Tianfu Nature 丨 The King of Shushan (August 22, 2022)

Gongga Mountain is located in the Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. The main peak is 7556 meters above sea level. It is the first peak of the Hengduan Mountains and the first peak of Sichuan Province. Therefore, it is called the "King of Shushan".

"Gong" means "ice and snow" in Tibetan, "Ga" is "white", "Gongga", which is "white iceberg", which also means "the highest snowy mountain". The height difference here is rare -from the Dadu River Valley of the Gongga Mountain to the main peak at the top of the main peak of 29 kilometers, and the relative height difference is 6556 meters. This has also created the diversity and vertical changes of biological and climate distribution in the Gongga Mountain area, forming an ecological landscape with complete spectrals, clear layers, and rare in the world.

As a typical representative of the Hengduan Mountains in the world's 25 biological diversity hotspots, and an important ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the ecological status is extremely important. At the same time, the types of ecosystems of Gongka Mountain are very diverse: subtropical evergreen broad -leaved forests, leaf wide mixing forests, coniferous forests, alpine thymens, alpine meadows, alpine stream stone beach sparse vegetation belts, high mountain ice and snow belt ... can Said, this is the most sensitive "climate change indicator" in Hengduan Mountain.

This is also the internationally renowned mountaineering sacred place. Due to the long -term glaciers, the peak development is a cone -shaped large horn peak. On the north, the climate of the main peak area is humid and changeable. Therefore, climbing is extremely difficult, and it is even rated as "the difficulty is far greater than Mount Everest."

In Gongga Mountain, Ice and Snow accumulated into 74 modern glaciers today, with ice reserves of 24.6 cubic kilometers. Most of the icebergs here are low -altitude marine glaciers. Unlike ordinary cold belt glaciers. It is based on monsoon to bring water to extremely high mountains, plus peak ice and snow activities, which accumulate over time. Especially in the Hailugou, the glacier ablation area has penetrated below the forest line, forming a unique landscape of glacier and forest interaction. However, with factors such as global warming, the glaciers in Gongga Mountain areas have strongly retracted and reduced. Protecting glaciers is urgent.