Over the past century, the image of female medical workers on the screen of mainland China has changed

· Editor's

August 19, 2022 is the Fifth Chinese Physician's Day. Female medical workers are women who "master medical knowledge and treat diseases". This article has changed the image of female medical workers on the screen for a century. It is believed that female medical workers are part of professional women. Their life history has been on the traces of the development of the times and the traces of their own liberation; Individuals are paying attention to the possibility of women's expression; accompanied by the interpretation of women's literature or movie text, there are many possibilities. "

■ Guo Haiwen Wang Qingyue

Female medical workers are women who "master medical knowledge and treat diseases". Over the past century, the image of female medical staff on the screen of mainland China has roughly the following characteristics.

1912-1931: Female medical workers who walked out of the house

Although the movies in this period rarely reflect the lives of female medical workers. However, from the "Big Love Like the Sky" produced by Gao Liangqiang, starring Song Xiaoying, and the center of the Film Channel Program Center in 2007, in the 2013 documentary "Master Lin Qiaoyi", you can see the life course of female medical workers in that period. First of all, she has received good higher education. In October 1901, Lin Qiaozi was born in a Christian family that is enlightened and influenced by Western culture in Gulangyu, Xiamen. The family supports Lin Qiaoyi to study from Xiamen to the distant north. She has become the first graduate of Peking Union Medical College with excellent grades. Secondly, she is mainly engaged in women and children. From the birth of the mother -in -law to the scientific production, it broke the tradition of hundreds of years, and the revolution of this concept and technology started from Lin Qiaori's practice. Again, unmarried for life. Lin Qiaoyi devoted her life to the work of maternal and child and children who were directly related to the rescue and continuing life. She welcomed the advent of countless new life, and also re -tortured countless people who suffered from illness.

1931-1949: Female medical workers who are going to war

Female medical workers in the war, first of all, rescue the wounded on the front line. The film that describes the female medical worker during the liberation of the war was "White Warrior" by director Feng Bailu and produced by the Northeast Film Studio in 1949. The protagonist is Zhuang Yi, the female captain of the medical team. On the one hand, she has the ability and responsibility to put the wounded first. Due to the sudden war, she led the medical team for an emergency transfer, not afraid of air strikes, arranged properly, and did not let go of any injured comrade of any front line. Secondly, in the rear, fighting the enemy's wisdom. The bravery and wisdom of female medical workers during this period not only reflected in the front line of gunfire, but also behind the bloody storm. In 1935, the song girl A Feng, director of the "Fengyun Children" produced by Tianhan and Xia Yan, directed by Xu Xingzhi, and the "Children's Children" film produced by Diantong Film Company was returned from Shanghai to the north under the introduction of the nurse Xu Jiazhen. "Song Girl" deeply touched the audience's heart. "One Heart" is a film produced by Ren Pengnian, a film company produced in 1939. In the movie, the image of a sympathy revolution and a nurse for the guerrilla player surgery. The image of the female doctor or female nurse in these movies, although there are very few shots in the movie, are a few shots that let us capture the footprint of female medical workers in the war years.

1949-1966: Women's medical workers who build New China

During the seventeen years after the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was the exploration stage of my country's socialist development. At this time, the image of female medical workers in the screen mainly has the following characteristics: First, protect the country and defend the country. Among the army who across the Yalu River in 1950, there were also female medical workers in the Anti -US and aid North Korea. The most famous of the film "Shang Ganling" by the film "Shang Ganling", which was produced by Shamun, Lin Shan, directed by Shamun, Lin Shan, and Changchun Film Studio in 1956. She "participated in the Yalu River to North Korea and participated in five battles." In the film, Wang Lan's "My Motherland" sang the soldiers in the trenches became the comfort of the soldiers on the battlefield of the beacon smoke, and also pinned the warriors' thoughts on the motherland. Second, complain about the old society. In the seventeen years of movies, shaping female medical workers is one of the main ways to present the theme of "the old society turns people into ghosts and new society turns ghosts into adults". "Mo Ya" is a movie produced by director Xu Tao and Shanghai Haiyan Film Studio in 1960. The film was launched around the heroine Yi Laihan "the old society turned people into a ghost, and the new society turned ghosts into adults." Before the founding of New China, Elhan's mother Mi Khan was framed as a "pipa ghost" who was eating children because of the insult of the head of the head. After growing up, Yili Khan was considered by the villagers to be "little pipa ghost", saying "the little pipa ghost eats the children of others." Later, Elai Khan was treated by the People's Liberation Army, and became a Mo Ya (doctor) of the Dai nationality after learning. She struggled with the reactionary forces of the old society with her medical skills. In short, "The party tells me that I am a man, the real ghost is this bad old man" is the theme of this film. Again, establish a new look. Directed by Yan Gong in 1954, the Northeast Film Studio made the movie "Marriage". In the film, Yang Xiaoqing's identity was a young female young woman (female middle school student). She learned modern medical technologies such as "sleeping and living, cutting the umbilical cord to disinfect", and served farmers to serve farmers. Director Tao Jin in 1957, "Nurse Diary" shot by Jiangnan Film Studio, who graduated from Shanghai Nurse School, who graduated from Shanghai Nurses School, resolutely chose to go to the Northeast Border to the northeast. The story of the service shows the spiritual style of the new Chinese female nurse. 1978-2000: Female medical workers under the wave of reform and opening up

During this period, the most famous female medical worker, the movie "People to Middle Age" (Director Wang Qimin, Sun Yu, Changchun Film Studio, 1982), Lu Wenting. The problem of middle -aged intellectuals raised by this film has aroused widespread concern in society. First, economic distress. Lu Wenting's family of four lived in a more than ten square meters of huts, and the couple had only one desk. In the film, there is a shot of Lu Wenting's "a glass of white water/a piece of sibaki/a bunch of tears". Everyone with a conscience shed tears when he saw it. It allowed "the treatment and situation of intellectuals" -the social problems that had been very severe at that time evolved into a wave of sympathy and reflection. Second, the medical skills are superb. As a female medical worker trained in New China, Lu Wenting's medical skills are very superb, winning the respect and love of patients, and finally accumulating illness. This situation of life leads the audience to reflect on history, and also help the audience's important turning point in the times, say goodbye to the painful history as soon as possible, and ignite the warm call and unlimited hope for the future.

From 2000 to the present: female medical workers who have done extraordinary careers

During this period, female medical workers in the big screen were heroic heroine. "Chinese Doctor" is adapted from the real incident of China's anti -new crown pneumonia. On the big screen, the medical workers who fought in the front line of Wuhan in 2020 were fully displayed on the front line of Wuhan. Scroll. "The data released by the National Health and Health Commission shows that among the medical staff in Hubei in the country, there are 28,000 women, accounting for about two -thirds," which shows that female medical workers have become the backbone of the epidemic prevention and control. Wen Ting in "Chinese Doctor" is the representative of female medical workers in this battle. When the epidemic was coming, her perseverance and calmness, concerned about her loved ones, when she learned that the sorrow of the familiar person after the death, and the deep traces of the mask (out) on her face were very real. When the country was in the first place, a female medical worker was responsible. The epitaph of the famous doctor Trudeau- "Sometimes to cure, often help, always comfort", also becoming the role positioning of Chinese doctors.

The change of the image of a female medical worker on the screen over the past century has further proved that "only the individual of a female 'is concerned, and the expression of women is rich and vivid; There are many possibilities for interpretation. " As a part of professional women, female medical workers have a trace of the development of the times and the traces of their own liberation.

(Author Unit: School of History and Culture, Shaanxi Normal University)

- END -