Professor of Huazhong University of Science and Technology talks about Wananqiao's fire: Some damage is irreversible. After repair

【Source: Nine Pai News】

On the evening of August 6, because of a fire, Wan'an Bridge, which has a history of more than 900 years, collapsed. This bridge is located in Pingnan County, Fujian. It was a good place for local residents and children to play.

Wan'an Bridge was built in Yuanyou of the Northern Song Dynasty for five years. In 2006, the northeast of Fujian, including it, was rated as the sixth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

The academic community is very sorry for this fire.

Professor of Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Bo Director Zhao Yan Specialized Special Research Hall Building is also the vice president of the Professional Committee of the Chinese Cultural Relics Society and Director of the Protection Research Center of the Chinese Guild Hall. He believes that although Wan'an Bridge will be repaired in the future, the historical traces above it have disappeared with the fire, and the destruction of emotional value is irreversible.

In recent years, many accidents have been damaged in ancient buildings. He believes that the fire of Wan'an Bridge should attract more attention to the protection of ancient buildings.

At 8 pm on August 10, the staff conducted an investigation at the fire at Wan'an Bridge. Picture | Jiupai News Wanxuan

dialogue

[1] Wan'an Bridge is an immigration channel, a spiritual logo

Jiupai News: What do you feel after learning that Wan'an Bridge was destroyed?

Zhao Yan: On the night of the fire, I posted a Weibo. I felt very regrettable and very sorry. I have been there for a year. It is not an ordinary corridor bridge. Originally, Zhejiang and Fujian provinces were applying for joint declaration. Packing together to apply for World Heritage Site has entered the preparatory list of World Heritage List.

Wanan Bridge is a very important bridge in this application. Its length and history are very prominent in the corridor bridge and have high research value. In recent years, there have been many relatively large ancient bridges such an accident, so I feel quite sorry.

Jiupai News: What are the more prominent research value of it?

Zhao Yan: It can be summarized as large span, high complexity, and then functionality as the main channel.

Wan'an Bridge was originally known as Longjiang Gongji Bridge, commonly known as Hongqiao, which was built in the Song Dynasty. It and the "Laoshui Hongqiao" in the Song Dynasty "The River Map of the Qing Dynasty" all belonged to the "Wooden Arch Bridge" and "Guanmu Arch Bridge". Bridge technology. Taking "Qingming Shanghe Tu" as an example, the arch bridge in the painting is a single span (no bridge pier), and the Wan'an bridge is still more span (with multiple bridge pier). The technical content and production difficulty of themselves are higher.

Wan'an Bridge also communicates the immigration channel in Zhejiang and Fujian, with high research value. In history, many people migrate from Zhejiang to Fujian from north to south. In the process of migration, they will care more about the spiritual logo on the road.

Jiupai News: What does it mean to the local building like Wan'an Bridge?

Zhao Yan: The formation of villages by the river is generally related to business. In the past, the village was mainly through the bridge, and the gallery bridge was not the same. It not only had the function of transportation, but also the public space of the villagers' activities. Chatting, catching up, and assembly will be here. Therefore, compared with the average bridge, the corridor bridge will have more love in the village.

At Pingnan, important sacrifice activities are related to the bridge, and often set up sacrifice at both ends of the bridge or in the middle.

The ancients' understanding of the sacrifice was much more complicated. Now it is a rule of law society. We will go to the judicial organs to rule. In the past, they were more inclined to solve problems in the ancestral hall and God. This is their faith and awe. In the cultural memory of the villagers, the sacrifice belongs to the aggressive emotional activity.

Then they put this kind of sacrifice on the bridge, and they can also see their understanding of the bridge and emotional sustenance, which is very different.

[2] The memory of the bridge is a priceless treasure

Jiupai News: Some people say that because of multiple reconstruction and restoration, some people say that Wanan Bridge is "900 Ancient Bridge" and is not accurate. What do you think for this?

Zhao Yan: We have been talking about "Founded in Song". For the south, because of the weather and other aspects, a wooden bridge is not easy to save for thousands of years, so its local damage, including local maintenance, is common.

Jiupai News: What is the difficulty of repairing Wan'an Bridge?

Zhao Yan: I personally think that there is no difficulty in technology. Wan'an Bridge is a "national security" (national key cultural relics protection unit), and the information on the construction method is relatively full. In terms of craftsmanship, there are always craftsmanship in Fujian, and there are specialty craftsmen.

As far as I know, the construction of this bridge does not use particularly precious and rare materials. Its main feature is wood structure. From this perspective, it is easy to spend more thoughts and reconstruction from "shape".

However, some places are irreversible. For example, the village where the Wan'an Bridge is located is very simple and very historically coordinated with the style of the bridge. But now, the bridge is burned, and the village is still retained, but its style has changed, which has a overall impact on the environment.

The biggest difficulty is the loss of those invisible things, that is, it is completely impossible to re -engrave. Even the two similar stones, the stone that has been stepped on for nine hundred years and the new stone, is completely different. It is difficult to restore the stones and the packets of wood.

Jiupai News: After the Wan'an Bridge is repaired, what value can be retained?

Zhao Yan: The value of architecture includes the connotation of architectural materials, crafts, techniques, and human history. It is necessary to make judgments together. In terms of repair, as long as the funds are invested, it can be repaired and can be quantified by digital. However, the accounts of history are actually not counted. Those memories they produce are priceless. Therefore, for ancient buildings like Wanan Bridge, the value of heritage is the most important. If a utensil is truly a heritage, its value is not made of this utensil, but it has inherited how many traces have been inherited for so many years.

For example, you think of the place where you live when you are a kid. The place where the old street can allow you to have association and emotional resonance may be a dim light bulb, or a scratch you are. But if it is demolished, even if it is rebuilt, the details of the life of the bites of life are gone, and things that can cause Lenovo will be gone.

Jiupai News: After the repair of Wan'an Bridge, can I continue to apply for legacy?

Zhao Yan: Strictly speaking, re -built buildings can only be antique buildings, cannot become cultural relics protection buildings, and naturally lose the value of applying for heritage. However, Wan'an Bridge also has a stone bridge pier. If the wooden structure is still residual, it can be understood according to "repair" instead of "reconstruction", and it also has cultural relics value.

Wan'an Bridge looks like before burning. Data map

[3] The subsequent protection of Wan'an Bridge should not be "overkill"

Jiupai News: What are the daily protection of ancient buildings like Wan'an Bridge?

Zhao Yan: Because Wan'an Bridge belongs to the "national security" level of cultural relics, China has very strict explicit regulations, including strict ban on fire, there are corresponding security measures, regular exercises, and special funds for special funds. Therefore, Wanan Bridge, as a "national security" -level building, is more serious.

Jiupai News: What kind of reference does it bring?

Zhao Yan: Because this has become a hearing incident, it can arouse the attention of the society's attention to the protection of ancient architectural heritage. I think this is a great value. In fact, it is very rare for the whole society to pay attention to cultural relics and ancient building protection. There are not many opportunities. Occasionally, some Internet celebrities in the Forbidden City will attract attention. This time, the fire of Wan'an Bridge allows everyone to know what heritage protection is, and I think it is important to pay more attention to this aspect.

Nine -faction News: How to operate during the repair process to minimize losses?

Zhao Yan: The emotional value cannot be repaired. No matter how you repair it, it will only be a new bridge, and the traces of those culture and those history have died with the fire. This is also a huge regret. Of course, you can still see some of its previous photos on the Internet. If the local government can take some measures, such as showing some old photos, it will actually help present its past style.

On the other hand, I think it is to avoid extremes. For example, if you are worried about such dangers, the villagers' activities on the bridge are limited because of the danger of another danger. It is not advisable to close the "door" for management. In my opinion, the maximum value of this bridge is to use it to use it, depending on it and emotion. If it was burned once, it would not let the villagers go to the bridge to chat. I think it is not appropriate.

Therefore, after fixing, let the villagers interact with the bridge to participate in it, and let the inheritance live, instead of just closed it there, only as the "specimen".

Jiupai journalist Chen Dongyan Wanxuan Intern reporter Shen Bing

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