in Hanover, Germany. It is a hot spring town located in the north of the Harz. The magnificent natural landscape of this area complement each other and the mysterious witch legends, which has achieved the classic tourist sacred place of Halz Mountain. At the same time, this is also one of the favorite tourism places for German politicians. It can be seen how attractive Halz Mountains are.

Battharzburg

Halz Mountains

To say that the most mysterious place in Halz Mountain is the highest peak here -Sennder Brocken. Its altitude is 1142 meters. The legendary towering mountain peak lives on the famous "Broken Witch". Of course, the legendary "Broken Witch" is not horrible or annoying. On the contrary, because it is often helpful in the legend, it is welcomed by local residents. Now, witch nights will be held in small towns and villages in Halz Mountains. Not only that, there is even a witch trail in Halz Mountains, hiking along the witch path, you will see the dense coniferous forest, steep cliffs and gurgling streams, and finally the peak of the witch party dance directly in the legendary path. ——Brocken Mountain.

Winter Broken Mountain

Creek in Harz National Park

At a fork of the witch path, you still have the opportunity to enter the Halz National Park in Germany. Halz National Park is one of the largest national forest parks in Germany, accounting for more than 10%of Halz Mountain. Halz Mountain is 110 kilometers in length and extended from Eisleben, southeast of Eisleben from the northwest of Germany, with an area of ​​2226 square kilometers. Harz (Harz) is full of lush mountain forest swamps, turbulent streams and clear lakes. In fact, Halz's mountain name "Hardt" or "Hart", which comes from the Middle Ages highland, is exactly the meaning of mountain forests, which shows the beautiful natural environment and rich natural resources of Halz Forest. Halz National Park has been protected since 1990. Its unique geological style and various precious wild animals have made the hiking, adventure, and stream of streams here.

3

Komatiite

The biggest difference between Komati Rock and the first two ultra -magnesium iron rocks is that Komati Rock is ultra -magnesium iron rock. Komati Rock was first discovered in the lower part of the Green Rock Belt in South Africa in 1969. Comati Rock often showed rock flow or shallow rock body output. The common minerals are composed of high -magnesium olives, pyroxyl, and a small amount of metal minerals and base glass. Although the minerals are flat, Koma Ti Rock has the most unique thorns. The thorns structure is a slender sawtooth crystal that is presented by olives or pyroxin. It is usually branched, radial, and interweaving. Essence

Komastari with the developed classic thorns structure

The thorns under the microscope

The name of Komatiite is derived from the Komati River, which flows through the Bubins Mountains, and this Bubinson Mado Mountains was listed as the World Natural Heritage in 2018. Barberton Makhonjwa Mountains is also known as the Bubinon green rock belt or Barbers Mountain. In addition to the oldest and most intact sequence rocks and sedimentary rocks on the planet, there are still a lot of Gold is mined here. In the mountains of Bubinson, you can step on one of the earliest land on the sea in the world, along the Geological Trail of the Bubern Margion, and take a look at the changes in the 3 billion years of vicissitudes of the sea. You can also see the earliest. The origin of life.

Komati River

Bubinson Ma Kongwa Mountain (Tuyuan UNESCO)

Bubinton green rock belt long map (can be viewed horizontal screen)

Neutral rock

This refers to the neutral rock classified by magnesium iron -based minerals. The content of magnesium iron minerals of neutral rocks is between 15 and 50%, between magnesium iron rocks and long -English rocks. There are flashes of long rocks, two long rocks, and positive rocks in neutralized rocks. This time we have to see An Shanyan.

Andesite (Andesite)

Anshan Rock belongs to a neutral rock, like Koma Ti Rock, it is also a kind of rock. An Shanyan is usually spots, and large mineral crystals are called spots. In Anshan Rock, the common species of spots are stretch stones and some dark minerals, such as pyroxyl, horn flashes, and black cloud mother. Essence An Shanyan can be called a lucky symbol, because it is often a surrounding rock of many endogenous metal minerals. Many pimalents copper, gold ore, and iron ore are produced in Anshan Quality volcanic rocks. In addition, Anshan Rock It is still a good oil and gas collection set. Sometimes it is found that it often implies a lot of useful minerals around. Anshan Rock

An Shanyan under the mirror

However, this kind of rock is not as deep as the previous ultra -magnesium iron rock English name. The name Anshan Rock can remind everyone of the famous mountain, The Andes. That's right, An Shanyan was named after the Andes in South America. The Andes is the longest mountain in the world, about 8900km from north to south. Of course, such a towering Andes naturally comes from a huge mountain system, the American Cordillera. In North America, the Codella Mountain System is mainly the Rocky Mountains, and the part of the South America is the Andes. These two mountains can be said to support the magnificent terrain of the two America, so the Andes Mountains also also Known as "the backbone of South America".

The Andes Mountains between San Diego and Monada, Argentina

Akong Gaoga Mountain in the Andes Mountains

The Andes Mountains are different from the national park mentioned earlier. Due to its vast coverage area and high and low mountains, from the southern end of South America to the northernmost Caribbean coast across many countries. Of course The soil, environment, and creatures here have made complex changes. From the dense broad -leaved forest to the high mountain ice cover, from the lake to the desert meadow, from the flamingo to the white -tailed deer. It can be said that you can see all kinds of beautiful scenery from south to north along the Andes. Like the Kahaas National Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional El Cajas), Peru's Vascaran National Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional Huascarán), Argentine Glacier National Park (Spanish: Parque Nacial Los Glaciares), all kinds of beautiful scenery , Endless.

The middle of the Andes Mountains

Tropical trees in the Andes Mountains

The cute creature of the Andes Mountains grows

The journey of Huocheng Rock today is complete, but in addition to these superstructures and neutral rocks introduced above, many of the names of Huocheng rocks are from the world's beautiful scenery. If your friends are interested, you can explore more interesting rocks by yourself. Of course, many rock names of the three major rock species have different origins, and they must have a different taste during the exploration.

In fact, not only the landscapes listed above, but also all kinds of rocks, various rocks and geological phenomena are all showing the beauty and mystery of the earth at all times. I still remember that when the geology was initially attracted, there was no shortage of beautiful fantasies like "learning geology throughout the world". But as if that, "the book has Yan Ruyu, the book has its own golden house", and there are thousands of rivers and mountains in the geological book. Sometimes, I'm tired and confused. It is better to open the book to hug the world and find the original passion.

Picture source: Wikipedia, https://www.mindat.org/, Barberton Makhonjwa Mountains -Unesco World Heritage Center, https://www.mindat.org/.

References: [1] Xu Xisheng Qiu Jiansheng.

[2] In front of Sanglongkang Ma Chang. The second edition of Rock Scholars [M]. Geological Press, 2012.

Beautiful editor: Xu Hongxi

School pair: Jiang Xuezheng Liu Qi County

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