Implement the active fertility support measures in all aspects, and solidly promote the sustainable development of the population

The implementation of active fertility support measures in all aspects is a key measure to respond to the aging of the population and promote the long -term balanced development of the population in the future. Following the "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council of the Communist Party of China on Optimizing the Breakfast Development" (hereinafter referred to as "Decision"), on August 16, 17 departments including the National Health and Health Commission and the National Development Commission jointly issued Further improve and implement the guidance of active fertility support measures "(hereinafter referred to as" Opinions "). The introduction of "Opinions" is not only the deepening of "Decision", but also the major decision -making of the relevant decision -making department based on the actual development of China's economic and social development. It is of great significance to help achieve sustainable population development.

Since China has entered a stage of high -quality development, the population situation has changed significantly. On the one hand, in recent years, China's birth population and fertility rate have declined. From 2015 to 2021, the number of births in China dropped from 16.55 million in 2015 to 10.62 million in 2021, while the fertility rate was reduced from 12 ‰ to 7.52 ‰. On the other hand, economic and social progress has promoted rising fertility costs, and factors such as medical care, education, housing, and employment have become the key to affecting family fertility. In this context, "Opinions" based on objective reality, respect the laws of economic and social and population development, propose supporting measures such as improving the level of eugenics and eugenics, developing the inclusive care service system, improving fertility leave and treatment vacation policies, and strengthening housing taxes and other support measures. Strengthen 20 specific measures in the seven aspects of high -quality educational resources supply, building a friendly employment environment, and strengthening publicity guidance and service management, and make targeted, systematic, comprehensive, comprehensive for further improvement and implementation of active fertility policies Policy deployment. It can be said that the introduction of the "Opinions" not only lifted the worries of the people's fertility, but also formed a strong support for the high -quality development of the economy and society. Specifically, the "Opinions" has the following three characteristics:

The first is to highlight the precise policy and effectively meet the needs of the people and social development. At present, the main contradictions in Chinese society have changed, and the people's longing for a better life is even stronger, but rising fertility costs leading many families to "unwilling to give birth", "can't afford" and "afford". In order to effectively solve the actual difficulties faced by the people, the Opinions aim at the current fertility contradictions, and propose to implement a couple's policy and supporting measures to have three children and wife, consider marriage, fertility, childbearing, and education, and in one consideration, and in the same way Employment, social security, housing, taxation, etc. are proposed to tilt to active fertility support measures. At the same time, in response to the actual difficulties facing the development of the current inclusive care service system, the Opinions clearly proposes that it will increase the supply of inclusive care services, reduce the operating costs of the childcare institution, and improve the quality of childcare services. Promote all sectors of society's confidence in the development of the inclusive care service industry.

The second is to highlight scientific policies and continue to optimize the supply of multiple services. Promoting eugenics and eugenics, and realizing scientific parenting is a means to improve and implement active fertility support measures. The "Opinions" proposes that from the fertility, nurturing, nurturing to education covering the whole life cycle care system of infants and young children, it is clearly proposed that in improving the full service of eugenics, the quality of children's health services, strengthening reproductive health services, and improving family infants and young children care Specific implementation measures in fields and other fields are extremely guiding. The "Opinions" also pointed out that the coordinated development of diversified subjects such as the government, market, society, and family clarifying the government's responsibilities in factor venue support, standardized construction, and industry guidance supervision, etc., and proposed to play market forces and public welfare charity social organizations. The positive role of social forces.

The third is to highlight the systemic policy and coordinate the promotion of various measures. Promoting the implementation of active fertility support measures involving a wide range of areas, many departments, and difficulty. We must adhere to the overall thinking of the system. Each subject and departments must coordinate and promote the solid and effective implementation of various measures. In this regard, the "Opinions" clarified the main responsibility of multi -party, proposed and refined targeted measures such as element guarantee, mechanism construction, and technical support, which not only has strong operability, but also has high collaborative linkages Essence It is worth noting that the "Opinions" targets key groups for key groups, and propose housing difficulties to promote solving new citizens and young people. Housing policies are tilting towards multi -children families and promoting the legitimate rights and interests of labor employment. The linkage effect.

In summary, "Opinions" is another important document for China to promote the balanced population development in the new period. It not only solves the problem of "whether there is" active fertility support measures, but also aiming at the needs of "good or bad". It has important value to solve the needs of the people and socio -economic development.

Hou Shengdong China Macroeconomic Research Institute assistant researcher and doctor

【Edit: Tian Boqun】

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