This is the core of Huaxia Bronze Civilization, which has achieved Chu's dominance

Chen Shuxiang (first from left) communicated with the visiting delegation in Huangshi National Mining Park. Xiongsong Photo

Changjiang Daily-Yangtze River reporter Gao Ximing

More than 4000 years ago, it had the most important strategic resources and the most advanced production technology here, and achieved Chu's dominance, and became the core of Huaxia bronze civilization.

More than 100 years ago, this was one of the earliest "reform and opening up" places in China. After the founding of New China, this is the "industrial granary", which has made important contributions to the industrial development of the motherland.

From August 15th to 16th, the visiting group of Wuhan Metropolitan Circle of the Wuhan Metropolitan Circle of the Wuhan Metropolitan Circle of the Wuhan Metropolitan Circle of the Wuhan Metropolitan Circle was found in the yellow stone along the Yangtze River.

Copper Green Mountain achieves Chu Kingdom, becoming the core of Huaxia Bronze Civilization

Visit the group to visit the Copper Mountain Copper Mine Site. Xiongsong Photo

The Museum of Copper Copper Mine Sites is located on the site No. 1 No. 1. There is a set of analogy of ancient mineral channels in the exhibition hall, which echoed the rising layer by layer and integrated into the ancient copper mines.

Entering the site of the ancient ore ore at No. 7 ore, in front of it was the ruins of the ore lanes that were slightly deformed by the squeezing of the geological weathering of thousands of years and the squeezing of modern mechanical ores, telling the story of underground mining stories more than 2,700 years ago.

The mining of Tonglu Mountain has gone through the summer, Shang, Zhou, Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods, Han, Tang, and Hyundai, with a duration of more than 4,000 years. In the autumn of 1973, when the miners mined ore at the bronze -green and copper ore exposed mines, they accidentally found some waste furnaces in a mining lane. Immediately afterwards, the miners even dug 13 copper axes of different sizes, as well as copper, mallets, wood shovels, pottery pots and other utensils.

Chen Shuxiang, a special invitation expert from the delegation, a researcher at the Hubei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology, and a professor at the Yangtze River Midstream Mining and Economic and Social Development Research Center of Hubei University of Technology, introduced that the mine commander sent a copper ax to the China History Museum (now the National Museum). Soon, a group of archeologists gathered in Huangshi. Archaeologists have discovered mining relics including hundreds of vertical shafts, oblique wells, blind wells from Shang and Zhou dynasties to Han Dynasty, and more than 100 flat (oblique) lanes and other mining relics. Copper salamander.

Here are 7 ancient open -air pits. From 1974 to 1985, 302 were excavated (blind), 128 flat (oblique) lanes, the total length of the well lane was about 8000 meters, and the use of support wood was more than 3,000 cubic meters of cubic meters. The amount of minerals and earth and rocks reached 1 million cubic meters; the copper ore stones left in the ancient collection field reached 30,000 to 40,000 tons, and the accumulated waste soil slag was as high as 700,000 cubic meters. There were more than 50 smelting sites, 400,000 to 500,000 tons of ancient furnace residue, and revealed 12 copper -refined furnaces from the late Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Thousands of production tools and living tools unearthed.

"Archaeological found that the ancient mining technology has matured." Chen Shuxiang introduced that through the wood support, the stability problem of the mine was solved; through the surface of the surface, the ore realized the natural cycle of air and solved the problem of underground ventilation; By burning and low smoke bamboo slices and oil lamps, the lighting problem under the well is solved; connected to the Pingxiang through vertical wells to solve the problem of ore transportation; through the sink and water storage well, the drainage problem is solved. Here, the ancients realized the reasonable production chain layout of the mountain mining, the mountainside washing, and the smelting of the mountain. "What is even more incredible is that after analysis, the amount of scum that is abandoned is only 0.7%, which is close to the residue level of smelting technology now."

Rites of the Line Lane of Copper Green Mountain Copper Mine Site. Xiongsong Photo

"Copper used to make weapons, rituals and instruments in ancient times, and it was also the material for making production tools. It was an important strategic resource. There is no Chu culture. "Chen Shuxiang said that copper smelting technology was the most advanced technology at that time. Workers who mastered the technology belonged to the senior talents at the time and the object of competing for all countries. Including mining managers, miners and smelting workers, for the dynasty or country's dominance, they have contributed to Tonglu Mountain throughout their lives. "

Chen Shuxiang introduced that through the mining and utilization of minerals, Tonglu Mountain has become the intersection of the Yangtze River culture. Among the large number of bronze wares unearthed in Panlong City, 9 pieces were selected as samples for detection, of which 1 copper and 1 copper cymbal data fell into the copper green mountain lead isotope distribution area. It comes from Tonglu Mountain. The Baoji Western Zhou Fish Country Cemetery, thousands of miles away, the source of the copper materials of many copper wares also points to Copper Green Mountain. Zeng Houyi tomb bell, the casting of copper is also from Tonglu Mountain. Many bronze wares unearthed from the Cemetery of Shiyan County and Liu'an Chu, Anhui, and the copper materials are also from copper green mountains.

"Copper Green Mountain Copper Mine Ruins fully proved that as early as 2700 years ago, my country created a complete and superb mining copper refining technology. It filled the historical gap in the history of copper ore in my country's mining and smelting. How the origin of raw materials and copper mines and the mysteries of the ancient metal of copper metal. "Ke Qiufen, the chief of the Tibetan Division of the Copper Protection and Management Committee of Copper Green Mountain, introduced that in 2021, the Copper Green Mountain Bronze Mine Site was selected as the" 100 -year hundred years hundred years hundred years hundreds of years. Great Archeological Discovery ".

"The ancients could have such advanced technology, it was too great!" After understanding the history of the Copper Copper Mine Ruins of the Copper Green Mountain, the visiting group member Zhou Lihua was deeply convinced by the wisdom of the ancients.

China's first large open -air iron mine with machine mining

Has the largest pit in Asia with a gap of 444 meters. Xiongsong Photo

"Wow! It's so shocking!" When I came to Huangshi National Mining Park, I saw the industrial terraces left by layers of mining and one layer of mining. Zhou Chuyao, a junior of the School of Grammar, was shocked.

"This is the largest pit in Asia, with a length of 2400 meters in east to west, 900 meters wide from north to south, and an area of ​​1.08 million square meters. A high steep slope. Experts said that the open -air field of such a scale is a miracle in the history of the world's mining industry! "Yan Hongyong, director of the Huangshi National Mining Park Management Office, introduced to the visiting group.

Yan Hongyong introduced that in 226 AD, Sun Quan smelted it in Tieshan mining to create swords, agricultural tools, and strong soldiers in the rich. The golden name Yue Fei split the mountain to open the mountain, smelting weapons, and cast it into a "sword of Dae Ish". In 1890, Governor Zhang Zhidong, Governor of Huguang, chose here as the raw material base of the Hanyang Iron Factory, and became the first large open -air iron mine in China to use machines. In the early days of the founding of New China, Mao Zedong came to Huangshi, Hubei twice within five years, and went to the Dae MCC Mine for the second time to inspect. The Dae Iron Mine was also the only iron mine that Mao Zedong inspected.

"At that time, the road to Tieshan was not easy to walk. Chairman Mao said that he was riding a donkey and came to see. Why did his old man miss the iron iron mine ore? Because this is our new China’ s industrial granary. "Yan Hongyong said.

According to Yan Hongyong, the CCP's peeling of 363.599 million tons of rocks was peeled. If these rocks were paved into standard road bases, they could be surrounded by more than a circle; It can laid more than 220 Beijing -Kowloon lines; 325,682 tons of mines produced. If all these copper are made into industrial commonly used cables, you can bring from the earth to the moon; Each 10 grams of necklaces can make more than 1.5 million women form a shining beautiful landscape.

The mining that lasted for many years has dug the Xiangbi Mountain, Lion Mountain, and Jianshan into Tiankeng. The excavated waste stones are piled up by the pit, making the ecological environment gradually deteriorate. Yan Hongyong said: "At that time, the wastestone accumulated, and heat dissipation in the evening during the day, and the temperature was four or five degrees higher than the surrounding area. When it rained, the slag was rushed to the nearby village, and the surrounding villagers complained."

In the 1960s, the Daeye Iron Mines were painful and determined to govern the environment. Five people who know plant planting techniques have spent more than 20 years and planted different sapling in the gaps of wastestone piles to screen the bean -based plants locally fixed -nitrogen -fixed -fixing capacity, barren resistance, and facilitated planting. In this way, the generation of people in generations filled the green and saw the sewing green, and planted more than 1.2 million locomotives to form a hard rock greening and reclamation ecological forest with more than 3.6 million square meters.

Since the opening of Huangshi National Mining Park in 2007, tourists at home and abroad have endlessly. Since 2012, the park has held the Huaihua Tourism Festival for 9 consecutive years, and tourists in all directions have come to watch the ecological miracle of "planting trees on the stone".

"There are two major characteristics of Dae Iron Mine. One is 'ancient use of today'. It has been used in the ancient Three Kingdoms in the ancient Three Kingdoms. Technology, machinery, and management experience. In addition, after the official office, the official supervision and business offices, and then the government and business operations, the management ideas of Daeye Iron Mine are constantly innovating. It has formed a metallurgical corridor and has become an important part of the Yangtze River culture. "Chen Shuxiang said that Daemel Iron Mine has made a significant contribution to the construction of the national economic construction, becoming a cultural sign, which is rooted in the hearts of the public.

Huangshi is the earliest place in China "reform and opening up"

The rails produced by Hanye Ping's own own. Xiongsong Photo

On the morning of the 16th, the visiting group came to the former site of the Hanye Ping Coal and Iron Factory ore in Dye Special Steel to visit. The old site was the sixth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

In 1890, in order to build the Luhan Railway, Governor Zhang Zhidong of Huguang founded the Hanyang Railway Factory. In 1908, Sheng Xuanhuai established Hanyan Ping Coal and Iron Factory Mine Co., Ltd. (referred to as Hanyan Ping Company) on the basis of the Hanyang Iron Factory, Dae Ye Iron Mine, and Pingxiang Coal Mine. It integrates exploration, smelting, and sales. In history, the first large -scale production, the largest -scale steel and coal joint enterprise for large -scale production of new machinery and equipment.

On the Square of Hanyan Ping, Zhang Zhidong and Sheng Xuanhuai set up bronze statues, and a huge bronze tripod. On the square, there are several rails. On the three rows of rails above, "German Blog" and "1891" and English signs are clearly visible. Qu Aifeng told everyone that all these rails come from Germany's Bolong Steel Factory. This is the imported rails used by Hanyan Ping Company in 1891 when the Tieshan to Limin Kiln Railway was built. The bottom railway includes the words "Hanyang Railway Factory Made in May of the Republic of China" and other. Qu Aifeng introduced that this is the rails produced by Hanye Ping's own own. It was produced in May 1913. A rail. "This is the earliest railroad tracks discovered in Hubei Province.

Visiting the group visited my country's earliest ironmaking furnace site. In October 1915, Hanyan Ping company ordered two fixed -type iron furnaces from the United States. The furnace height was 27.44 meters, with a volume of 800 cubic meters. The daily output was 450 tons. The two blast furnaces were completed in 1921. By 1938, the communist iron was 25,8486 tons. These two blast furnaces represent the advanced technology of the world at that time.

Today, the two blast furnaces have only a red brick base. "During the War of Resistance Against Japan, in order to avoid the fall of the steel mills to the Japanese, the National Government transported factory equipment to Chongqing to build a new factory. The equipment that could not be transported was thrown directly into the Yangtze River. Destroy. This is the earliest neighboring furnace site in my country. It is an important historical cultural relic of early industrialization in China. It has witnessed the historical process of China's steel industry from scratch. "Qu Aifeng explained.

"Understanding the historical evolution of Han Yiping, let me deeply feel the historical contributions of the pioneers of foreign movements such as Zhang Zhidong and Sheng Xuanhuai actively devoted to the industry to save the country. Without them, there will be no Han Yeping and Yickers, nor of the yellow stones. The industrialization and urbanization, "said Zhou Chuyao, a member of the visiting delegation.

Visit the former site of the Huaxin Cement Plant. Xiongsong Photo

After leaving the former site of the Hanye Ping Coal and Railway Factory, the visiting group and his party came to Huaxin 1907 Cultural Park. Here are the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units, the former site of Huaxin Cement Plant, which are the longest and most complete cement industry relics in China. Huaxin Cement Plant is one of the earliest cement plants in modern China. It was founded in the thirty -three years of Guangxu (1907) in Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty. Its "Huaxin Kiln" was widely used in the construction of large and medium -sized cement plants in southern China. Huaxin's management technology spreads from various places with the "Huaxin Kiln" and exported abroad, becoming the milestone of China's cement industry in the 20th century.

The interpreter introduces Huaxin Cement History. Xiongsong Photo

"Modern Wuhan University, Jianghanguan, the Great Hall of the People, the National Museum of China, and other iconic buildings are all produced by Huaxin. The cement is supplied by the Huaxin Cement Plant. "The introduction of the interpreter made the members of the visiting delegation admire the achievements of Huaxin Cement.

Old site of Huaxin Cement Plant. Xiongsong Photo

Chen Shuxiang said that if the Western Movement in the late Qing Dynasty was calculated, Huang Shi was the earliest place to "reform and open" in China and witnessed the development of modern industry in China. Dawan Iron Mine, Hanye Ping Company, and Huaxin Cement have continuously learned and innovated through the introduction of foreign equipment, talents, technology and management ideas to create advanced technology. It fully reflects the spiritual connotation of the Yangtze River culture tolerance, openness, and innovation.

Relying on the mining and metallurgical civilization that has been inherited for thousands of years, today's Huangshi is one of the three major PCB (printed circuit board) industry gathering areas in the country. The top 10 display brands in the world have 6 circuit boards produced by Huangshi. Every 3 worldwide every 3 in the world. There are 1 circuit board used in the martial arts mobile phone, and 15 newly offline cars are used for cricket boards for each 100 new vehicles.

[Trainee Editor: Lai Jun]

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