What happened to the record this summer?

Zhejiang News Client reporter Zhu Chenghu Hu Jingyi

On August 11, the staff irrigated at a rice planting base in Wuxing District, Huzhou City. Recently, high temperatures in many places in Zhejiang have continued, which has a significant impact on agricultural production. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Yu Photo

hot! hot! hot! The subtropical high -voltage is like a large -power heater, hanging above Zhejiang, and the hot air boils the ground.

Large -scale, persistent, high intensity, high -temperature weather in this round is very "personality". From a small summer, the summer, to the beginning of autumn, the "background" of solar terms is constantly rotating.

On August 11, the province was still shrouded in high temperature, and the highest temperature in most areas was 38 ° C to 40 ° C. From the time to August 11, the average rainfall in the province was 57%less than the same period of the same year. In the half of the region, due to the less temperature and rain, the heavy drought was heavy. Meteorological drought.

Various signs show that the high temperature this summer has extremes and catastrophe. Everyone has doubts -where does the high temperature heat wave come from? Is there any trace of extreme weather? Can people do?

The threat of the heat wave

We are experiencing enthusiastic summer. This is the same, so is data.

On July 12, Hangzhou issued the first high -temperature red warning this year, with a maximum temperature of 40.3 ° C, refreshing the city's earliest record for the history of high -temperature red warning. On July 23, in the summer solar terms, Zhejiang 7 broke the highest temperature record since the meteorological observation record. On August 11, Hangzhou's temperature rose to 40.9 ° C, breaking the highest temperature record since this year.

At the Zhejiang Climate Center, senior engineer Mao Yanjun showed reporters the data on the computer screen: The average temperature in Zhejiang in July was 30.6 ° C, which was 2.1 ° C higher than the same period of the year. Record.

Not only Zhejiang, nationwide, and even the northern hemisphere have entered the "stove" model.

The latest monitoring and evaluation of the National Climate Center, Hangzhou, Fuzhou, Chengdu, Hefei and other provincial capital cities have encountered extreme high -temperature disasters this year. As of August 2, my country's high temperature coverage area exceeded 5 million square kilometers, affecting the population of more than 900 million people, and the highest temperature of 131 national meteorological stations reached or broke through the historical extreme value.

At the other end of the earth, the British, which has always been cool, failed to escape from high temperature. On July 19, the temperature of London Heathrow Airport reached the first 40.2 ° C in 181, which had a meteorological record, and even the airport's runway became hot.

As a catastrophic weather, the threat of high -temperature heat waves is often ignored by everyone. In fact, the number of deaths in the world is much higher than that of calamities such as tornado, floods, and strong storms. At present, the continuous high temperature has caused adverse effects on production and life and human health.

This summer, "thermal ejection disease" on Weibo hot search. This most dangerous and serious heat stroke has become close to this summer.

The reporter learned from a three hospital in Zhejiang that the number of patients with fever in the hospital this year has increased significantly, basically there are 47 heat stroke patients in early July alone, of which 23 are in danger. In addition, many people in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Guangdong and other places have been diagnosed with fever, and there have been death cases.

Agriculture was also hit by a lot of blows. Right now, Cai Chen, a large tea household in Songyang County, seized water to irrigate in accordance with the guidance of agricultural technical experts. Many tea trees in his family have "burned" to varying degrees of "burns" due to the continuous high temperature. In addition, the harm of "high temperatures" in some areas of Zhejiang, and the phenomenon of "sunburn" in local citrus. Xiao Jinping, an expert in the Peach Tree expert of the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, found that in July, some mountain Taoyuan had drought, and the continuous high temperature and drought had a greater impact on the quality of peach. High temperatures also aggravated the incidence of pests such as submarine moths, pears, and red spiders.

High -temperature heat waves also put tremendous pressure on the power supply system. Since June 13, Hebei, Shandong, Zhejiang and other provinces (autonomous regions) power grids, as well as Northwest Power Grid and Southern Power Grid have reached a record high.

This summer, the IoT water and fertilizer integration irrigation system in Wenlingjin Ridge Agricultural Sciences effectively guarantees drought resistance in the orchard. The picture shows fruit farmers work in the vineyards on August 10. Zhejiang News Client reporter Zhu Haiwei photographed friends Xu Weijie

High temperature pusher

"Most of the high -temperature disasters in Zhejiang are inseparable from the wave of subtropical high pressure, and this year is no exception." Mao Yanjun told reporters that the subtropical high -voltage is a heating and high -pressure system. It is easy to reach the ground, which is beneficial to the ground temperature.

In the midsummer this year, the strong mainland high -voltage and Pacific subtropical high -pressure once opened the connection to firmly control Zhejiang, which led to frequent high temperature in Zhejiang, stronger than previous years.

Behind the subtropical high -pressure abnormalities, it means that the global atmospheric circulation and the marine circulation are changing.

"From the perspective of the big background of climate change, global warming should be one of the important reasons for frequent high -temperature heat wave events in some areas in the northern hemisphere." Ren Guoyu, the chief expert of the National Climate Center and part -time professor of China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), told reporters that From decades to hundreds of years of observation data, climate warming in most regions around the world is significant.

In the first working group of the sixth evaluation report released by the United Nations Intergovernmental Climate Change Special Committee (IPCC) in August last year, "Climate Change 2021: Natural Science Basis", with an unquestionable affirmative tone, pointed out that climate change was affected by human activities by human activities (Greenhouse gas emissions) caused. In addition, in many cities and regions in the world, the urban areas caused by rapid urbanization are significantly heating, which is also one of the main reasons for the frequency and intensity of high temperature heat waves in urban areas. More than half of the global population lives in cities, of which more than 60%of Europe, North America and East Asia. The frequency changes in high -temperature heat waves caused by urbanization have a greater impact on society and are more likely to be felt.

More and more mainstream studies have shown that climate warming can cause frequency of extreme weather events such as high temperature and heavy precipitation.

In early August, the "China Climate Change Blue Book (2022)" released by the China Meteorological Administration showed that since the late 1990s, extreme high temperature events have increased significantly. In 2021, a number of climate change indicators such as the average temperature of China's surface, coastal sea level, and many years of frozen soil activity layer broke the observation record.

"The climate crisis is no longer the state of boiled frogs." Liu Junyan and his team who has long -term attention to the sustainable development of climate change and his team has evaluated the risk of climate change risks in major cities in my country last year, and released " Coexistence with "Hong" -Report on Climate Change Risk and Future Scenario Forecast of China's Major Cities. "

The report pointed out that the temperature rising rate of temperature rising in North China and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is at a high level. It is the high -risk area of ​​the heat wave. Area. China's major urban agglomerations represented by the Beijing -Tianjin -Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Pearl River Delta overlap with high risk zones in China. The highly concentrated population, industry and infrastructure are exposed to a severe security crisis in climate change.

Taking the city of Hangzhou as an example, a total of 429 high -temperature process occurred in the past 60 years, of which 40 years have developed slowly, but the frequency and intensity of high -temperature heat waves have shown explosive growth in 20 years. 41%of the total number.

"14 high -temperature processes occurred in Hangzhou's urban area in 2021. If this year's data is added, it should be more significant." Liu Junyan admits that the threat brought by climate change is no longer a slow linear change process, perhaps far more than humans than humans The imagination is more violent and fast.

On August 6, the people of Sanjiang Street Organization of Jinhua Economic and Technological Development Zone sent the ice cubes for cooling to the nucleic acid detection and sampling point. Photo by Pan Qiuya, a reporter from Zhejiang News Client, Pan Qiuya

Dangerous 1.5 ℃

1.5 ° C is generally considered to be the critical value of global climate change that leads to turning in the ecosystem.

The Paris Agreement signed in New York in 2016 was the long -term goal to control the global average temperature increases within 2 ° C before industrialization, and worked hard to limit the increase in temperature within 1.5 ° C. Many scientists believe that once the global warming exceeds 1.5 ° C, it will cause serious or even irreversible climate change.

According to the sixth evaluation report of the Special Committee of the United Nations Intergovernmental Climate Change (IPCC), if the global warming is 1.5 ° C, about 6%of the 105,000 species will have about 6%, 8%of plants, and 4%of vertebrates. Lost the appropriate living environment and the temperature will be expanded to 18%of insects, 16%of plants and 8%vertebrates. The climate change brought by this will also lead to the degeneration of high latitudes and northern forests. The increase in carbon dioxide concentration causes oceanicization, which threatens the huge biological groups from algae to fish.

In the future, most people will live in extreme high temperatures in the world, which may not be alarmist. The report also pointed out that about 3.3 billion to 3.6 billion people in the world live in an environment where climate change is highly fragile. Extreme high -temperature events that occur from an average of 50 years from 1850 to 1900, and will occur every 10 years.

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) "The Latest Notary of the Global One -year to Ten -year Climate" released by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) released a dangerous signal: At present, the global average annual temperature has increased by 1.1 ° C.

The window period left to us is limited. In the face of the risk of extreme weather brought by climate change, where should humans go?

"In the context of global warming, the frequency and intensity of extreme weather and climatic events increased. It may be difficult to manage at a time, but we can slow climate change through carbon emission reduction." Ye Ruke, an expert in climate change in the Ecological Environment Department.

In 2020, my country submitted a national independent emission reduction plan to the United Nations. Based on the "3060" dual carbon target, by 2030, the domestic GDP's domestic production value carbon dioxide emissions will decrease by more than 65%compared with 2005.

A low -carbon "Energy Revolution" is starting.

The use of renewable energy is considered an effective means to achieve zero carbon from the source. Among them, photovoltaics and wind power have been highly hoped. In September last year, Zhejiang Province launched the "Scenery Double" project. It is planned to increase the increase in the province's landscape machine by 2025. Compared with the intermittentity of the scenery and "difficulty in Internet", nuclear power has efficient and controllable advantages. According to the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" energy development plan, nuclear power will become the main power supply of Zhejiang Zhongzhong. In addition, it is necessary to change the existing energy utilization method. From the perspective of the generating end, coal -fired units must move towards cleaning. The national carbon trading market, which opened construction in July last year, has set up carbon distribution for power generation companies to inspire them to accelerate green technology exploration. At the power grid and energy end, a new power system needs to be constructed to accelerate the rhythm of electricity replacement. Ye Rick added: "Electric vehicles and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles provide possible for energy cleaning alternatives in the transportation field. 'Green Electricity+Green Hydrogen' is an important part of energy transformation."

There are many practices in the province. In Dachen Island, Taizhou, the construction of sea wind power and hydrogen coupling projects at sea, full -power transportation and full -power homestays have been pushed away. As one of the first batch of low (zero) carbon pilots in the province, Dachen Island is working hard Green Island.

Facing the topic of climate change, in addition to carbon reduction and emission reduction, people have to do a lot.

For example, agriculture, "Agriculture still relies on the sky to eat. Only by achieving controlling production links can we resist the harm of extreme weather to agricultural production." Xiao Jinping believes that in the long run, facility cultivation is the general direction of Zhejiang fruit tree production, such as smart greenhouses, such as smart greenhouses The greenhouse can more accurately control the external environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, and create the most suitable growth environment for crops.

Another example is that "climate adaptability will become an important consideration for the future development of the city's development space. We can reasonably control the boundaries of the city's development and protect the cities' cold sources and wind sources, instead of the expansion of large pieces of large cakes. For example, for example, The Qiantang River is a ventilated space throughout Hangzhou. Too many screen buildings should not be built on both sides of the river. "Said Yu Bu, an expert in the Meteorological Information Center of the Hangzhou Meteorological Bureau.

The upcoming Hangzhou West Railway Station was conducted at the beginning of the design of the microclimate environment. Through micro -climate simulation, it was verified on the configuration of green space space and building angles to achieve dampness, cooling, and ventilation.

It is gratifying that more and more young people are starting to pay attention to the issues of climate change. In the climatic action class of the First Affiliated Primary School in Hangzhou Normal University, teachers and students jointly conduct climate experiments. The micro -video of the climate crisis has caused strong response from students. After the class, many students took the initiative to write a low -carbon life initiative, hoping to drive more people to carry out energy conservation and emission reduction operations.

The reporter learned that climate action class stems from a "reserve benefit" adolescent sustainable development of education public welfare practice plan. One of the sponsored plans, Xin Hao, Secretary -General of the Zhejiang Green Science and Technology and Culture Promotion Association, told reporters that currently 38 schools in the province have launched a "reserve benefit" plan, and more than 5,500 students have participated.

"Climate change has arrived, and no one is a bystander." Xin Hao said that we can also be part of the active role.

In a new energy company in Leidian Town, Deqing County, workers are driving the new energy vehicle intelligent wireless charging pile and supporting circuit board products. Photo by Zhejiang News Client Shooting Friends Xie Shangguo

【The Stone of his mountains】

Egypt

In the past, local relies on oil power generation, and the water consumed seriously, producing a large amount of carbon emissions and environmental pollution. In order to improve the continuous deterioration environment, the city launched the "This Class Photovoltaic Industrial Park" project. The industrial park is the largest solar project in Africa with a total area of ​​37 square kilometers and a capital investment exceeding $ 2 billion. At present, 42 solar power stations have been completed with a capacity level of 2100 MW. This project will help reduce 2 million tons of carbon emissions every year. The picture of this project was also printed on the local coins of Egypt and became a "national business card".

Sydney, Australia

The city's deployment of the city's strategic plan "Sydney 2030" is planned to decrease by 70%compared with 2006 in 2006. For example, through sustainable measures such as solar devices, garbage treatment, and water circulation, the city promotes the "high -quality architectural cooperation" project to comprehensively improve the energy saving performance of the building. Government joint professional agencies have evaluated star -rated standards for green buildings, and the leasing costs of commercial office buildings are linked to building star -rated, which continuously encourages owners to join.

Sweden Lin Xueping

The city plans to achieve urban carbon neutralization by 2025. The municipal government's joint enterprises, universities, and other cities have proposed the following measures: government vehicles and public transportation use biogas and other renewable fuels; put forward specific requirements for climate indicators in government procurement; closely cooperate with Lin Xueping University to establish a biogas research center , Develop new emission reduction technology, etc. By 2016, Lin Xueping City established two thermoelectric linkage power plants. Carbon dioxide emissions have decreased by 25%since 1990. The energy consumption of schools and hospitals has fallen by 5%, and there is a trend of further decline.

Salesno, Italy

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