Hebei Xixian Drought Stone Stone Terrace System: Except the beauty of ecological beauty

▲ Xianxian Drought Stone Stone Stone Terrace Aerial Map

Put on the self -made cloth basket, bring scissors, kettles, dry food, ride on electrical tricycles or donkeys, Wang Jinzhuang people have been going up the mountain early ... Since August, the peppercorns on the Taihang Mountain have matured. The pepper pepper picking season. Under the blue sky and white clouds, the terraces stacked upwards, and the valley in the field was ears, and the red peppercorns on the side of the stone weir were hung on the tree.

Unlike the terraced fields in the south, the terraces in the north are the rainy agricultural system, and the drought weir terraces system in Hebei County is the most typical. Xixian Drought Stone Stone Terraces not only planted a well -known walnut and peppercorns, but also Xiaomi, corn, soybeans, black dates and other agricultural and forestry products. For centuries, relying on this system, farmers have not only maintained their livelihoods, but also left a magnificent terrace landscape to witness the harmony between man and nature. In 2014, the "Shexian Drought Stone Stone Terrace System" was identified as an important agricultural cultural heritage in China. In 2022, it was officially identified as an important agricultural cultural heritage of the world by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization.

Farming wisdom creates a "ladder" miracle

▲ Wang Jinzhuang in the county Wang Jinzhuang drought

As a composite ecosystem, the Xixian Drought Stone Terrace System, including the dense forests on the top of the mountain and low shy, the stone weir terraces that wind hover along the mountain, the traditional villages of the valley, and the river and river beach. The three townships of Jingdian Town, Gele Town and Guanzhi Township in the southeast of the county town cover 46 administrative villages with a total area of ​​204.35 square kilometers. Among them, Wangjinzhuang District, Jingdian Town is the largest and the core area of ​​Shiyan terraced fields.

He Xianlin, a senior agronomist at the County Agricultural and Rural Bureau, introduced that Shiyan terraces use plane to change the steep hillside, build local materials, and build weir with stones on the Taihang Mountain. In order to control the loss of soil fertilizer of the terraced field, people plant pepper trees on the edge of the stone weir. The roots of the pepper trees can not only significantly enhance the structural stability of the stone weir, but also can store soil and soil loss. Increased villagers' income.

"Looking at the peaks of the mountains, there is no ruler of the earth," is a vivid portrayal here. The land is not easy, and the people of Wang Jinzhuang cherish the soil like gold. The villager Wang Linding has cultivated for most of his life in the mountains. After finishing the farm work, he will leave the soil and the soil on the farm tools in the ground. The habit of this generation of generations has witnessed the wisdom and tenacity of farmers, and also created this "ladder" miracle, which has made the inheritance system inheritance for thousands of years. In the long -term labor practice, people also explored a unique set of drought farming technology, not only through the working methods of plowing, rake, turning, and hoeing to achieve rain and dry season. The complete rainfall water storage system, including reservoirs, Tangba, water cellars, water wells, pools, water cabinets, etc.

▲ Xuexue Map of the Drought Stone Terrace of the County

He Xianlin said that the drought terrace system has rich biological nature, contains unique traditional knowledge and technical systems, showing a magnificent ecological and cultural landscape. value.

"Seed Bank" to keep "root"

As an agricultural cultural heritage with a long history, the Xixian Drought Stone Stone Terraces also faces the threat and challenges of modern agriculture and urbanization. With the young adults in the mountains, there are fewer and fewer people planted at home. The small terraces are facing deserted, and many old crops have been on the verge of loss.

▲ The managers of the "Seed Bank" of the Xixian Terrace register for the seeds

In 2018, the Xixian Drought Terrace Protection and Utilization Association was established and established a volunteer team in Wang Jinzhuang. In 2019, with the support of relevant units such as the Chinese Agricultural University and the Institute of Geographical Sciences and Resources of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Xixian Agricultural and Rural Bureau instructed the Xixian Drought Terrace Protection and Utilization Association to conduct census, collection, sorting, and archiving of the traditional crop species of Wang Jinzhuang. Essence On this basis, the first peasant "seed bank" in Hebei Province was established.

Jin Chancan's "Golden Queen", milky white "white horse teeth", "Green Valley" with blue light and Huanggu, Honggu, Mao Gu ... In the "Seed Bank" display room in Wangjinzhuang, Xiaxian County, there are different varieties of seeds The glass bottle was neatly placed on the shelf.

"The terraces of the local people can come to the" Seed Bank "to borrow seeds, and return to the seeds after the harvest. For example, if you borrow a pound Liu Yurong, the volunteer of the association, is now responsible for the management of "seed banks". She said that the establishment of "Seed Bank" effectively protects the old seeds and varieties on the terraces and has been recognized by the villagers.

As of now, the "seed bank" has collected agricultural species of terrace system planting and management, covering 77 plants of 26 families and 57 genera, 171 crop traditional varieties, and many old breeds have been planting for more than 30 years. At the same time, in order to ensure the live protection of "old seeds", the seeds are regularly replaced with field planting. General crops are updated every two years, and special varieties are updated once a year.

In addition, more than 200 acres of terraces of Wang Jinzhuang Road, the site of the Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Xinxian County, as the "Old variety purifying the recovery test field", exploring the local protection and utilization of farmers who adapt to Wang Jinzhuang; And jointly provide sales channels with local e -commerce to mobilize farmers' enthusiasm for planting food.

Nongwen Travel Integration to help rural rejuvenation ▲ Wang Jinzhuang Terrace Shirchi Bian Erhong's red pepper Wang Hulin Photo

Wang Jinzhuang District, as the core production area of ​​peppercorns, built the pepper pepper trading market in Tanli Village in the area in 2006. Zhao Zhigang, Secretary of the Party Committee of Jingdian Town, introduced that the market has become the largest pepper pepper trading center in North China that integrates processing, warehousing, logistics transportation, and sales in North China. High -quality peppercorns traded.

In recent years, with the completion of the Taihang Mountain Expressway, the villages along the line have set up fast lanes for economic development. While the business of agricultural products such as peppercorns has become better and better, rural tourism has also become popular.

Zhao Zhigang said that relying on the drought weir terraces and the deep historical and cultural resources of the local area, the local area actively created the Taihang terraces Grand Canyon. By digging the stone culture, donkey culture, and catering culture, the Wang Jinzhuang Research Institute of the Drought Stone Terrace System was built. The museum has launched a new agricultural model that integrates forest fruits, medicinal materials, picking, and sightseeing. Through the development of the leisure tourism economy such as terraces ecological tourism and donkey experience tour, villagers' income is increased.

The ecological environment of Liujia Village in the area is superior and naturally beautiful. Every summer and autumn, the water flows in the region are overflowing in water. The local town government gives full play to the natural advantages of Liujiacun Yishan and the mountains and peppermints, and concentrate on creating the formats such as "Mountain Best Best Tour" and "Picks Picking Tour".

"There are more than 20 homestay courtyards with unique styles in the village, more than 3,000 meters of mountaineering walkway, and tourism infrastructure have also been improved." Guo Fangyan, director of the Liujia Village Tourism Management Committee, introduced that at present, travelers, yachts, picking yachts, picking, picking, picking up Pepper and residents have become a new normal. Liujiacun has become a well -known leisure resort and "Internet celebrity punching land".

The booming development of rural tourism has both beautiful environment and rich people. Today, dozens of miles of ravines are stringed from the beautiful villages such as Wang Jinzhuang, Liu Jia, Dawa, Houhe, etc., and have launched a flowing well -off scroll.

(Except for the signatures, the picture is provided by the Propaganda Department of the Xixian County Party Committee.)

"China Culture News" on August 22, 2022

The 3rd version published a special report

"Hebei Xixian Drought Stone Stone Terrace System: Except the Road to Well -off in the Beauty of Ecology"

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Editor -in -chief: Chen Xiaoyue

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