Liu Yuan/Hu Jian: Chongqing Dazu stone carvings are the same as the same theme of spending money in the same period

Chongqing Dazu stone carvings are verified by the same subject matter as the same time in the same period

Liu Yuan, Hu Jian

In the autumn of 2016, several spending money with each other visited the stone carvings of Chongqing, and was deeply convinced by the artistic charm of the Song people's exquisite carving skills. Even if we use advanced carving technology today, we can't reach the art standards of the ancients, because the ancient craftsmen were carved with religious piety and awe. They are carved attentive, and they are well -deserved masters of sculpture. The mentality of lack of faith and quick success in modern people is destined to achieve the artistic accomplishment of the ancients.

In the process of discussing the research, we found several statues with the content of the common subject matter with the same time in the same period. The content of stone carvings and spending money can be confirmed. The proportion of the money and monsters in the Song and Jin Dynasties is very mysterious for our modern people. result. If we return to the Song and Jin period, we will find that the content of money spending money was the popular theme at that time, and it was not mysterious.

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1. Shengsheng of Sizhou

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The Dasheng Da Shengzi, No. 177, Shizhou, Beishan, was carved in the first year of Jingkang in the Northern Song Dynasty.

The Dasheng head of Sizhou was wearing a hats, and behind it was the disciple of the Dasheng disciple Mu Cha and Hui Yan. Figure 2 The inscription of spending money is "Sizhou Dasheng", the big sacred head is wearing a hats, holding a bowl with the left hand, and holding a Zen stick in the right hand.

The characteristics of spending money medium fins and meditation sticks are consistent with the Shengsheng dwelling of Sizhou. This cost of spending money should be founded in the late Northern Song Dynasty based on the shape and pattern style, and its age is similar to the Shengdi Daxi of the No. 177.

Figure 1 Dasheng Cave, No. 177, Beishan, Daza (Liu Yuan, Jing Jing)

Figure 2 Song Dynasty Sheng Shengzhuo Demon Back Twelve Zodiac spending money

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Figure 3 The Song Dynasty Xuanzang took the scriptures of the Saint Saint Saints and the witch to spend money

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Figure 3 The content of Xuanzang is the story of Xuanzang, and the other side may be Sizhou Great Saint Sudden Witch Branch. For the relevant content of the relevant content, please refer to the 2009 "The Paper Collection of the 3rd China Folk Coin Seminar" " "One article. The Shengsheng here is a head hats, and the left hand holds a net bottle. The main characteristics are also in line with the No. 177 Sizhou Dasheng.

The Great Saint of Sizhou is Sangha. It is said that the incarnation of Guanyin Bodhisattva is extremely prosperous during the Northern Song Dynasty. According to the Northern Song Dynasty Shi Zhaoning (919-1001), "Song Gao Monk Chuan · Tang Sizhou Puguang King Temple Sangha Biography" records: Sangha was originally a native of the Western Regions.

In the early years of Tang Longshuo (661), it was passed on to China and belonged to Longxing Temple of Chuzhou. At that time, he and his disciple Hui Yan went to Xinyi Fang in Sizhou to prepare to build a temple. Sangha was lying in Heba's house, and his body suddenly grew more than three feet in the bed. When people saw it, they were surprised. Later, it became the image of the Eleven Guanyin Bodhisattva. All the people of the He family respected Master Sangha, gave birth to house land in the house, and donated to Master Sangha to build a temple.

In the second year of Jinglong (708) Tang Zhongzong Li Yan, sent envoys to welcome Sangha into the inner dojo. In the four years of Jinglong (710), Sangha was sitting at the age of 83 at the age of 83. Master Ga's body was escorted to the construction of towers in Linhuai County to support it, which is the current Sangha Master Tower. Later, Tang Zhongzong asked Master Wan Hui: "Who is Master Sangha?" Master Wan Hui replied: "Master Sangha is the incarnation of Guanyin Bodhisattva." Sangha had three disciples: Hui'an, Huiyi and Mu fork.

Sangha also lived in Sizhou for a long time, and was also respected as "Sheng Sheng Sheng". Due to the high prestige, Sangha had begun to form a phenomenon of Shengsheng worship. In the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, the folk worship formed by the Guanyin of Sizhou was very popular. The temples, temples, towers, courtyards, tales, and halls of the Dasheng of Sizhou spread throughout the river in the south of the river.

In 2003, a stone letter was found in the Palace of Huazang Tata Base, Wukong Temple, Qingyang Town, Jiangyin City. The construction of the Shengsheng Pagoda of the Sizhou was built with Shancong to obtain the crowds of Sari Lite and the silver bottle storage and stored it under the forever charging support. From the analysis of Shihan inscriptions, the tower was built in Jingde of the Northern Song Dynasty for three years (1006).

Since the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the myths of Sangha have become more and more popular. The most widely circulated in the folk is the story of Sangha descending without prayer (as a witch branch Qi, Wuzhiqi, etc.) or jellyfish, which can be seen from the following information:

Data 1. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhu Xi said in "Chu Ci Dialectics · Tianwen": "The secular Sangha has no prayer, Xu Xun cuts the essence and the like, and the good deeds are faked. "". In the "History of Luke" in the Southern Song Dynasty, the Sangha precipitation is also nonsense. These two information can show that the legend of "Sangha has no prayer" in the Song Dynasty is very popular.

Data 2. The Yuan Dynasty miscellaneous dramas include Gao Wenxiu's "Mucha Pedestrian Monster, Sizhou Dasheng Sador", Xuzi Shou's "Sizhou Dasheng Drown Sauce". Essence

Data 3. Zhu Yuefan in the Ming Dynasty said in his article in his "The Great Sacred Sauce of the Great Holy Holy Holy Holy Holy Holy Holy Holy Holy Sacred Sades" that he had read the Yuanren novel "Dasheng Saucer" in Nanjing in the fifteenth year of Jiajing (1536), " The Great Saint -Saucer Map "is written by Li Longyan in the Southern Song Dynasty.

Data 4. Lin Qing, who served as Governor of Jiangnan River During the Qing Dynasty, said in the article "Rebuilding the Holy Sanga of the Huaidu Temple": "According to the" Gu Yue Dudu Sutra ": Yu Zhishui to Tongbai, obtained Huai Vortex, obtained Huai Vortex, and obtained Huai Vortex. The water god witch supports the Qi, and the foot of the turtle mountain. Later, there was a great sanctuary descendant of the jellyfish saying that it was built out of the Tang Dynasty. , Jian Ling Ruita, Huai Si Nai'an. "Second, King Damin King

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Figure 4 The Top Ten Ming Wang Shiwa Carvings of Bao Dingshan

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Figure 5 Great Wedming Wang Shi Carved

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There are ten Ming Dynasty king stone carvings in Da Zu Baoding Mountain in Chongqing. Experts have verified that they are carved in the late Southern Song Dynasty. The Top Ten Ming King is a kind of incarnation of Buddhist Tantric Buddha and Bodhisattva. It is the anger and mighty appearance that appears to teach all beings. The top ten Ming kings of Baoding Mountain are unsuccessful works. The author believes that its prototype should be three -headed and six -arm image. Due to the reasons of unadvantaged, some of the Ming King showed the image of three heads and four arms. Experts have verified the Top Ten Ming Wang Shi carvings:

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1. King Ma Shouming: Three sides and four arms, holding the ring and grapes on the top of the second hand. The king of the Ming Dynasty was now the first horse, and the left forever flew out of the Guanyin Bodhisattva. Remember: the Third Malaysia Shou Ming Wang Guanyin Bodhisattva.

2. The King of the Third Delivery: Three sides and six arms, holding the mountains with a second -hand, the second -hand second -hand as the bust, and the second hand holding the sword and object. The king of the Ming Dynasty rushed up, and sent out the image of a glimmer of cash cash with the forehead. Remember: the fifth descending of the King of King Kong's King Kong Bodhisattva.

3. Big Angry King: Three sides and four arms, fist on the top of the second -hand, support the abdomen on the right hand, stuffed it in the mouth on the chest, and bite his mouth. The King of the Ming Dynasty rushed up, and the forehead emitted the image of the barrier. The remnants of the remnant should be: the big anger and the king of the king eliminate the barrier of the barrier.

4. King Daming: Three sides and four arms, hold the golden wheel on the right hand, lift the left hand to printed, and the lower second -hand chest is applied to ten seals. The King of the Ming Dynasty rushed up, and it was like the Golden Wheel Chi Shengguang Buddha in the light. Remember: the ninth largest Wedming king, the golden wheels of the golden wheels of the Golden wheels, like the Buddha.

5. The fire head of the fire head: on three sides and four arms, holding the golden wheel on the left hand, the upper hand with the right hand is disabled, and the second -hand second -hand should be used as a wisdom fist. The King of the Ming Dynasty rushed up, sitting in the light of himself like Lusana Buddha. Remember: the tenth big fire head, Mingwang Lushe, Buddhism.

6. King of Dirty Trail: Three sides and six arms, raised the golden wheel on the left hand, and the right hand holding the whip (disabled). The eyes of the King's eyes were angry, and the inscription was: the Dirty Trail King Kong's master Shakyamuni Buddha.

7. Laughing King King Kong: two sides and four arms, holding the ring on the left hand, holding a bodhisattva on the right hand, holding the bowl with the lower left hand, and holding Mani beads down right. No remembrance, it should be: Laughing King King Kong (Void Tibetan Bodhisattva).

8. Innocent King King Kong Ming: Three sides and six arms, holding a ring on the left hand, holding the snake on the right hand, the middle left hand holding Ruyizhu, the middle and right hand holding things are unsatisfactory, and the lower hands are the chest. No remembrance, it should be: Nobita King King Kong (Tibetan Bodhisattva).

9. King of Diamond King Kong: Three heads and six arms, holding snakes and fans on the top of the second hand, the middle and second hand holding the golden wheel or handprint with a snake wrapped, and the second -hand second -hand chest. No remembrance, it should be: King King Kong King (Ci's Bodhisattva).

10. Golden King of Migraphy: Both sides and four arms, the second -hand second -hand seal or the diamond pestle, the arms are wrapped around the arms, and the second -hand second -hand chest is the chest. No remembrance, it should be: King Golden Kingdom (Puxian Bodhisattva).

In the Tang Dynasty, the translation of "Da Miao King Kong Ganlu Army Law Flame Blazing Buddha Sutra" contained eight Ming King: the eight big bodhisattva each showed the eight King Kong Ming King each. In the rotation. The Vajra Bodhisattva, now the King of Vajra Diamond, placed the blue light of the blue light, and now throws five Vajrayana pestles with his right hand. … Then the bodhisattva of the auspicious bodhisattva, now works with six arms, six heads, six -footed King Kong King, placed blue and black light. Bite the lower lip with two eyes and eyebrows. … Then the void Tibetan Bodhisattva, now laughed at King King Kong, put as gray and black light, and laughed out of the two teeth. … In the time of Ci Shi Zun Bodhisattva, he is currently the King of King Kong, and he is in yellow to magnify the fire. … From the time of the Bodhisattva, he is now the king of Maotou King Kong on the top. The blue color is red and bright. With his right hand higher than the top, he can fight with Yilian Hua, and he holds the army with his left hand. … Then the Tibetan Bodhisattva, now uses incompetence to win King King Kong, and releases yellow flames all over the body. … In addition to all the obstacles of the Bodhisattva, now he will not move the King of King Kong. … Then Puxian Bodhisattva, currently throwing the King of Kingdom of Golden Diamond, covering a cover with his right hand, and holding the diamond pestle with his left hand, making the void to put on the flames.

Although the above information shows that the Ming king's statement was similar in the Tang and Song dynasties, it was different, indicating that Buddhist culture gradually evolved over time.

Figure 6 The Song Dynasty Damin King descended the demon back to the twelve zodiac signs to spend money

Figure 6 The money -shaped shape is thin but the casting process is exquisite, which is in line with the characteristics of the casting process in the Song Dynasty. On one side is the three -headed and six -armed monster, and the other side is the zodiac signs. Spending King Zhongming as the image of three heads and six arms, holding the golden wheel on the right hand, holding the print on the left hand, and a certain Buddhist handprint on the middle of the second -hand chest (unclear and unsatisfactory). Basically consistent.

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The only difference is that King Zhongming held an umbrella under the second hand, and King Daming, the Dama of the Great Football Carvings, did not see the second -hand second -hand. It should be the reason that the three -headed and six arms were standard. Although there is no inscription on spending money, because its shape is basically consistent with the image of the Great Wedming King in the Great Foot Stone Carvings, and the two are similar, it can be determined that the Lord in Figure 6 is King of the Great Wate Ming. Three or sixteen Luohan

Figure 7 Golden Dai Sixteen Luo Han spend money

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Figure 7 The thick and thick shape of the money is in line with the style of the alloy. There are eight Luohan on each side, and a total of sixteen Luohan. This is different from the eighteen Luohan we often see in the temple. Before the Song Dynasty, sixteen Luohan was popular.

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Bei Liangdao's translation of "Mahayana Theory" is the saying sixteen Luohan, but it does not show the name of 16 Luohan.

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Tang Xuanzang's translation of "The Story of the Great Arahant Ti Midoro" contains: When the Buddha Bo Gaifan Nirvana, the 16th Arahant with the Supreme Law and the dependents, etc., made it the same. The guests are lazy. The second person named Canada Pulga. The third prince's name was Ca Nuojiali. The fourth name is Su Bang Tuo. The fifth name Nuo Luo. The sixth lord is famous. The seventh lord named Gaola. The eighth dignitaries are named Paulfordo. Ninth His Holiness is named Boga. The tenth name is half Toga. The eleventh name is。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。. The twelfth His Holiness Name Naga Rhino. The thirteenth respected name Injo Tuo. The fourteen lord is named Paunasus. The fifteenth named Ah Duo. The 16th Lord's name is Musica. Such as the 16th National Arahant. Everything has countless merits such as Sanming and Sixun Eight Relief. Lisan the Three Realms Holds the Sanzang Broadcom. Cheng Buddha's reason. Extend your life with supernatural power. Even the Fa -rectification should live with the Fa -rectification. And Zhenfutian with the owner.

Figure 8 The statue of the sixteen Luo Han (Hu Jianzhi)

The Great Football Beishan Stone was engraved with the sixteen Luohan statues. The number of people in Luohan is exactly consistent with Figure 7.

This article has been published by the author authorized Leyi Association

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The picture and text are provided by the author

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