The strange lizard is confusing behavior reward: bubbling on the head, encountering the enemy's defamination ...

In the climbing animals, compared to a crocodile that eats in Basuo, turtles carrying turtles or leather, and other goosebump snakes, the presence of the lizard is relatively weak, but do you know? The "strange" of the lizard family is also more! Today, ‘” Let's teach the confusing behavior of the strange lizard ...

01

Lizard

Smart "diver" -aquatic lizard

Water Anole is a type of lizard native to the West Coast of Costa Rica. The reason why it is called "smart divers" is because it masters the skill of "Scuba Diving".

In 2021, the Department of Ecology and Ecology of the University of Toronto, Canada, a master's degree in ecology and evolutionary biology, and Christopher Boccia, Ph.D. in the University of Canada, conducted in -depth research on Aquatic Lizhuo.

He put the six different aquatic lizards in the water tank filled with water, and found that these aquatic lizards would breathe a great breath first, and exhaled a swollen bubble on his nose. When the aquatic lizard needs to absorb oxygen, then absorb oxygen from this bubble, and the bubbles shrink to the nose accordingly due to the decrease in oxygen.

A close -up lens on the head of the aquatic lizard, which has a bubbles for breathing (Lindsey Swierk Photo) on its nose

The researchers also measured the oxygen saturation in the air bubbles with oxygen sensors. As a result, the longer the aquatic lizard was waiting under the water, the lower the oxygen content in the bubbles, which indicated that the aquatic lizard was indeed consumed in the bubble bubbles. Oxygen. Explore yourself in the bubbles in the oxygen, and then absorb the bubbles when using it. This is the "water and lung diving" skill. It is essentially a "re -breathing" behavior.

The effect of bubbles on the aquatic lizard is like the "water tank" carried by the diver. Relying on the "water and lung diving" skills, the aquatic lizard can stay underwater for more than ten minutes!

In addition, Dr. Christopher Boccia also believes that this bubble may be used as a "physical gill" to help collect more oxygen from the water, and the carbon dioxide accumulated in the bubbles can also be renewed through the surface of the bubbles through the surface of the bubble. In the water, the cycle of breathing is formed.

A linsey Swierk by a sneak in the water

Practicing is so skillful, and the aquatic lizard is also forced to be helpless. On the one hand, the aquatic lizard is stared at by many predators, and it is not good at running away, and it is easy to be caught up, so they dive underwater for a long time to avoid predators discovered.

On the other hand, several kinds of insects that aquatic lizards love to eat are mainly underwater, so they should often perform "underwater homework." The pressure of life has achieved the smartest "diver"!

The scene of the aquatic lizard when breathing underwater

02

Lizard

Cool "Spider -Man" -Mvanzha Ping Head Flying Dragon Dragon

Do you believe some lizards and Marvel hero Spider -Man "hit the shirt"? Living in Tanzania, Rwanda, Kenya and other places, the MWANZA Flat-Headed Rock Agama, and is also known as the "Spider-Man Lizard", because the male Mark Wanzo's head, the head of the dragon lizard, The neck and shoulders are bright red or purple, and the body is dark blue. It is no longer like the cool Spider -Man!

The picture on the left is a male Monzo Dragon Dragon (Photo by the Johnson Memphon Mehlführer) in Tannia's Caren Gatti National Park (Photo), and the picture on the right is the Spider-Man in the "Web of Spider-Man"#129.1 (October 2012). Draw by Mike McCo and Mori Hollowell.

Even the males of Spider -Man's male Monwan Ping Head Dragon Dragon (Harmon JP Photo)

The difference between the sex of the Dragon Dragon Dragon Dragon is very different. Compared with the coolness of the male, the female Muman Zhaping head flying lizard looks sad. Most of them are inconspicuous brown. Distinguish. However, the bland and bland benefits, the body color of the female Muman is not so attractive.

During the day, whether it is male or female, they often lie on rocks or hills in hot weather. But at night (or frightened), the male Muman Wanza head flying dragon lizard will turn the cool "Spider -Man" coat into brown. This may not be easy to find it for the purpose of protecting themselves. Essence

A female Mluman Pinglon Dragon Dragon Lizari in Sennia, Tanzania (D.Gordon E. Robertson)

In addition, the male Muman Zhaping's flying dragon lizard is similar to the Spider -Man. Spider -Man will walk around the wall, and if you encounter an emergency, the male Muman Wanza head flying dragon lizard will run with two hind legs, and you can climb up the vertical wall. The dexterous body of the Dragon Flying Dragon Flying Dragon's Flying Dragon is not avoided.

In Kenya, their natural habitats have gradually eroded by human invasion, but different from other animals are that Manta Ping's head flying lizard has begun to try to live with humans, such as treating local residents as their own home. Essence

Male Mangzha Ping Head Flying Dragon Lica lying on the steep rock (taken by Stig Nygaard) 03 03

Lizard

Self -abused "Raders" -the scale tiger

When it comes to running away, the lizard family can be described as "talent". Some of them trot for smoke, and some break their tails ... But do you know who is the ruthless and most abused "escape"?

In the 19th century, scientists discovered a type of "masochist" gecko in Madagascar and Kororlo. When they encounter danger, they can automatically molt the scales, expose the "body" to confuse the enemy, and then take the opportunity to escape. This is the scales. In 1867, Grandidier confirmed the first species of the scale tiger: the bead -scale palace ().

Since then, some scientists have discovered the scales (), Corolo scales (), and multi -scale tigers () that will have this "abuse and escape method".

The first species found in the scale tiger -Zhu Luan Palace (, 1867)

In 2017, scholars such as SCHERZ MD and other scholars found new species of scale tigers in the limestone mountains of the Karst terrain in the Ankarana National Park in northern Madagascar -large -scale tiger (). When you encounter danger, you have molt the scales and escape, and also have the largest scales in the scale tiger family.

The A and B pictures are the large scales tiger before the deflection; the picture is the large scale tiger behind the defamry. The special label is the transparent "tearing area" at the bottom of the scale of the scale tiger. (Scherz MD, Daza JD, KöHler J, Vences M, GLAW F, etc.)

Regarding the "molten scales" mechanism of the scale tiger, from 1985-1990, Schubert and other scholars conducted a study, thinking that the scale tiger was achieved by shrinking the "muscle fiber mother cells" at the base of the skin. Instead, it is separated from this special "muscle fibroblast". This separation area is also called "splitting zones".

At the same time as the sliced ​​scales, the blood vessels of the scale tiger will also shrink as much as possible to maximize the unnecessary blood loss.

After the scales fall off, the scale tiger will be in the state of being exposed for a while, but it does not matter. After a few weeks, their scales can be regenerated.

04

Lizard

The rough "dried rice people" -Kaimen crocodile lizard

There are too many guys in the climbing animal world. There are too many guys in the animal world. The crocodile's "death rotation," the "swallowing jujube" of the python, and the "one knife and two breaks" of the crocodile turtle. In the lizard family, there is also a rough "dried rice": Guyana Kamandon (), also known as the flash lizard.

The Caimen Crocodile is mainly distributed in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Guyana in South America. It loves to stay in the swamp, as well as some forest areas flooded. Most of the time, the Kaimen crocodile lizard was sun -hanging on the branches hanging from the water. In this way, on the one hand, it can be exposed to the sun, and on the other hand, there are danger to jump into the water immediately to avoid the enemy.

Figure left: A Kaimen crocodile lizard (taken by Jiel Beaumadier) lying on the trees in the Prague Zoo; right: The Kamvicker Dragons in the water (Photo by Timvicker)

In the waters and near the Kaimen crocodile lizard, it is all the things they love: snails, fish, amphibians, crabs, crayfish, clams ... Shell. The head of the Kaimen crocodile is big and thick (usually red or orange). The muscles of the jaw are super developed, and their teeth are round and blunt, which helps them crush and eat snails, crayfish and freshwater clams. Prey.

Kaimen crocodiles especially like to eat snails. When they eat snails, they bit the snail in their mouths, then raise their heads, let the snail slide into the back of the mouth, and then crush the snail shell, and then spit out the snail shell out. Sometimes do not even spit the shell, swallow the shell with meat.

This is nothing. The extremely fierce Kamen crocodile lizards even bite the edge of the turtle shell of the turtle side of the yellow head and eat turtle meat!

Figure left: The teeth of the Kaimen crocodile lizard are round and blunt (Source: WordPress); right: The Kamen crocodile lizard crushed the snail shell and swallowed the meat with the shell together (Source: Biolib)

The dried rice crocodile lizard is also very mighty. Its limbs are short and thick, a large tail is long and flat, and the largest individual can reach about 1.2 meters. There is also "Kate Men" in the name.

Figure: Maguelrangeljr (Photo by Miguelrangeljr) of San Paulo Zoo; right: The appearance of the Kamen crocodile is quite similar to the Kaymen crocodile (Source: Tumblr)

Which lizard do you think is the strange?

[Cold Knowledge] named "Lizard", not a lizard

Sphenodon (SPHENODON) commonly known as beak head lizard, New Zealand crocodile lizard, and backbone crocodile lizard. It is a rare reptile living in New Zealand. It belongs to the "crocodile eyes" and "turtle eyes", but the independent and ancient "beak head" (the middle of the trilayer has appeared in the middle of the Trinity). At present, it is only distributed on several islands in the Cock Strait of New Zealand. However, due to the invasion of Itachi and rodents, its survival is quite bad.

Clear tooth lizard (Source: Chongdae) resting on stones:

[1] Boccia, Christopher K.; Swierk, Lindsey; Ayala-Varela, Fernando P.; Boccia, James; BORGES, Isabela L.; Estupiñán, Camilo Andres; Martin, Alexandra martínez-grom. Ovalle, Sebastian; Senthivasan, SHRERAM; Toyama, Ken S. (2021-07-12).

[2] Magazine, Smithsonian; Gamilla, Elizabeth. "Diving Anole Lizards Use Bubbles to Breathe Underwater". Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved 2021-10-19.

[3]Baeckens, Simon; Temmerman, Marie; Gorb, Stanislav N.; Neto, Chiara; Whiting, Martin J.; Van Damme, Raoul (2021-10-01). "Convergent evolution of skin surface microarchitecture and increased skin hydrophobicity in semi-aquity anole lizards ". Journal of Experimental Biology. 224 (19)

[4] Menegon, m.; Spawls, s.; Wagner, p.; Beraduccii, j. (2014). "Agama mwanzae".

[5] spawls, s.; Howell, k. m.; DreWes, R. C. (2006). REPTILES and amphibians of easy. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

[6] Kennedy, A.S., & Kennedy, v. (2014). Animals of the sereneGeti: And nigorongoro conservation area. Princeth, united states: Princeton University Press.

[7]Scherz, Mark D.; Daza, Juan D.; Köhler, Jörn; Vences, Miguel; Glaw, Frank. Off the scale: a new species of fish-scale gecko (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Geckolepis) with exceptionally large scales . Peerj. 2017, 5

[8] Voeltzkow, Alfred. Tägliches Leben Eines Sammlers Und Forschers AUF Exkursionen in Den Tropen.

Dermolytische SCHRECKHäUTUNG "— Ein Besondres AutoTomieverTen Von Geckolepis Typica (REPTILIA, GEKKONIDAE).

[11] "Caiman Lizard | The Dallas World Aquarium". 7 January 2010.

Author of this article: Qu Xie, a master's degree in the School of History of Wuhan University, archeological direction of Shang and Zhou Dynasties.

End

Reprinted content only represents the author's point of view

Does not represent the position of the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

If you need to reprint, please contact the original public account

Source: 五 来 来 来

Edit: Tibetan idiot

- END -