How to fight drought resistance and disaster reduction in the Yangtze River Basin in the Yangtze River Basin

The main flood period has not ended, and severe drought in the Yangtze River Basin-

How to fight drought resistance and disaster reduction this tough battle

rare! Affected by the continuous high temperature weather, the main flood season has not ended, and drought in the Yangtze River Basin has appeared. Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake entered the dry period in advance. As of 8:00 on August 17, the water level of Xingzi Station of Poyang Lake's iconic hydrology station was 10.29 meters, which was 6.37 meters low in the same period for many years. The area of ​​Tongjiang Water in the Lake District is 803 square kilometers, a decrease of 2097 square kilometers from the same period last year.

severe! The drought in the Yangtze River Basin has developed rapidly. As of August 17, Sichuan, Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, and Anhui 6 provinces (cities) had a drought in 6 provinces (cities).

What are the characteristics of drought in the Yangtze River Basin? What are the reasons for this drought? In the future, what is the drought trend of the Yangtze River Basin? How to fight drought resistance and disaster reduction?

The history of precipitation is the least at the same time

Drought may further develop

Talking about the characteristics of this drought, Liu Zhiyu, deputy director of the Information Center of the Ministry of Water Resources, told reporters that the first is that the history of precipitation is the least, and the number of high temperatures and less rain is more. Since July, precipitation of the Yangtze River Basin has been 45 % less than the same period of the same year, and has the least history since 1961. Most of the high temperature days in the basin exceeded 20 days, and the middle and lower reaches are more than 30 days, of which Hunan is in a continuous rainy day for more than 40 days. The second is that the rivers are significantly less water, and the water level continues to decline. Since July, the amount of water in the Yangtze River is 20 % to 80 % less than the same period of the same year. Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake have been lower than the waters on August 4th and 6th, the earliest since 1971 and 1951, respectively. At present, the water surface area of ​​the Yangtze River and Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake have been reduced by 3/4 from June.

Most of the regions of the Yangtze River Basin are located in the south, and the water resources are relatively abundant. The rainfall is mainly concentrated in the flood season, that is, April to September. Why are severe drought? According to Liu Zhiyu's analysis, under normal circumstances, the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in July to August is located on the west side of the Western Pacific subtropical high -pressure area, which is a multi -rain area; while the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are controlled by the subtropical high -pressure control, which is not conducive to rainfall, and it is easy to occur in summer drought. In the context of global warming, affected by the continuous La Nina incident, since July this year, the Western Pacific subtropical high -pressure area is large, strong in strength, north of the west, controlled by the high pressure of the subtropical high pressure. Little rain, the main rivers and lakes in the basin are significantly less water, and the rare drought situation in the same period has appeared for many years.

Will the drought in the Yangtze River Basin continue? Liu Zhiyu responded that before the end of August, the precipitation and water of the Yangtze River Basin will still be too small. Looking forward to September, precipitation from most of the middle and lower reaches may continue to be less. Anhui, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi and other places may Further development, the water storage situation in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River was severe.

Reservoir joint scheduling to the dry area to hydrate

Guarantee water supply and irrigation water

Faced with the severe drought situation, since August, the water conservancy department has dispatched a controlling reservoir group of the Yangtze River Basin 5.3 billion cubic meters to the middle and lower reaches.

"The current autumn grain crops such as rice in the Yangtze River Basin are in the critical period of irrigation water demand. In order to curb the rapid decline in the dry flow of dry flow in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, to ensure that the irrigation areas and urban water take water, the Ministry of Water conservancy decides to implement the special action of joint dispatching of drought and water supply supply in the Yangtze River Basin. ', From 12 o'clock on August 16, dispatch the upstream stall reservoir group with the Three Gorges Reservoir as the core, Dongting Lake Xiangye "Four Water" Reservoir Group, Poyang Lake Ganfun Rao Xiu "Wuhe" reservoir group Increase the outlet flow to replenish downstream, and plan to replenish 1.48 billion cubic meters. "Liu Weiping, deputy minister of the Ministry of Water Resources.

Moisture, first of all, there must be water. Wu Daoxi, deputy director of the Water Conservancy Commission of the Water Conservancy Military Conservancy Tribe, introduced that the Yangtze River Commission dispatched the Three Gorges Reservoir to properly raised the operating water level to about 150 meters in mid -to -late July, increasing the available water volume of nearly 2.3 billion cubic meters, effectively ensuring the drought resistance and grid welcome of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Peak summer power protection demand. After the special operation of the joint scheduling of drought and water supply supply in the Yangtze River Basin Reservoir, according to preliminary estimates, it is expected that from August 16th to 21st, the upstream reservoir group in the Yangtze River will replenish 830 million cubic meters of downstream. Through hydration scheduling, it can be raised by 0.4 to 0.1 meters without hydration without hydration in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

Beginning in late June, the Jiangxi Provincial Department of Water Conservancy instructed the reservoir to increase water storage. By mid -July, the total water storage capacity of the province's reservoir was more than 7%for many years. "According to the development trend of the drought, the Gorin Reservoir and the Liao Fang Reservoir entered the non -flood season for nearly two months on August 9, and the water storage capacity was 65 million cubic meters." Wang Chun, director of the Jiangxi Provincial Department of Water Resources Increasing water due to local conditions, since July, it has guided Nanchang, Jiujiang, Shangrao, Jingdezhen and other places to use the favorable conditions of high water levels in the outer lakes of the Waijiang Waijiang, to cited and raised water by 150 million cubic meters to ensure the irrigation area of ​​920,000 mu. In addition, the relevant reservoir has fine scheduling to ensure irrigation water demand.

Hunan issued a special action plan in May to make comprehensive arrangements for drought prevention and drought resistance. Before the flood, the tasks such as the reconstruction of irrigation areas, channel transformation, and rural water supply projects were completed, and the water supply capacity was 186 million cubic meters. "We optimize the scheduling, adhere to the early storage, joint adjustment, and replenishment in time. Before the end of the rainy season, various types of water conservancy projects storage of 38.66 billion cubic meters, more than 8%of the same period of the same period; after the drought, the joint dispatching various large and medium -sized reservoirs was 70 A total of 1.678 billion cubic meters of large and medium -sized irrigation districts in more than 40 large and medium -sized irrigation districts ensured that nearly 20 million people and more than 9 million acres of crops needed water demand. It is not easy to adjust water to the dry area, and these water must be used well. The Ministry of Water Resources instructed the locality to seize the advantage of the upstream water replenishment, and accurately connects each irrigation area, every urban and rural water supply and water outlets, multi -citing, more raising, multi -tone, carefully calculating each side of the water, providing water source protection for autumn grain harvest and urban and rural water supply supply. Essence

Through the implementation of these measures, the bottom line of rural drinking water was held. Chen Mingzhong, director of the Ministry of Water Resources and Hydropower of the Ministry of Water Resources, introduced that for 309,000 people who are currently in difficulty in drinking water, it is better to protect the water supply demand of 47,000 people through extended pipe networks and newly opened water sources. Drinking water is provided, and measures such as timely water supply have basically met the demand for drinking water for 63,000 people. After active response, more than 2,500 large and medium -sized irrigation districts in 6 provinces (cities) have irrigated more than 100 million acres of farmland, and the demand for irrigation water for schedules of crops has been basically guaranteed, the area of ​​crops is affiliated, and the area of ​​crops has laid a solid foundation for the harvest of autumn grain.

Based on anti -long drought precision policy

Strictly prevent dry drought and flooding

If the drought is really developing in the current forecast, how to ensure water supply safety in the dry area? Gu Binjie, an supervisor of the Ministry of Water Resources Drought Disaster Defense Division, said that the Ministry of Water Conservancy will be based on anti -drought and drought, and continue to use the word "pre -pre -" and "solid" as the general requirements. The goal of ensuring the water for large livestock drinking water and ensuring the irrigation water of autumn grain crops, precise policies, and preparing water supply and autumn grain production water pockets.

Specifically, optimize and standardize the order of water use — properly handle the relationship between upstream and downstream, left and right shores, and current and future periods of water, life and production water, to ensure the safety of water safety, large livestock drinking water, and autumn grain crops. Precise dispatch water conservancy project -based on the most unfavorable situation of continuous rainfall in the later period, formulate a watershed and regional water engineering dispatch plan, and implement it accurately; finely do the connection between the reservoir group dispatch and the use of water households, carefully calculate each water, everything can do everything possible Meet the demand for irrigation water for the crop drinking water and autumn grain crops. Accelerate the construction of drought -resistant emergency water sources — according to the actual situation of various places, implement projects connecting and library factories as soon as possible to improve the utilization rate of local water resources; regions with conditions to accelerate the implementation of raw water mutual help, clean water complementary projects, and cross -county districts The water transfer project; the hill area should intercept the potential and lead the stream, and fully tap the potential of the existing water source. Make good use of water -saving, water -regulating, water -limiting, water delivery, and water -pulling comprehensive supporting measures to improve drought resistance. Organize cadres and technicians of water conservancy systems in the dry area to go deep into the front line, including engineering, bags, and make every effort to do key tasks such as technical services and coordinated guidance, small and medium -sized rivers and flood disasters.

At present, my country is still in the flood season. While doing a good job of drought resistance, it must always tighten the string of flood prevention and prevent drought prevention and floods. "We will always maintain the mental state and working mechanism of the critical period of flood prevention, closely monitor the rain, water feelings, typhoons, strengthen forecasting, early warning, preview, and planning measures, strengthen the deployment of 24 -hour duty, and the company's research and judgment, rolling forecasting, science science, science The scheduling water engineering effectively defends the floods of the river, highlighting the key tasks such as the safety of small and medium reservoirs and the stain dam safety flood, small and medium -sized rivers and flood disaster defense, etc., and make every effort to ensure the safety of the people's lives and property. "Gu Binjie said.

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