Guidance of the Yangtze River Basin, drought and crop drought resistance

Since late June, the Yangtze River Basin has high temperature weather, with an average high temperature (daily maximum temperature ≥35 ° C) of 19 days, the longest since 1981. Especially in the east of the Sichuan Basin to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the number of high temperatures is generally 20-40 days, 5-15 days more than the same period of the year. During the period, the precipitation of most of the above -mentioned regions was less than the same period of the same year. The precipitation of precipitation has been less than 50 mm since July in the northeast of Jiangxi and the southeast of the Sichuan Basin, which is more than 50 % less than the same period of the same year. On the whole, drought disasters in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River showed frequent and retranslation trends as a whole. It is not conducive to the growth and development of rice gestational ears and grouting and grouting, late rice returned to blue split, cotton blooming bells, and economic forest fruit.

According to the monitoring of the national soil emotional system, on August 16, 2022, the 41%monitoring station of the Yangtze River Basin 0-20cm soil was less than 70%of the soil. 30 percentage points, compared with the early period of the same period last month and the early stages of drought warning (June 18), decreased by 12.5 and 25.8 percentage points, respectively. Among them, central southern Jiangsu, southern Anhui, central Jiangxi, southern Hubei, eastern Sichuan, and other monitoring stations of 0-20cm soil are relatively water content of less than 50%of the water content, which is seriously insufficient.

According to the scheduling of agricultural conditions in various provinces, as of 15:00 on August 16th, Sichuan, Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui and other Yangtze River Brunes 6 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Basin were affected by 17.64 million mu. According to the forecast of the meteorological department, it is expected that in the next 10 days, there will still be continuous high temperature weather in Sichuan Basin, Jianghuai, Jianghan, Jiangnan, and south of Shaanxi. The local area exceeds 40 ° C, and the drought in the Yangtze River Basin will continue to develop.

At present, most of the southern autumn harvest crops are in a critical period of output. In various places, prevent high temperature and drought and Baoqiu Grain are used as the current primary task. Combined with crop growth and soil affection, we must take strong measures to actively respond to high temperature and drought weather.

The first is irrigation and supplementing temperature to reduce high temperature heat damage. Water sources, actively retrieve the available water sources, make every effort to ensure that the production of crop production needs water, vigorously promote water -saving irrigation technology, improve the small climate in the field, and reduce the impact of heat damage on the production of crops. The key implementation of the rice at the water -tone temperature reduces the hear temperature. In the case of high temperature weather that lasted more than 35 ° C, the rice fields that are in the pumping and tingling period should be kept 8-10cm water layer. Corn focuses on irrigation supplement, and the conditioned fields can spray water and spray water to reduce the temperature of the ear layer.

The second is to adopt agronomic measures to enhance the capacity of crop resistance. Plasma fertilizer and anti -steaming agent can be used for rice such as rice to enhance the drought resistance and resistance of plants. In some areas, corn is in the critical period of pumping filaments, which may cause pollen loss due to high temperature heat damage. Auxiliary pollination should be deployed as appropriate to improve the strong pollination rate. At the same time, strengthen monitoring prevention and control, and prevent the outbreak of diseases and insect pests.

The third is to apply fertilizer in time to supplement crop nutrients as soon as possible. Tolue and nutrition can be used while irrigation. Among them, rice should be applied in time according to the seedlings of the seedlings, reducing the adverse effects of high temperature on the pumping and strong grouting of pregnancy; corn should be applied in time, especially the corn plot that has not yet been pumped.

The fourth is to make up for the severe disaster plot. The severe disaster and unable to restore the growth of the land. When the high temperature and drought relief and the soil are suitable, it is time to replenish or change economic crops in a timely manner, such as short -season vegetables, fresh corn, etc., reducing drought and heat damage caused by drought heat damage caused Loss.

Source: Water Conservation Agricultural Technology Office of the National Agricultural Technology Promotion Service Center

Edit: Cheng Ming

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