China contributes wisdom to the protection of the world Asian elephant

August 12 is the 11th World Elephant Day. Last year, a group of wild Asian elephants from Xishuangna, Yunnan all the way north, and finally returned to the original habitat under the intention of human beings. At the same time that this group of "jungle giant" has attracted worldwide attention, it has also attracted the public's unprecedented attention to the protection of Chinese Asian elephants.

Asian elephants are mainly distributed in China, Xishuangbanna, Pu'er and Lincang in Yunnan Province, and are the flagship species of tropical forest ecosystems. In the past 30 years, with the continuous reduction of the total global Asian elephant, the number of wild Asian elephants in Yunnan has increased significantly. The story of the Chinese government and the people in hand with the elephant warming the world is warm, and the efforts of China's continuous protection of Asian elephants have also been praised by the world.

Wild elephant "lost" is known to return

"After returning to the original habitat on December 9, last year, the elephant group in the north and south has been stable in the Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve's Zhaoyu area. Guo Xianming, director of the Institute of Science Research in Grade Nature Reserve, said that according to monitoring and analysis, the water sources and food in the protected area were sufficient. After the group returned to the "hometown", the state was in good condition, and the baby was also fat.

On August 9, 2021, the north of the north was traveling in Yuanjiang County, Yuxi City, Yunnan Province. (Photo by Hu Chao)

Guo Xianming said that after returning to Xishuangbanna, the elephant group divided into two elephant groups for a period of time. One of the large families in the reserved area was merged into the reserve. A frequent communication between.

Due to illegal hunting and habitats, the number of global Asian elephants has shown an overall decline. It is good to be happy that through many years of protection, the number of wild Asian elephant populations in my country has rolled more than 150 in the 1970s and 1980s.

Chen Fei, director of the Asian Elephant Research Center of the State Forestry and Grassland Bureau, recognized that this rare wild Asian elephant remote migration activity has not only showed that the number of populations in Asian Asian elephants in China has increased steadily in recent years, and it has provided effective guidance for the control of Chinese Asian elephants to spread and diffusion. At the same time, it has also accumulated more successful experience for resolving human pitch conflicts in the future.

Asian elephants are the largest and most representative terrestrial vertebrates in Asia, and they are also "engineers" to maintain the forest ecosystem. These behemoths walk through the rain forests, opening up "high -speed roads" for other small animals. Elephant group stomped and knocked down some plants, so that the dense rain forest opened a window to create a living space for the plant under the forest; place.

"Elephant cannot be separated from the forest, and the forest is inseparable from elephants." Guo Xianming said that elephants are called "umbrella species" by scientists. By protecting them, they can provide umbrellas to other species at the same time to ensure that the rainforest ecosystems can be provided to the rain forest ecosystem. Harmony and stability.

Cracking people's conflict problems

Aho Musa, a researcher at the Nishuangbanna Herbus Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has a wide range of dissemination: "For the Asian elephant, there is no secure country than China." This Spanish scientist who has long been concerned about the protection of Asian elephants and tropical rain forests believes that China has formulated a very good Asian elephant protection policy, which has greatly increased the number of Asian elephant populations and has achieved remarkable results.

"In Sri Lanka, Malaysia, India and other countries with the distribution of Asian elephants, people's conflicts are generally existed." Ahho Musa said that some areas even shot Asian elephants in extreme circumstances.

It is another picture in China. Taking the west Shuangbanna as an example, people have always thought that being able to see wild elephants is a lucky thing. Local minorities have regarded them as auspicious incarnation and long -term guardianship and defending them.

In the field of wild elephants, although wild elephants may destroy crops, the villagers still have goodwill and tolerance for wild elephants. The 43 -year -old Wang Chuan lives in Manke Old Village, Kangping Town, Jiangcheng County, Pu'er City. At present, there are two groups of 12 wild elephant activities around the village. "The villagers saw that the wild elephant came, and stayed far away, not to disturb them, and did not drive away the wild elephant." Wang Chuan said, "If the wild elephant destroys food and farmland, the insurance purchased by the government will claim compensation. ","

On August 1, 2022, an elephant monitor observed the Asian elephant in Jiangcheng County, Pu'er City, Yunnan Province. (Photo by Jiang Wenyao)

Yang Hua, deputy director of the Dynamic and Plant Protection Division of the Lincao Bureau of Yunnan Province, introduced that through the strengthening of the protection and recovery of the Asian phenomena habitat, Yunnan Province continued to improve the quality of the habitat, while strengthening the construction of monitoring and early warning, safety prevention and emergency response system, to the greatest extent to avoid Human phenomenon conflict. In addition, Yunnan Province has also established the Asian Elephant Protection Expert Committee to coordinate the investigation and monitoring of Asian elephants and their habitats, group structures and genetic characteristics, human pitch conflict mechanisms, environmental land carrying capacity, habitat repair and food source transformation. Research.

"This year, the insurance amount of public liability insurance for wild animals in the two states of Xishuangbanna and Pu'er has exceeded 50 million yuan." Yang Hua said that on the basis of accurately calculating the reasonable income of crops in the distribution area of ​​Asian elephants, the Asian Elephant Elephant Favorite Food this year will be preferred The compensation standards of large crops in the damage area increased to the market price level, and gradually changed the passive situation of the masses of the people abandoning the desertation of the mountains, the people of the people who retreated and the dam areas, and exacerbated the spread of the spread, ensured the interests of the masses, stabilized the Asian elephant food source source source The contradiction between people to strive for development space is reduced as much as possible.

"Human elephant conflict is a world problem. At present, China is very good." Aho Musa said that if China can eventually solve human pitch conflicts in the end, such Chinese experience is enough to lead the world.

"Xiang Dad" warmth

Early in the morning, at the Xishuangbanna Asian Elephant Rescue and Breeding Center, after Chen Jiming had eaten early, he took the 7 -year -old Asian elephant "sheep girl" to the wild to carry out daily wild training in the wild. In front of the tall "daughter", the "like father" was slightly thin, but his eyes filled with warm love.

"Since 2015, I grew up watching it a little bit, just like my child." Chen Jiming said that "Yang Niu" was sticky to him, and when he was happy, he would do various small games with him.

The Xishuangbanna Asian Elephant Rescue and Breeding Center is the only scientific research base in China at the current research base with Asian elephants, rescue and breeding research. Here, there are a group of staff like Chen Jiming who specialize in rescue and care for Asian elephants to provide technical and strength support for the research, testing, and assistance of the national first -level protection of animal Asian elephants. People kindly call them "like father".

On July 28, 2022, the West Shuangxiang Namanian Elephant Pauli Paiming Wei took the elephant in the West Shuangxiang Version of Yunnan for wild training. (Photo by Jiang Wenyao)

The 40 -year -old Xiong Chao Yong's care experience for 17 years has reached 17 years, and it can be called a senior "like father". Many elephants have been taken care of by him. One of the elephants named "Ran Ran" and his feelings are the deepest.

In July 2005, Wild Elephant Valley staff found the injured small elephant "Ran Ran" in the nearby river and sent it to the rescue center. Subsequently, Xiong Chaoyong, who had rich care of nursing experience, served as the "Xiang Dad" of the small elephant.

Due to resistance, "Ran Ran" hit an veterinarian near it into the wall. "At first I was also scared, but it needed my help, and it had to be touched." Xiong Chaoyong said. In order to supplement nutrition to "Ranran", Xiong Chao Yong started to eat apples and gradually pulled closer to lay the foundation for subsequent drug treatment and care. When encountering the lightning flashing thunder, "Ran Ran" often sent out a sorrow. Xiong Chaoyong simply moved the bed to the edge of the elephant and guarded all night.

The timid orphan elephant "Xiaoqiang", the adult public elephant "Kun Liu", who was injured by his companion, the "sheep girl" abandoned by the elephant group due to umbilical cord infections ... Each of the rescued elephant is behind The heart -warming story, their healthy growth is inseparable from the "like father" day after day.

Over the years, "Xiang Dad" has achieved great results in continuous exploration and practice in Asian elephant breeding technology. As of the end of 2021, the Xishuangbanna Asian Elephant Rescue and Breeding Center has successfully breeded nine small elephants, filling the gap in the field of Asian elephant breeding technology, and achieved a breakthrough in the standardization of Asian elephant protection management.

Realize human harmony symbiosis

On June 2, 2021, 15 Asian elephant groups moved north of Yunnan entered the boundary boundary of Jinning District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province. Tang Zhengfang, a 50 -year -old farmer who lives in Sir Lidi Village, Jinning District, was worried that the elephant would not be full. He took the initiative to contact the township government to donate a few tons of corn that he had harvested at home and fed this group of wild elephants that almost over half of Yunnan came here. "Tour".

After the elephant returned to the south, Tang Zhengfang still paid attention to the dynamics of "old friends" from time to time. "Knowing that they are home, the government has taken a lot of measures to strengthen protection. I can rest assured, I hope to have the opportunity to see them."

In China, there are many people like Tang Zhengfang being affected by Asian elephants. Chen Fei said that the story of the Asian elephant group moved north to the north, and the Chinese government and the people joined the elephant to protect the image. sample".

On August 1, 2022, Xiangqun foraged in Jiangcheng County, Pu'er City, Yunnan Province. (Photo by Jiang Wenyao)

"It is not the end to help this wild elephant successfully go home, and the protection of Asian elephants and their habitats is still far away." Chen Fei said that the Asian elephant has been included in the 48 extreme endangered species of rescue protection during the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" period. In the future, as the ecological environment is good, the Asian elephant population will definitely continue to grow, and there is still a long way to go to solve the worldwide problems of human elephant conflicts.

At present, scientists are conducting research on the appropriate analysis of Asian pitch habitats and the protection of Asian Xiangxin's genetic diversity, in order to enhance their understanding of elephants and provide scientific research support for scientific protection of Asian elephants.

The construction of the national park with the Asian elephant as the main protection object has also been on the agenda. The State Forestry and Grassland Bureau and the Yunnan Provincial People's Government will build a co -construction cooperation mechanism for the provincial provincial provincial provincial, through integration and optimization of existing habitat scope, establish a unified protection management system, and accelerate the establishment of the Asian Elephant National Park.

"On the basis of protecting the Asian elephant population and its habitat, systematically protects my country's precious tropical rain forest ecosystems and its resources. It is of great significance to establish and improve the long -term mechanism of natural resources and ecological protection." Chen Fei said that in the end, people and elephants have their own place, and people are symbiosis in harmony. (Text/Zhao Yanran, Wang Mingyu, Yan Yong)

Supervision | Sun Yande

Review | Sun Peng

Edit | Guo Qingna

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