Guiding opinions of high -temperature drought technical technical technical technical guidance

Since July, the rainfall of the Yangtze River Basin is 40 % less than the same period of the year. The temperature in eastern Sichuan, Chongqing, southeast of Shaanxi, northwest of Hubei and southern Hubei, central Hunan, and central Zhejiang have reached 40-43 ° C. High -temperature drought brings serious harm to some orchards, and the growth of the fruit is blocked. Some orchards have withered trees, and some even die. According to meteorological predictions, the Yangtze River Basin will still maintain high temperature and rain in the next week, and drought may continue to develop. Sichuan Basin, Jianghan, Jianghuai, Jiangnan and other places still have continuous high temperature weather. ℃. In order to guide various places to strengthen field management, reduce the hazards of high temperature and drought, and ensure the stability of fruit production, the research centers of the National Agricultural Technology Promotion Center and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Ministry put forward the following guidance.

1. Continue to do a good job of irrigation and not relax

The root system is relatively deeper, mainly distributed in soil layers below 10 cm. Daishui irrigation flows to low -lying places such as ridges or drainage ditches. The surface soil of cultivation banks on the ridge is limited, and the irrigation efficiency is low and the effect is poor. When irrigation, water should be used reasonably to avoid large water irrigation. Point irrigation, ditch irrigation, dropper, spray irrigation and other methods can be adopted according to infrastructure conditions. Before the acupoint irrigation, you can dig 2-4 pine pits in the four weeks of dripping water lines. The width and depth are about 30 cm. Each irrigation at the pine pit is conducive to improving the irrigation effect. There are orchards with water and fertilizer integration. Pay attention to the position of the dripping head to move near the crown drip line and fix it. The irrigation time should be avoided as much as possible, anti -cold water irrigation increases the physiological withering of the tree, and pay attention to the anti -heatstroke cooling of the operator. The orchards that have exhausted water sources should be opened as soon as possible.

2. Strengthen the management of soil and tree body

Looping soil, raw grass and surface coverage can significantly reduce the surface temperature and delay water evaporation. The orchards should retain the shallow roots outside the tree plate in the near future. On the basis of irrigation, the conditions of the orchards with conditional orchards are covered with straw, grain shells, weeds, and anti -grass cloths in the tree plate to increase the moisturizing and insulation effect. , Enhance the drought resistance of fruit trees. The low humidity environment is prone to burst of insect pests such as red spiders and yellow spiders. Pay attention to field inspections and timely prevent and control. Young orchards and high -economic orchards can be covered with shading nets. When covering, pay attention to the coverage of the coverage cannot be directly exposed to plants. Harvest mature fruits in time to reduce yield loss and tree water nutrition consumption. To prevent the drought and flooding from rotating, the orchards that are easy to accumulate water can be cleaned up and dredged in the drainage ditch in advance, and the depth of the main drainage ditch should reach more than 60 cm to prevent the roots of the accumulated water when the rainy season comes.

3. Do a good job of recovery after the disaster

After the fruit tree is weak, the root system is damaged, the root system nutrient absorption ability has decreased, and the rain is rained after continuous drought. , 0.5%of potassium nitrate and other leaf fertilizer, promote the recovery of trees and prevent secondary losses after the rain.

After the high temperature drought relieves, trim the branches in time. For fruit trees with a large amount of dead branches, the incision should be treated with preservatives in time. Plants without saving value, make timely seedlings in time when the weather is suitable, and do a good job of recovery in the orchard.

Improve the construction of the orchard infrastructure, and reasonably plan the irrigation and drainage functions such as storage ponds, raining cellars, and drainage ditches according to the situation. There is a piece of orchard equipped with water fertilizer integration, dropper and other facilities and equipment to improve the drought irrigation, waterlogging energy excretion of the orchard, ability.

Source: National Agricultural Technology Promotion Service Center, Agricultural and Rural Ministry fruit tree expert guidance group

Edit: Cheng Ming

- END -