Speaking of the World Series: Rifle World -Put the rifle from the front to the rear rifle

This article has obtained words that the world public account authorization is issued

This content was published by the People's Publishing House 20 Volumes of the World

The application of the bomb loading bombs shortened the reloading time of the guns and ammunition, increasing the efficiency of firepower launch, and a revolutionary progress of firearm technology.

The front -loaded gun, also known as the front gun, refers to the guns that loaded ammunition from the muzzle. The diameter is generally large and the loading speed is slow. Early guns were fired in front, and after the middle of the 19th century, they were gradually replaced by rear guns.

The early rifle was a front -rifle, also known as the front -loading gun. It means that the ammunition was loaded from the muzzle. The amount of medicine was not fixed at each time. Compared with the front rifle, the rear rifle loaded from the rear of the barrel can fill the soldiers to fill the ammunition in the state of lying down and lying, the concealment is enhanced, and the rate of fire has also increased.

In 1776, British Major Patrick Ferguson invented the world's earliest and true rear rifle. The following year, Ferguson brought 100 back -up rifles he designed to the North American colonies to suppress the local anti -British uprising. This gun can fire 6 bullets per minute, far exceeding the front -load rifle.

In 1780, Ferguson was killed in a battle, and the British army never continued to use this rear rifle. In the 1830s, the paper shell fixed gun was born, and the projectiles, bottom fires, and launch medicines were integrated, which created conditions for the birth of the rear rifle. In 1836, the Prussian John Nicholus Von Delizer (1787-1867) invented the "shot gun". This kind of gun is added to the gun. The shooter pushes the bullet into the barrel with the gun from behind. After the trigger is pulled, the pole shot on the gun is pierced to pierce the paper shell bullet, hit the bottom fire, ignite the launch medicine, and put the projectile. Shoot. Because the bullet of this gun needs to be loaded into the barrel from the rear, it is also called "a single shot of the rear."

M1841 strike gun: The Prussian Delezer's rear rifle developed in 1841 brought a huge technical and tactical advantage to the Prussian army in Putan War and the Poao War. Its emergence is a revolution in the history of firearms, which has played a great role in the development of future generations.

The Prussian government recognized the superiority of this "non -mainstream" rifle and immediately acquired the invention. In 1841, after Draze resolved several key technologies for leapfrogging, the "knocking gun" was immediately adopted by the Prussian army and secretly equipped with the name of "M1841", and it was not public until 1848. Many people are opposed to this excellent rifle. It is said that a General Prussia hates a rifle very much. He left his last words when he died, asking for a shot of guns on his cemetery with a forest gun, otherwise he would die.

In 1866, the war between Prussia and Austria had a war in the Sadova region (now territory). The Austrian army was equipped with front rifles, and the general military was equipped with the rear rifle "M1841". The front rifle must be vertical when filling the ammunition, which is not only time -consuming and laborious, but also operates large, it is easy to expose the target. The speed and launch speed of the rear rifle are greatly accelerated, and it is more convenient to use -there is no need to raise the gun body when loading. The Prussian army relied on the advantage of the rear -loading rifle, and it won the war in just seven weeks.

Hanyang was made in the German "M1888 Committee Rifle" produced by the Hanyang Arsenal in the late Qing Dynasty. It began production in 1896 and was discontinued in 1944. During the late Qing Dynasty to the Anti -Japanese War, Hanyang was made of one of the main rifle types of the Chinese army. The picture shows Hanyang, which is displayed by Zhu Mao Old Residence in Jinggangshan Ziping.

After this war, Austria, France, Switzerland and other countries soon eliminated the front -loading rifle. Russia has controversial whether to use the rear -loading rifle. The Minister of the Army Mi Liu Jing immediately wrote to the Tsar Emperor after seeing the power of the rear rifle: "If the determination to use the rear rifle is a little hesitant, the consequences will be unimaginable." Instead of loading the rifle.

The rear rifle designed by the German firearm Moset brothers has become the German Army's standard equipment and is imitated by many countries. During the Western War in 1898, the Craig rifle in the hands of American soldiers was not the opponent of the "M1893" Moser rifle used by Spanish soldiers. The U.S. forces used the advantages of the number and used the Gatling machine to defeat the Spanish army.

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