[Cai Zhi Headline] One kilometer and one hundred million!China Railway "counter -sky" chiseling through the Himalayas

On August 11, a spokesman for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Wang Wenbin presided over a regular press conference. Some foreign media reporters ask questions, do China want to build railways between China and Nepal? What kind of railway will be built?

Wang Wenbin said that during the talks, the two sides unanimously stated that they would build a cross -Himalayan three -dimensional interconnection network. The State Councilor and Foreign Minister of Wang Yi also announced that China will use the feasibility study of Nigeria to support the Cross -border Railway of the China -Nisi, and to go to Ni to conduct a survey during the year.

Picture source: official website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Reported topics in 2015

In fact, the cross -Himalayas Railway has attracted much attention, and related topics have long been discussed.

According to the "China Daily" on April 9, 2015, China and Nepal will consider building a railway through the Himalayas, extending from Shigatse to Kuala Rong on the border between the two countries, with a total length of 540 kilometers. It was reported at the time that China's Qinghai -Tibet Railway had connected Lhasa and Shigatse, such as Lhasa and Shigato to connect with mainland China. Now, the "Zhongni Railway" is expected to extend the Qinghai -Tibet Railway to Nepal.

Wang Mengshu, an expert in China Tunnel Engineering and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, told China Daily that the construction of the railway must pass through the Himalayas, so there is a need for a long tunnel that needs to be built through the Himalayas.

On April 16, 2015, Xinhuanet further reported this concept with "China Railway" "against the sky" to piercing Himalayas, real or false? "

Wang Mengshu told Xinhuanet reporters at the time that this railway line was still in the phase of feasibility research, and the project construction did not mention the agenda.

One kilometer per 100 million

Can the railway tunnel through the Himalayas be built? Is it technically feasible? In an interview with a reporter from Xinhuanet in 2015, Wang Mengshu, a Chinese tunnel and underground engineering expert, analyzed it. He said that the technology of the Himalayas Tunnel is feasible, but facing some practical difficulties.

To build the alpine tunnel, we must first determine the site selection and altitude. Do you want to "cross" or "cross"? Wang Mengshu said, if the construction of tunnels above 7000 meters above sea level at the Himalayan mountain can shorten the length, but considering that the air is thin, the temperature is too low, frozen in frozen, it is not suitable Therefore, it is best to drop to less than 5000 meters in height, and it is more appropriate to be about 4000 meters.

Wang Mengshu told reporters that in order to shorten the length of the tunnel, he should also try to find the thinnest place in the Himalayan mountain as much as possible. From the "ditch" similar to one end of the mountain mouth, it will be played from the "ditch" at the other end. Earlier, after the field survey, all parties were initially determined by some alternative addresses, but they stayed in the feasibility research stage and did not move the real.

One of the main difficulties of engineering operations in high cold areas is hypoxia. According to the experience of the construction of the Qinghai -Tibet Railway, the oxygen content of the air above 4,800 meters above sea level is less than half of the plain, which must be manually supplying oxygen. Wang Mengshu said that if the Himalayan tunnel is built, oxygen -making machine must be used in the construction tunnel. Only when the oxygen content reaches normal levels can we maintain normal construction.

Of course, to repair the railway, you have to repair the road transportation equipment and materials first, which involves the danger of high -altitude road transportation.

Wang Mengshu said that when the Qinghai -Tibet Railway was built at that time, when the altitude rose to 4,500 meters, 140,000 people participated in the construction without any cases of high -cold hypoxia, but more than 100 people died because of the cars. Under high altitude conditions, the internal and external pressure difference between the inner and outer tires of the car is too large, and the tires often burst. Therefore, in order to build various equipment and materials for railway tunnel transportation, highway transportation must be ensured.

"Although there are various difficulties, there are ways to solve it. In general, the construction of the Himalayan Tunnel is feasible, but it is still a vision now." Wang Mengshu said at the time.

At that time, wearing a hip -in Mountain Mountain was still conceived. At the level of decision -making, no accurate estimation was performed. Even so, according to Wang Mengshu's experience, the cost of building railways in extremely harsh geological conditions is basically "one kilometer and one 100 million".

China -Nepal Economic and Trade Cooperation Brief

The construction of railways between China and Nepal is not accidental. Nepal, as a friendly neighbor of China, is one of the countries that China provides earlier aid.

On March 22, 2016, Nepal's new Prime Minister Oli arrived in China to visit China. The two countries signed 10 agreements, including the plan to build railways between the two countries, so that Nepal and the third country to carry out import and export business to completely get rid of the port of Indian ports. Relying on; build international airports in the tourist city of Bocara; conduct feasibility studies of the establishment of free trade zones in the two countries; forgiveness of understanding of oil and gas resources in Nepal.

During the "Belt and Road" International Cooperation Summit Forum in May 2017, China and the then Vice Premier and Treasury Minister Mahara signed a memorandum of understanding of the "Belt and Road" cooperation memorandum and the construction of a cross -border economic cooperation zone. The cooperation agreement between the China -Nine Friendship Industrial Park and the Nepal -China Tibet Cultural Tourism Industrial Park. The agreement has determined the principles, fields, methods, convenience and guarantee measures, execution agencies and working mechanisms of bilateral investment cooperation. The exchanges between enterprises and other institutions provide policy guarantee, and promoted the further healthy and stable development of Sino -Nine investment cooperation.

With the "Belt and Road" initiative, China further increased its investment in Nepal, and the cooperation between the two parties in the fields of economic, trade, energy, tourism and other fields has improved rapidly in recent years. According to the data of Nepal's 2016-2017 fiscal year, the bilateral trade volume of China -Nima reached 1.141 billion US dollars in the first 11 months, an increase of 10.2%year -on -year, accounting for 12.3%of the total trade in Nepal. China has become one of Nepal's second largest trade and investment partners and the most important development partners. Not only that, China also provides Nepal's improvement of infrastructure construction, and the degree of facilities of the two countries has continued to strengthen to form a composite infrastructure network. In August 2017, Nepal Telecom and China Telecom cooperated to laid optical cables. China and Nepal achieved optical fiber interoperability. Nepal was able to use China to access the Internet by way, and obtained Internet services cheaper and faster than before. In terms of traditional land channels, the Ango Highway and Salad Highway connected to China Nigeria were severely damaged in the Great Earthquake in 2015. At the "Belt and Road" International Cooperation Summit Forum in May 2017, both the Sausa Highway Repair and improve project exchange documents, and agree to accelerate the reimbursement of the Ango Highway and Salad Highway Repair Project.

According to data from the official website of the Ministry of Commerce, in terms of bilateral trade, from January to December 2020, China-Nine trade volume was 1.19 billion US dollars. Among them, China exported $ 1.17 billion in exports and imported US $ 200 million from Niger. In terms of investment in Ni, from January to December 2020, Chinese companies' direct investment in Nigeron was 52.26 million US dollars. In terms of engineering contracting cooperation, from January to December 2020, the contract volume of Chinese enterprises in the new signing of the Nigeron project was 1.87 billion US dollars, and the turnover was $ 400 million.

2021年1-12月，中尼贸易额已经达到19.8亿美元，其中，中国对尼出口19.5亿美元自尼进口0.3亿美元;中国企业对尼非金融类直接投资5201万美元;中国企业在尼The newly -signed project contract value of 1.28 billion US dollars completed the turnover of 400 million US dollars.

From September 1st this year, my country ’s imported products native to Nepal’ s 98%taxpayers have a tax rate with zero tax rates. Among them, 98%of the taxation is the taxation rate of 0 in Document No. 8 of the Taxation Committee in Document No. 8, with a total of 8,786. Wang Yi State Councilor and Foreign Minister said on August 11 that the support of the Pangers used this policy bonus to expand exports to China.

(WeChat public account "Caizhi Headline" comprehensive self -consuming: surging news, CCTV News, Guangming.com, Ministry of Commerce's official website, etc.)

Edit: Yuan Kai

School pair: Fenghua

Review: Gong Zimo

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